Nineteenth Century Childhoods In Interdisciplinary And International Perspectives 19th-century Childhoods In Interdisciplinary And International Perspectives

The nineteenth century was a time when the world was becoming increasingly connected through global forces and networks. Colonial and capitalist expansion was bringing the world into closer contact while nationalism and forms of indigenous resistance were shaping and moulding the world on more local and regional scales. This dynamic environment was the backdrop for a time when childhood was becoming significantly elaborated as a cultural category of identity. Institutions, objects, and places specifically designed for children were multiplying at an unprecedented rate; writing about children in fiction and non-fiction became increasingly prolific; and the concern for children’s health and well-being in life and death was paramount in many communities. Scholarship on the nineteenth century spans many disciplines and areas of interest and utilizes diverse and abundant source material to study a period recognized as foundational for our modern, globalized world. This volume brings together scholars from archaeology, art history, bioarchaeology, educational history, history, literary studies, and theater history to present studies of nineteenth century children and childhood in Australia, the Bahamas, Canada, England, Ireland, Native North America, Romania, Russia, and the United States. The interdisciplinary focus of this volume illustrates the wealth of sources, methods, and perspectives that can be used to develop our understandings of childhood in the nineteenth century, and the international scope of the studies offers a platform to engage commonalities in an increasingly globalized world alongside an appreciation for local, regional, and national variations in the cultural creation and experiences of childhood. Table of Contents Foreword Sally Crawford List of Contributors and Author Biographies Acknowledgements Introduction: Nineteenth Century Childhoods in Interdisciplinary and International Perspectives Jane Eva Baxter and Meredith Ellis Part 1: Children, Nationalism, and Dimensions of Identity The Manipulation of Indigenous Imagery to Represent Canadian Childhood and Nationhood in 19th Century Canada Loren Lerner Laying the foundation of ‘modern childhood’ in Russia: the child protection movement and the changing symbolic value of children, 1861-1917 Natalia Chernyaeva Imagining Futures: Margaret Fuller and Nathaniel Hawthorne on Women, Children, and History Gina Ocasion Part 2: Children on the Move: Immigration, Emigration, and Deportation British Children, Canadian Adults: Childhood Emigration to Canada in the Late-Nineteenth Century. Steven J. Taylor Transported beyond the Seas: Criminal Juveniles Emma Watkins Part 3: Children, Consumerism, and Advertising “He knows a good thing when he sees it!”: Advertising to Children in the U.S., 1850-1900 Jaclyn N. Schultz Creating Desire and Little Consumers: Doll Advertising in U.S. Newspapers, 1860-1900 Katherine Mumma and Jane Eva Baxter Part 4: Institutions for Children and Children in Institutions Education, Race and Nation-building in an Archipelago: Nineteenth-Century Bahamian Out Island Schools John Daniel Burton It Takes a Village: Raising Patriots in 19th-Century Romania Ana Fumurescu The Bedford Asylum: Building for the ‘Industrious Child’ in early-nineteenth century Dublin. Katherine Fennelly Nineteenth century institutional “education”: A spatial approach to assimilation and resistance at Hoopa Valley Indian School Paulina F. Przystupa Part 5: Children’s Bodies and Children’s Lives ‘The lowness of stature, the leanness and the paleness’: childhood nutritional health in 19th-century England Holly Hunt-Watts, University of Leeds A Tool for Moral Uplift: The Sacralization and Commemoration of a 19th-Century Child Actress Shauna Vey, NYC College of Technology/City University of New York The nineteenth century was a time when the world was becoming increasingly connected through global forces and networks. Colonial and capitalist expansion was bringing the world into closer contact while nationalism and forms of indigenous resistance were shaping and moulding the world on more local and regional scales. This dynamic environment was the backdrop for a time when childhood was becoming significantly elaborated as a cultural category of identity. Institutions, objects, and places specifically designed for children were multiplying at an unprecedented rate; writing about children in fiction and non-fiction