Nitrogen Fixation Research Progress: Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation, Corvallis, O.R. 97331, August 4-10, 1985 ... Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture)

This Symposium, held August 4-10, 1985 on the campus of Oregon State University in Corvallis, is the sixth of a series of international symposia concerned with broad aspects of the fixation of nitrogen gas by biological and chemical means. The first symposium of this series was held in Pullman, Washington (1974), the second in Salamanca, Spain (1976), the third in Madison, Wisconsin (1978), the fourth in Canberra, Australia (1980) and the fifth in Noordwij~erhout, The Netherlands (1983). Prior to the organization of these symposia, small groups of usually no more than 10 or 12 of the now "old guard" in the field met in some obscure places, including Butternut Lake, Wisconsin, Sanabel Island, Florida and Camp Sage hen in California, to discuss developments in the field. Concern about an energy crisis in the nineteen seventies served as an impetus for the organization of workshops and preparatiol. of publications urging government agencies to provide funds for the support of several neglected areas in the field, including the genetics of nitrogen-fixing organisms and the biology of Frankia. In looking back, it becomes apparent that there have been drastic changes in the extent of research support in the field and in the contents of the programs of the continuing series of symposia. Front Matter....Pages I-XIV Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Host Plant Characteristics of Common Bean Lines Selected Using Indirect Measures of N 2 Fixation....Pages 3-9 Genetic Improvement of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Legumes....Pages 11-17 Plant Host Genetics of Nodulation and Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Pea and Soybean....Pages 19-25 Genetic Improvement of Legume- Rhizobium Symbiosis....Pages 27-38 Legume Nodulation Mutants....Pages 39-45 Structure and Transcription of the Soybean Leghemoglobin and Nodulin Genes....Pages 47-52 Nodulin Gene Expression in Pisum Sativum....Pages 53-59 Poster Summaries....Pages 61-67 Discussion Group Summary (Convenor: N.J. Brewin)....Pages 69-69 Front Matter....Pages 71-71 Identification And Organization Of Rhizobium Meliloti Genes Relevant To The Initiation And Development Of Nodules....Pages 73-78 Plant-Secreted Factors Induce The Expression of R.Trifolii Nodulation and Host-Range Genes....Pages 79-85 Fine Structure Studies of R . Meliloti nodDABC Genes....Pages 87-93 The Structure and Regulation of the Nodulation Genes of Rhizobium Leguminosarum ....Pages 95-100 Genes Of Rhizobium Japonicum Involved in Development of Nodules....Pages 101-107 Developmental Biology of the Rhizobium Meliloti -Alfalfa Symbiosis: A Joint Genetic and Cytological Approach....Pages 109-115 nod Genes in Fast-Growing Rhizobia....Pages 117-127 nod Genes in Slow-Growing Rhizobia....Pages 128-131 Genes Involved in Nodule Development....Pages 132-140 Genes Involved in Competitiveness....Pages 141-145 Miscellaneous....Pages 146-154 Front Matter....Pages 71-71 Poster Summaries....Pages 181-192 A Model of Nutrient Exchange in the Rhizobium -Legume Symbiosis....Pages 193-199 Genes Involved in the Carbon Metabolism of Bacteroids....Pages 201-207 Characterization, Significance and Transfer of Hydrogen Uptake Genes from Rhizobium Japonicum ....Pages 209-215 Carbon Metabolism and Ammonia Assimilation....Pages 217-226 Hydrogen Metabolism....Pages 227-233 Discussion Group Summary (Convenor: N.J. Brewin)....Pages 235-235 Discussion Group Summary (Convenor: G. Ditta)....Pages 155-156 Organization and Regulation of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Genes from Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ....Pages 157-163 Organization and Regulation of Rhizobius meliloti and Parasponia Bradyrhizobium Nitrogen Fixation Genes....Pages 165-171 Rhizobium phaseoli : Nitrogen Fixation Genes and DNA Reiteration....Pages 173-179 Front Matter....Pages 237-237 Recognition and Infection of Clover Root Hairs by Rhizobium Trifolii ....Pages 239-245 Recognition and Infection by Slow-Growing Rhizobia....Pages 247-253 Competition and Attachment....Pages 255-261 Host-Induced Phenomena....Pages 262-264 Compositional Variations....Pages 265-270 Actinorhizal Systems....Pages 271-272 Discussion Group Summary (Convenor: