Nitrogen fixation : global perspectives : proceedings of the 13th International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, 2-7 July 2001

The proceedings include the Johanna Döbereiner memorial lecture, a note on the discovery in 1965 of inorganic nitrogen complexes, the keynote address, and 68 papers in 15 sections (each mostly introduced by an overview): Chemistry and biochemistry of nitrogenase; Bacterial genomics; Plant genomics; Signal transduction; Developmental biology; Signals in the soil; Proteins in regulation and development; Stresses and factors limiting nitrogen fixation; Regulation of N2 fixation and metabolism; Nodule metabolism; Endophytic/associative plant-microbe interactions; Common themes in symbiosis and pathogenesis; Nitrification, denitrification and the nitrogen cycle; Novel applications in nitrogen fixation; and Applied aspects of nitrogen fixation. Abstracts of poster presentations, and author and subject indexes are also included. Chapter: 1 (Page no: 15) Localization of the nitrogenase substrate binding site. Author(s): Mayer, S. M. Christiansen, J. Santos, P. C. dos Niehaus, W. G. Benton, P. Seefeldt, L. C. Dean, D. R. Chapter: 2 (Page no: 20) Biosynthesis of the iron-molybdenum cofactor of nitrogenase: roles of dinitrogenase reductase and NafY. Author(s): Ludden, P. W. Rangaraj, P. Rubio, L. Rüttimann-Johnson, C. Dyer, D. Cheng, J. Shah, V. K. Chapter: 3 (Page no: 25) Nitrogenase mechanism: can old lags teach us new tricks? Author(s): Thorneley, R. N. F. Angove, H. Ashby, G. A. Durrant, M. C. Fairhurst, S. A. George, S. J. Hallenbeck, P. C. Sinclair, A. Tolland, J. D. Chapter: 4 (Page no: 41) The 1683 kb replicon of Sinorhizobium meliloti: past and present investigations into the nature of a very large bacterial plasmid. Author(s): MacLellan, S. R. Sibley, C. D. Golding, B. Finan, T. M. Chapter: 5 (Page no: 46) Sequencing and annotation of the megaplasmid pSymB of the nitrogen-fixing endosymbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti. Author(s): Weidner, S. Buhrmester, J. Sharypova, L. Vorhölter, F. J. Becker, A. Pühler, A. Chapter: 6 (Page no: 50) Proteome analysis of Sinorhizobium meliloti. Author(s): Djordjevic, M. A. Natera, S. H. Chen, H. C. Weiller, G. Menzel, C. Noorden, G. van Weinman, J. Taylor, S. Guo, K. Rolfe, B. G. Chapter: 7 (Page no: 55) Comparison of chromosomal genes from M. loti and S. meliloti suggest an ancestral genome. Author(s): Morton, R. A. Chapter: 8 (Page no: 61) Rhizobia: the family is expanding. Author(s): Moulin, L. Chen, W. M. Béna, G. Dreyfus, B. Boivin-Masson, C. Chapter: 9 (Page no: 66) Genome diversity at the phe-tRNA locus in a field population of mesorhizobia. Author(s): Ronson, C. W. Sullivan, J. T. Wijkstra, G. S. Carlton, T. Muirhead, K. Trzebiatowski, J. R. Gouzy, J. Bruijn, F. J. de Chapter: 10 (Page no: 71) How well does 16S rRNA gene phylogeny represent evolutionary relationships among the rhizobia? Author(s): Berkum, P. van Reiner, S. Eardly, B. D. Chapter: 11 (Page no: 75) Genetics and genomics of stress-induced gene expression in rhizobia. Author(s): Bruijn, F. J. de Ampe, F. Batut, J. Berges, H. Davalos, M. Davey, M. E. Gouzy, J. Kahn, D. Kiss, E. Lauber, E. Liebe, C. Milcamps, A. Ronson, C. Struffi, P. Sullivan, J. Trzebiatowski, J. Vriezen, C. Chapter: 12 (Page no: 80) The genomes of nitrogen-fixing organisms. Author(s): Palacios, R. Chapter: 13 (Page no: 82) Complete genome structure of Mesorhizobium loti strain MAFF303099. Author(s): Kaneko, T. Nakamura, Y. Sato, S. Asamizu, E. Kato, T. Tabata, S. Chapter: 14 (Page no: 86) The symbiotic plasmid of Rhizobium etli CFN42. Author(s): Bustos, P. Cevallos, M. A. Collado-Vides, J. González, V. Medrano, A. Moreno, G. Ramírez, M. A. Romero, D. R. Dávila, J. G. Chapter: 15 (Page no: 88) Nitrogen fixation: analysis of the genome of the cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme. Author(s): Thiel, T. Meeks, J. C. Elhai, J. Potts, M. Larimer, F. Lamerdin, J. Predki, P. Atlas, R. Chapter: 16 (Page no: 