became increasingly prolific; and the concern for children's health and well-being in life and death was paramount in many communities. Scholarship on the nineteenth century spans many disciplines and areas of interest and utilizes diverse and abundant source material to study a period recognized as foundational for our modern, globalized world. This volume brings together scholars from archaeology, art history, bioarchaeology, educational history, history, literary studies, and theater history to present studies of nineteenth century children and childhood in Australia, the Bahamas, Canada, England, Ireland, Native North America, Romania, Russia, and the United States. The interdisciplinary focus of this volume illustrates the wealth of sources, methods, and perspectives that can be used to develop our understandings of childhood in the nineteenth century, and the international scope of the studies offers a platform to engage commonalities in an increasingly globalized world alongside an appreciation for local, regional, and national variations in the cultural creation and experiences of childhood. This new volume in the Childhood in the Past series takes an interdisciplinary view of the changing role, status, identity, and health of children in the nineteenth century. Case studies are presented at an international level but also at more regional and local scales providing a fascinating insight into changing cultural and social atttudes to children and their life experiences in a period of dynamic social and esconomic change. Will be of interest to a wide range of scholars including archaeologists, social historians, art historians, and researchers into the history of education on a global scale. Archaeology by period / region Cover 1 Book Title 4 Copyright 5 Contents 6 List of contributors 8 Acknowledgements 11 Introduction: 19th century childhoods in interdisciplinary and international perspectives: Jane Eva Baxter and Meredith Ellis 12 Part 1: Children, nationalism and dimensions of identity 24 1. The manipulation of indigenous imagery to represent Canadian childhood and nationhood in 19th century Canada: Loren Lerner 26 2. Laying the foundation of “modern childhood” in Russia: the “protection of motherhood and infancy” movement, 1890–1917: Natalia Chernyaeva 45 3. Imagining futures: Margaret Fuller and Nathaniel Hawthorne women, children and history: Gina Ocasion 60 Part 2: Children on the move: immigration, emigration and deportation 72 4. Becoming Canadian adults: British childhood emigration to Canada in the late 19th century: Steven J. Taylor 74 5. Transported beyond the seas: criminal juveniles: Emma Watkins 86 Part 3: Children, consumerism and advertising 100 6. “He knows a good thing when he sees it!”: advertising to children in the U.S., 1850–1900: Jaclyn N. Schultz 102 7. Creating desire and little consumers: doll advertising in U.S. newspapers, 1860–1900: Katherine Mumma and Jane Eva Baxter 118 Part 4: Institutions for children and children in institutions 136 8. Education, race and nation-building in an archipelago: 19th century Bahamian Out Island schools: John Burton 138 9. It takes a village: raising patriots in 19th century Romania: Ana Fumurescu 150 10. The Bedford Asylum: building for the “Industrious Child” in early 19th century Dublin: Katherine Fennelly 164 11. Nineteenth century institutional “education”: a spatial approach to assimilation and resistance at Hoopa Valley Indian School: Paulina F. Przystupa 177 Part 5: Children’s bodies and children’s lives 190 12. “The lowness of stature, the leanness and the paleness”: childhood nutritional health in 19th century England: Holly Hunt-Watts, Janet Cade and Dawn M. Hadley 192 13. A tool for moral uplift: the sacralization and commemoration of a 19th century child actress: Shauna Vey 212 Back Cover 226 Children, Nationalism And Dimensions Of Identity -- Children On The Move: Immigration, Emigration And Deportation -- Children, Consumerism And Advertising -- Institutions For Children And Children In Institutions -- Children's Bodies And Children's Lives. Edited By Jane Eva Baxter And Meredith A.b. Ellis. This Volume Has Its Roots In The Society Of The Study Of Childhood In The Past (sscip) 8th Annual International Conference Held At Depaul University In 2015.--page X. Includes Bibliographical References. This new volume in the Childhood in the Past series examines a range of sources, methods and perspectives for developing an understanding of the changing role, status, identity and health of children around the world during the nineteenth century.