R.W. Carlson)....Pages 273-274 Front Matter....Pages 275-275 Carbon Metabolism in Legume Nodules....Pages 277-283 Factors Limiting N 2 Fixation by the Legume- Rhizobium Symbiosis....Pages 285-291 Front Matter....Pages 275-275 The Site of Nitrogenase in Frankia in Free-Living Culture and in Symbiosis....Pages 293-299 Use Of 13 N to Study N 2 Fixation and Assimilation by Cyanobacterial-Lower Plant Associations....Pages 301-307 Structural Studies....Pages 309-314 Factors Affecting Nodulation....Pages 315-321 Nitrogen Metabolism....Pages 322-335 Carbon Metabolism....Pages 336-345 Oxygen Transport and Effects....Pages 346-355 Hydrogen Uptake and Evolution....Pages 356-361 Actinorhizal Systems....Pages 362-371 Associative Relationships....Pages 372-374 Discussion Group Summary (Convenor: R.V. Klucas)....Pages 375-376 Front Matter....Pages 377-377 Recent Advances in the Ecology of Rhizobium ....Pages 379-385 Physiological and Biochemical Aspects of N 2 -Fixing Cyanobacteria....Pages 387-393 Rhizobium - Competition....Pages 395-402 Rhizobium - Survival....Pages 403-408 Rhizobium - General....Pages 409-418 Associative Bacteria....Pages 419-428 Cyanobacteria....Pages 429-436 Frankia....Pages 437-440 Miscellaneous....Pages 441-447 Front Matter....Pages 377-377 Discussion Group Summary (Convenor: M.G. Yates)....Pages 449-450 Front Matter....Pages 451-451 Progress in Understanding Organization and Expression of nif Genes in Klebsiella ....Pages 453-460 Regulation of Klebsiella pneumoniae Nitrogen Fixation Gene Promoters by Regulatory Proteins ntrC , nifA , and nifL ....Pages 461-467 Genetic and Physical Characterisation of nif and ntr Genes in Azotobacter chroococcum and A. vinelandii ....Pages 469-476 Advances in the Genetics of Azospirillum ....Pages 477-483 Organization of the Genes for Nitrogen Fixation in the Cyanobacterium Anabaena ....Pages 485-490 Development of the Genetics of Heterocyst-Forming Cyanobacteria....Pages 491-496 Genetics of Nitrogen Fixation in Photosynthetic Bacteria....Pages 497-503 Identification, Cloning and Mapping of nif ....Pages 505-511 Analysis of nif Sequences....Pages 512-516 Rearrangement of nif DNA....Pages 517-519 nif Regulation....Pages 520-530 Biochemistry and Physiology of Mutants....Pages 531-537 Discussion Group Summary (Convenor: C. Elmerich)....Pages 539-540 Front Matter....Pages 541-541 Nitrogenase Mechanism — An Overview....Pages 543-549 Regulation of Nitrogenase Activity in the Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria....Pages 551-557 Structure and Mechanism of the Azobobacter vinelandii Fe-Protein....Pages 559-565 The Role of Fe Protein in Nitrogenase Catalysis....Pages 567-576 Studies on the Structure and Function of the MoFe Protein of Nitrogenase....Pages 577-583 Redox Properties of The Nitrogenase Component Proteins from Azotobacter Vinelandii ....Pages 585-590 Front Matter....Pages 541-541 Mossbauer and EPR Studies on Nitrogenase....Pages 591-596 The Iron-Molybdenum Cofactor of Nitrogenase....Pages 597-603 Redox and Compositional Insights into the Iron-Molybdenum Cofactor of Azotobacter Vinelandii Nitrogenase as a Guide to Synthesis of New Mo-Fe-S Clusters....Pages 605-610 Mechanism....Pages 611-616 Proteins and Cofactors....Pages 617-621 Purification and Properties....Pages 622-625 Regulation....Pages 626-631 ATP Effects....Pages 632-636 Discussion Group Summary (Convenor: R.H. Burris)....Pages 637-638 From Phosphorus Towards Sulphur: The Development of New Dinitrogen Binding Sites....Pages 639-644 Detection of Intermediates in Chemical N 2 Fixation....Pages 645-650 Poster Summaries....Pages 651-654 Discussion Group Summary (Convenor: G.J. Leigh)....Pages 655-655 Front Matter....Pages 657-657 Nitrogen Fixation in Agriculture in Temperate Regions....Pages 659-665 Current Research Strategies for Use of Actinorhizal Symbioses in Forestry....Pages 667-674 Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Tropical Agriculture....Pages 675-681 Applications of Nitrogen Fixation in Agriculture and Forestry....Pages 683-687 Management Practice....Pages 689-695 Rhizobial Inoculant Technology....Pages 696-699 Frankia....Pages 700-702 Front Matter....Pages 657-657 Free Living Fixers....Pages 703-707 Quantitation....Pages 708-710 Discussion Group Summary (Convenors: D.B. Hannaway and T.L. Righetti)....Pages 711-713 Front Matter....Pages 713-713 Current Thoughts on Nitrogen Fixation....Pages 715-721 Back Matter....Pages 723-731