95) Integrated functional genomics to define the plant's function in symbiotic nodulation. Author(s): Gresshoff, P. M. Stiller, J. Maguire, T. Lohar, D. Ayanru, S. Buzas, D. Habamunga, S. Smith, L. Carroll, B. Searle, I. Meksem, K. Lightfoot, D. Grimmond, S. Men, A. E. Chapter: 17 (Page no: 99) Genomics tools for dissecting nodulation in the model legume Medicago truncatula. Author(s): Bosch, K. A. van den Cook, D. R. Chapter: 18 (Page no: 103) A large scale genome analysis of Lotus japonicus, MG-20. Author(s): Sato, S. Kaneko, T. Nakamura, Y. Kato, T. Asamizu, E. Tabata, S. Chapter: 19 (Page no: 107) Genetics and genomics in Lotus japonicus. Author(s): Sandal, N. Krusell, L. Radutoiu, S. Olbryt, M. Pedrosa, A. Stracke, S. Parniske, M. Bachmair, A. Ketelsen, T. Stougaard, J. Chapter: 20 (Page no: 109) Lotus japonicus functional genomics: cDNA microarray analysis uncovers novel nodulins. Author(s): Udvardi, M. Altmann, T. Essigmann, B. Colebatch, G. Kloska, S. Smith, P. Trevaskis, B. Chapter: 21 (Page no: 118) Signal exchange during the early events of soybean nodulation. Author(s): Stacey, G. Loh, J. Zhang, B. Lee, Y. H. Bickley, C. Lohar, D. Liao, G. Copley, G. Stacey, M. G. Chapter: 22 (Page no: 123) Map based cloning of a receptor kinase gene (NORK) by genetic mapping of a mutation (nn1) conditioning non-nodulating phenotype in the tetraploid alfalfa mutant MN-1008. Author(s): Kiss, G. B. Mihacea, S. Kevei, Z. Kaló, P. Perhald, A. Seres, A. Kereszt, A. Endre, G. Chapter: 23 (Page no: 127) Plant and bacterial genotype interactions in early stages of infection of pea by Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae. Author(s): Downie, J. A. Walker, S. Hogg, B. Davies, A. E. Viprey, V. Chapter: 24 (Page no: 137) Role of reactive oxygen species and ethylene in programmed cell death during nodule initiation on Sesbania rostrata. Author(s): D'Haeze, W. Chaparro, C. Keyser, A. de Deleu, S. Rycke, R. de Goormachtig, S. Lievens, S. Mathis, R. Schroeyers, K. Velde, W. van de Vereecke, D. Verplancke, C. Holsters, M. Chapter: 25 (Page no: 142) Endoreduplication is essential for symbiotic cell differentiation in Medicago truncatula. Author(s): Kondorosi, E. Vinardell, J. M. Fedorova, E. Cebolla, A. Roudier, F. Tarayre, S. Horvath, G. Fülöp, K. Vaubert, D. Kondorosi, A. Chapter: 26 (Page no: 146) Identification of trans-acting factors regulating nodule development. Author(s): Hansen, A. C. Johansson, C. Busk, H. Jepsen, A. Jensen, D. Fræmohs, L. Jensen, E. O. Chapter: 27 (Page no: 148) Responses of Lotus japonicus to nod factors. Author(s): Spaink, H. P. Bras, C. P. Grønlund, M. Spronsen, P. van Kijne, J. Schlaman, H. R. M. Roussis, A. Wijting, S. Stougaard, J. Flemetakis, E. Katinakis, P. Chapter: 28 (Page no: 155) Catabolic and chemoreceptor genes and their role in rhizobial ecology. Author(s): Hynes, M. F. Yost, C. K. Oresnik, I. J. Garcia de los Santos, A. Clark, S. R. D. Macintosh, J. E. Chapter: 29 (Page no: 158) Characteristics and metabolic roles of biotin-dependent carboxylases in rhizobia. Author(s): Dunn, M. F. Araíza, G. Encarnación, S. Finan, T. M. Mora, J. Chapter: 30 (Page no: 163) Phosphorus is important in nodulation of actinorhizal plants and legumes. Author(s): Huss-Danell, K. Gentili, F. Valverde, C. Wall, L. Wiklund, A. Chapter: 31 (Page no: 171) The FixJ transcriptional activator: from structure to genome. Author(s): Ferrières, L. Schumacher, J. Ton-Hoang, B. Fourment, J. Roche, P. Rouillé, S. Kahn, D. Chapter: 32 (Page no: 179) Functional analysis of regulatory genes involved in Medicago truncatula nodule organogenesis. Author(s): Crespi, M. Complainville, A. Chinchilla, D. Merchan, F. Campalans, A. Breda, C. Sousa, C. Megias, M. Dax, E. Wolf, S. Kondorosi, A. Chapter: 33 (Page no: 184) Ferritin and iron management in legume plant development and nodulation. Author(s): Stróżycki, P. M. Skapska, A. Kolaczkowska-Szcześniak, K. Sobieszczuk, E. Legocki, A. B. Chapter: 34 (Page no: 191) Antioxidant protection of legume root