Nitride Semiconductor Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs): Materials, Technologies and Applications (Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials Book 54)

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are opening up exciting new applications in the area of lighting and displays. OLEDs are self emissive and by careful materials and device design can generate colours across the visible spectrum. Together with simple monolithic fabrication on a range of different substrates, these diverse material properties give OLEDs key advantages over existing display and lighting technology. This important book summarises key research on materials, engineering and the range of applications of these versatile materials. Part one covers materials for OLEDs. Chapters review conjugated polymers, transparent conducting thin films, iridium complexes and phosphorescent materials. Part two discusses the operation and engineering of OLED devices. Chapters discuss topics such as highly efficient pin-type OLEDs, amorphous organic semiconductors, nanostructuring techniques, light extraction, colour tuning, printing techniques, fluorenone defects and disruptive characteristics as well as durability issues. Part three explores the applications of OLEDs in displays and solid-state lighting. Applications discussed include displays, microdisplays and transparent OLEDs, sensors and large-area OLED lighting panels. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is a standard reference for engineers working in lighting, display technology and the consumer electronics sectors, as well as those researching OLEDs. Summarises key research on the materials, engineering and applications of OLEDs Reviews conjugated polymers, transparent conducting thin films Considers nanostructuring OLEDS for increasing levels of efficiency

The development of nitride-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has led to advancements in high-brightness LED technology for solid-state lighting, handheld electronics, and advanced bioengineering applications. Nitride Semiconductor Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) reviews the fabrication, performance, and applications of this technology that encompass the state-of-the-art material and device development, and practical nitride-based LED design considerations.

Part one reviews the fabrication of nitride semiconductor LEDs. Chapters cover molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of nitride semiconductors, modern metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) techniques and the growth of nitride-based materials, and gallium nitride (GaN)-on-sapphire and GaN-on-silicon technologies for LEDs. Nanostructured, non-polar and semi-polar nitride-based LEDs, as well as phosphor-coated nitride LEDs, are also discussed. Part two covers the performance of nitride LEDs, including photonic crystal LEDs, surface plasmon enhanced LEDs, color tuneable LEDs, and LEDs based on quantum wells and quantum dots. Further chapters discuss the development of LED encapsulation technology and the fundamental efficiency droop issues in gallium indium nitride (GaInN) LEDs. Finally, part three highlights applications of nitride LEDs, including liquid crystal display (LCD) backlighting, infrared emitters, and automotive lighting.

Nitride Semiconductor Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) is a technical resource for academics, physicists, materials scientists, electrical engineers, and those working in the lighting, consumer electronics, automotive, aviation, and communications sectors.

• Reviews fabrication, performance, and applications of this technology that encompass the state-of-the-art material and device development, and practical nitride-based LED design considerations
• Covers the performance of nitride LEDs, including photonic crystal LEDs, surface plasmon enhanced LEDs, color tuneable LEDs, and LEDs based on quantum wells and quantum dots
• Highlights applications of nitride LEDs, including liquid crystal display (LCD) backlighting, infra-red emitters, and automotive lighting

The development of nitride-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has led to advancements in high-brightness LED technology for solid-state lighting, handheld electronics, and advanced bioengineering applications . Nitride Semiconductor Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) reviews the fabrication, performance, and applications of this technology that encompass the state-of-the-art material and device development, and practical nitride-based LED design considerations. Part one reviews the fabrication of nitride semiconductor LEDs. Chapters cover molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of nitride semiconductors, modern metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) techniques and the growth of nitride-based materials, and gallium nitride (GaN)-on-sapphire and GaN-on-silicon technologies for LEDs. Nanostructured, non-polar and semi-polar nitride-based LEDs, as well as phosphor-coated nitride LEDs, are also discussed. Part two covers the performance of nitride LEDs, including photonic crystal LEDs, surface plasmon enhanced LEDs, color tuneable LEDs, and LEDs based on quantum wells and quantum dots. Further chapters discuss the development of LED encapsulation technology and the fundamental efficiency droop issues in gallium indium nitride (GaInN) LEDs. Finally, part three highlights applications of nitride LEDs, including liquid crystal display (LCD) backlighting, infrared emitters, and automotive lighting. Nitride Semiconductor Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) is a technical resource for academics, physicists, materials scientists, electrical engineers, and those working in the lighting, consumer electronics, automotive, aviation, and communications sectors. Reviews fabrication, performance, and applications of this technology that encompass the state-of-the-art material and device development, and practical nitride-based LED design considerations Covers the performance of nitride LEDs, including photonic crystal LEDs, surface plasmon enhanced LEDs, color tuneable LEDs, and LEDs based on quantum wells and quantum dots Highlights applications of nitride LEDs, including liquid crystal display (LCD) backlighting, infra-red emitters, and automotive lighting Whilst printed films are currently used in varied devices across a wide range of fields, research into their development and properties is increasingly uncovering even greater potential. Printed films provides comprehensive coverage of the most significant recent developments in printed films and their applications.

Materials and properties of printed films are the focus of part one, beginning with a review of the concepts, technologies and materials involved in their production and use. Printed films as electrical components and silicon metallization for solar cells are discussed, as are conduction mechanisms in printed film resistors, and thick films in packaging and microelectronics. Part two goes on to review the varied applications of printed films in devices. Printed resistive sensors are considered, as is the role of printed films in capacitive, piezoelectric and pyroelectric sensors, mechanical micro-systems and gas sensors. The applications of printed films in biosensors, actuators, heater elements, varistors and polymer solar cells are then explored, followed by a review of screen printing for the fabrication of solid oxide fuel cells and laser printed micro- and meso-scale power generating devices.

With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Printed films is a key text for anyone working in such fields as microelectronics, fuel cell and sensor technology in both industry and academia.

• Provides a comprehensive analysis of the most significant recent developments in printed films and their applications
• Reviews the concepts, properties, technologies and materials involved in the production and use of printed films
• Analyses the varied applications of printed films in devices, including printed restrictive sensors for physical quantities and printed thick film mechanical micro-systems (MEMS), among others

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are opening up exciting new applications in the area of lighting and displays. OLEDs are self emissive and by careful materials and device design can generate colours across the visible spectrum. Together with simple monolithic fabrication on a range of different substrates, these diverse material properties give OLEDs key advantages over existing display and lighting technology. This important book summarises key research on materials, engineering and the range of applications of these versatile materials.

Part one covers materials for OLEDs. Chapters review conjugated polymers, transparent conducting thin films, iridium complexes and phosphorescent materials. Part two discusses the operation and engineering of OLED devices. Chapters discuss topics such as highly efficient pin-type OLEDs, amorphous organic semiconductors, nanostructuring techniques, light extraction, colour tuning, printing techniques, fluorenone defects and disruptive characteristics as well as durability issues. Part three explores the applications of OLEDs in displays and solid-state lighting. Applications discussed include displays, microdisplays and transparent OLEDs, sensors and large-area OLED lighting panels.

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is a standard reference for engineers working in lighting, display technology and the consumer electronics sectors, as well as those researching OLEDs.

• Summarises key research on the materials, engineering and applications of OLEDs
• Reviews conjugated polymers, transparent conducting thin films
• Considers nanostructuring OLEDS for increasing levels of efficiency

Thin film technology is used in many applications such as microelectronics, optics, hard and corrosion resistant coatings and micromechanics, and thin films form a uniquely versatile material base for the development of novel technologies within these industries. Thin film growth provides an important and up-to-date review of the theory and deposition techniques used in the formation of thin films.

Part one focuses on the theory of thin film growth, with chapters covering nucleation and growth processes in thin films, phase-field modelling of thin film growth and surface roughness evolution. Part two covers some of the techniques used for thin film growth, including oblique angle deposition, reactive magnetron sputtering and epitaxial growth of graphene films on single crystal metal surfaces. This section also includes chapters on the properties of thin films, covering topics such as substrate plasticity and buckling of thin films, polarity control, nanostructure growth dynamics and network behaviour in thin films.

With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Thin film growth is an essential reference for engineers in electronics, energy materials and mechanical engineering, as well as those with an academic research interest in the topic.

• Provides an important and up-to-date review of the theory and deposition techniques used in the formation of thin films
• Focusses on the theory and modelling of thin film growth, techniques and mechanisms used for thin film growth and properties of thin films
• An essential reference for engineers in electronics, energy materials and mechanical engineering