nodules. Author(s): Iturbe-Ormaetxe, I. Matamoros, M. A. Moran, J. F. Ramos, J. Rubio, M. C. Clemente, M. R. Heras, B. Becana, M. Chapter: 35 (Page no: 196) Role of reactive oxygen species in nodule development. Author(s): Hérouart, D. Baudouin, E. Santos, R. Mathieu, C. Sigaud, S. Jamet, A. Evans, P. Frendo, P. Sype, G. van de Davies, M. J. Halliwell, B. Touati, D. Puppo, A. Chapter: 36 (Page no: 200) Nickel sequestering and storage by Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Author(s): Maier, R. J. Olson, J. W. Chapter: 37 (Page no: 204) Understanding acid tolerance in root nodule bacteria. Author(s): Dilworth, M. J. Reeve, W. G. Tiwari, R. P. Vivas-Marfisi, A. I. Fenner, B. J. Glenn, A. R. Chapter: 38 (Page no: 213) The network controlling symbiotic nitrogen fixation genes in Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Author(s): Fischer, H. M. Sciotti, M. A. Hennecke, H. Chapter: 39 (Page no: 223) Regulation of nitrogenase in the photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodobacter capsulatus. Author(s): Hallenbeck, P. C. Yakunin, A. F. Drepper, T. Gross, S. Masepohl, B. Klipp, W. Chapter: 40 (Page no: 228) Role of the NifM in maturation of the Fe-protein of nitrogenase. Author(s): Gavini, N. Pulakat, L. Chapter: 41 (Page no: 233) Bacterial ammonium transport proteins: structure and function. Author(s): Merrick, M. Blakey, D. Coutts, G. Thomas, G. Chapter: 42 (Page no: 238) Integration of nitrogen, carbon and redox status by the Azotobacter vinelandii NifL-NifA regulatory complex. Author(s): Little, R. Perry, S. Colombo, V. Reyes-Ramirez, F. Dixon, R. Chapter: 43 (Page no: 247) The pivotal role of malate in root nodule metabolism and legume growth. Author(s): Vance, C. P. Bucciarelli, B. Schulze, J. Litjens, R. H. Trepp, G. B. Samac, D. A. Allan, D. L. Tesfaye, M. Chapter: 44 (Page no: 250) Sinorhizobium meliloti PHB cycle genetics. Author(s): Charles, T. C. Chapter: 45 (Page no: 254) Alanine synthesis and secretion by Rhizobium leguminosarum. Author(s): Poole, P. S. Lodwig, E. M. Allaway, D. A. Bordes, A. Chapter: 46 (Page no: 256) Assimilation of fixed-N in a ureide-forming symbiosis. Author(s): Atkins, C. A. Thumfort, P. P. Chapter: 47 (Page no: 263) Isolation and characterization of diazotrophic endophytes from grasses and their effects on plant growth. Author(s): Riggs, P. J. Moritz, R. L. Chelius, M. K. Dong, Y. Iniguez, A. L. Kaeppler, S. M. Casler, M. D. Triplett, E. W. Chapter: 48 (Page no: 268) Interactions between endobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Author(s): Bonfante, P. Bianciotto, V. Minerdi, D. Chapter: 49 (Page no: 271) Nitrogen fixation and interactions with rice by Azoarcus sp. strain BH72. Author(s): Reinhold-Hurek, B. Hurek, T. Martin, D. E. Sarkar, A. Wiese, S. Chapter: 50 (Page no: 279) Nodule invasion and intracellular survival by Sinorhizobium meliloti. Author(s): Lloret, J. Barra, L. Campbell, G. R. Ferguson, G. P. LeVier, K. Pellock, B. J. Shcherban, T. Y. Blanco, C. Walker, G. C. Chapter: 51 (Page no: 284) Fine tuning of nodulation by rhizobia. Author(s): Boukli, N. M. Broughton, W. J. Deakin, W. J. Kobayashi, H. Marie, C. Perret, X. Saad, M. Skorpil, P. Chapter: 52 (Page no: 288) The type III secretion system of Bradyrhizobium japonicum 110SPC4. Author(s): Krause, A. Doerfel, A. Schmid, C. Hennecke, H. Krishnan, H. Göttfert, M. Chapter: 53 (Page no: 293) Common themes in symbiosis and pathogenesis: the case of Brucella abortus. Author(s): Ugalde, R. A. Chapter: 54 (Page no: 299) Molecular biology of ammonia oxidation by Nitrosomonas europaea. Author(s): Arp, D. J. Sayavedra-Soto, L. A. Hommes, N. G. Chapter: 55 (Page no: 305) Diversity of dinitrogen fixing and denitrifying bacteria in soils assessed by molecular biological methods. Author(s): Bothe, H. Mergel, A. Rösch, C. Chapter: 56 (Page no: 309) Bradyrhizobium japonicum denitrification genes. Author(s): Mesa, S. Velasco, L. Göttfert, M. Bedmar, E. J. Delgado, M. J. Chapter: 57 (Page no: 314) Activation of plant ureases: bacteria revisited in