Thin film technology is used in many applications such as microelectronics, optics, hard and corrosion resistant coatings and micromechanics, and thin films form a uniquely versatile material base for the development of novel technologies within these industries. Thin film growth provides an important and up-to-date review of the theory and deposition techniques used in the formation of thin films. Part one focuses on the theory of thin film growth, with chapters covering nucleation and growth processes in thin films, phase-field modelling of thin film growth and surface roughness evolution. Part two covers some of the techniques used for thin film growth, including oblique angle deposition, reactive magnetron sputtering and epitaxial growth of graphene films on single crystal metal surfaces. This section also includes chapters on the properties of thin films, covering topics such as substrate plasticity and buckling of thin films, polarity control, nanostructure growth dynamics and network behaviour in thin films. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Thin film growth is an essential reference for engineers in electronics, energy materials and mechanical engineering, as well as those with an academic research interest in the topic. Provides an important and up-to-date review of the theory and deposition techniques used in the formation of thin filmsFocusses on the theory and modelling of thin film growth, techniques and mechanisms used for thin film growth and properties of thin filmsAn essential reference for engineers in electronics, energy materials and mechanical engineering "Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are opening up exciting new applications in the area of lighting and displays. OLEDs are self emissive and by careful materials and device design can generate colours across the visible spectrum. Together with simple monolithic fabrication on a range of different substrates, these diverse material properties give OLEDs key advantages over existing display and lighting technology. This important book summarises key research on materials, engineering and the range of applications of these versatile materials. Part I covers materials for OLEDs. Chapters review conjugated polymers, transparent conducting thin films, iridium and platinum complexes and phosphorescent materials. Part II discusses the operation and engineering of OLED devices. Chapters discuss topics such as highly efficient pin-type OLEDs, amorphous organic semiconductors, nanostructuring techniques, light extraction, colour tuning, printing techniques, fluorenone defects and disruptive characteristics as well as durability issues. Part III explores the applications of OLEDs in displays and solid-state lighting. Applications discussed include displays, microdisplays and transparent OLEDs, sensors and large-area OLED lighting panels. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) will be a standard reference for engineers working in lighting, display technology and the consumer electronics sectors, as well as those researching OLEDs."-- Back cover Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are self emissive and with careful materials and device design can generate colours across the visible spectrum. Together with simple monolithic fabrication on a range of substrates, these diverse material properties give OLEDs key advantages over existing display and lighting technology. This book summarises key research on materials, engineering and the range of applications of these versatile materials. Topics include: materials for OLEDs; conjugated polymers; transparent conducting thin films; iridium complexes and phosphorescent materials; operation and engineering of OLED devices; highly efficient pin-type OLEDs; amorphous organic semiconductors; nanostructuring techniques; light extraction; colour tuning; printing techniques; fluorenone defects and disruptive characteristics as well as durability issues; applications of OLEDs in displays and solid-state lighting. -- Edited summary from book This book reviews the fabrication, performance, and applications of LED technology that encompasses state-of-the-art material and device development, and practical nitride-based LED design considerations. Topics include: performance of nitride LEDs, including photonic crystal LEDs, surface plasmon enhanced LEDs, color tuneable LEDs, and LEDs based on quantum wells and quantum dots; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of nitride semiconductors, modern metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) techniques and the growth of nitride-based materials, and gallium nitride (GaN)-on-sapphire and GaN-on-silicon technologies for LEDs; applications of nitride LEDs, including liquid crystal display (LCD) backlighting, infra-red emitters, and automotive lighting; LED encapsulation technology and the fundamental efficiency droop issues in gallium indium nitride (GaInN) LEDs. -- Edited summary from book Annotation Thin-film technology is used in many applications such as microelectronics, optics, magnetics, hard and corrosion resistant coatings and micromechanics. This book provides a review of the theory and techniques for the deposition of thin films. It will help the reader understand the variables affecting growth kinetics and microstructural evolution during deposition. Part 1 covers the theory and modeling of thin film growth whilst Part 2 describes the techniques and mechanisms of film growth. This section covers examples such as silicon nanostructured thin films, colloidal crystal thin films and graphene thin films. It also contains discussion of pliable substrates and thin films for particular functions The development of nitride-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has led to advancements in high brightness LED technology for solid state lighting, handheld electronics and advanced bioengineering applications. Nitride semiconductor light-emitting diodes (LEDs) reviews fabrication, performance and applications of this technology that encompass the state-of-the-art material/device development and practical nitride-based LED design considerations.Part one reviews the fabrication of nitride semiconductor LEDs. Chapters cover molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of nitride semiconductors, modern meta The development of nitride-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has led to advancements in high brightness LED technology for solid state lighting, handheld electronics and advanced bioengineering applications. Nitride semiconductor light-emitting diodes (LEDs) reviews fabrication, performance and applications of this technology that encompass the state-of-the-art material/device development and practical nitride-based LED design considerations. Part one reviews the fabrication of nitride semiconductor LEDs. Chapters cover molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of nitride semiconductors, mod This book provides a review of the theory and techniques for the deposition of thin films. Thin film growth will help the reader understand the variables affecting growth kinetics and microstructural evolution during deposition. The book covers materials, including GaN and GaInN, nanostructured LEDs, surface plasmon enhanced LEDs, photonic crystal nitride LEDs, reliability, packaging and applications such as lighting and displays.