green? Author(s): Bacanamwo, M. Freyermuth, S. K. Palacios, J. M. Witte, C. P. Polacco, J. C. Chapter: 58 (Page no: 323) Symbiotic and developmental mutants of white sweetclover (Melilotus alba Desr.). Author(s): Hirsch, A. M. Lum, M. R. Krupp, R. S. N. Yang, W. LaRue, T. A. Chapter: 59 (Page no: 327) Rhizobial signals and control of plant growth. Author(s): Smith, D. L. Prithiviraj, B. Zhang, F. Chapter: 60 (Page no: 331) Why do legume nodules evolve hydrogen gas? Author(s): Dong, Z. Layzell, D. B. Chapter: 61 (Page no: 341) Maximizing the contribution of biological nitrogen fixation in tropical legume crops. Author(s): Andrade, D. S. Hungria, M. Chapter: 62 (Page no: 346) Soybean N2 fixation and food security for smallholder farmers: a research-extension model for sub-Saharan Africa. Author(s): Mpepereki, S. Makonese, F. Giller, K. E. Chapter: 63 (Page no: 352) The importance of biological nitrogen fixation in cropping systems of industrialized countries. Author(s): Entz, M. H. Chapter: 64 (Page no: 356) Limitations to biological nitrogen fixation as a renewable source of nitrogen for agriculture. Author(s): Peoples, M. B. Giller, K. E. Herridge, D. F. Vessey, J. K.

whilst The Actual Reduction Of Nitrogen Gas (dinitrogen) To Ammonia Would Appear To Be A Well Defined Process, Many Research Questions Concerning Nitrogen Fixation Remain And Continue To Be Addressed By Diverse Groups Of Scientists. This Book Presents The Proceedings Of The 13th International Congress On Nitrogen Fixation, Held In Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, In July 2001. With Very Broad Participation And A Wide Range Of Topics, It Covers The Most Recent Findings. In 15 Sections, The Main Topics Discussed Include Bacterial Genomics, Plant Genomics, Development Biology, Signals In The Soil, Nodule Metabolism And Applied Aspects Of Nitrogen Fixation.

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though The Actual Reduction Of Nitrogen Gas To Ammonia Seems To Be Well Defined And Understood, Chemists, Biochemists, Physiologists, Molecular Biologists, And Other Basic And Applied Scientists Gather Every Couple Of Years To Share Insights On Many Research Questions About It That Remain Unresolved. The Keynote Address Discusses Biofixation And Nitrogen In The Biosphere And In Global Food Production. The Other 81 Papers Look At Such Areas As The Chemistry And Biochemistry Of Nitrogenase, Plant Genomics, Signal Transduction, Proteins In Regulation And Development, Stresses And Factors Limiting Nitrogen Fixation, And Common Themes In Symbiosis And Pathogenesis. Distributed In The Us By Oxford University Press. Annotation C. Book News, Inc., Portland, Or

Whilst the actual reduction of nitrogen gas (dinitrogen) to ammonia would appear to be a well defined process, many research questions concerning nitrogen fixation remain and continue to be addressed by diverse groups of scientists. This book presents the proceedings of the 13th International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation, held in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, in July 2001. With very broad participation and a wide range of topics, it covers the most recent findings. In fifteen sections the main topics discussed include; bacterial genomics, plant genomics, development biology, signals in the soil, nodule metabolism and applied aspects of nitrogen fixation. The control of invasive plant species is a global challenge, and effective biological control is a long-term solution which reduces the need for environmentally damaging chemical sprays. Covering the very latest research findings in all aspects of weed biocontrol, this comprehensive volume contains over 250 papers and abstracts across nine key themes presented at the symposium by international experts. It explores weed biology and ecology and the economic impacts, effectiveness and practical implications of weed management strategies, and will be of interest to researchers and students in plant and environmental sciences.