New forms of governance in research organizations : disciplinary approaches, interfaces and integration

Higher education and research institutions are confronted with changing and sometimes contradictory claims from state, industry and society, today. They have to face growing volatility and an acceleration and internationalization of the knowledge process. This book undertakes to develop a sector specific theory of governance of the public research sector and applies it to the German research system. The book is the outcome of a large interdisciplinary project. It analyzes the reforms in the German research system from an integrated perspective of law, economics and social sciences. The case of Germany is compared to reforms in other European countries such as Austria, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The study emphasizes an integrated approach considering the research function of universities as well as the non-university research sector. The focus is on the integration of external and internal governance. First, we pose the question how external competition and control mechanisms do influence internal governance of research institutions and universities and vice versa. Second, we discuss the consequences of these impacts on research Table of Contents......Page 5 Table of Figures......Page 10 Table Index......Page 11 Introduction......Page 12 I. Governance – A Political Science Perspective......Page 17 Ia. Governance in Connected Arenas – Political Science Analysis of Coordination and Control in Complex Rule Systems......Page 18 Ib. Governance of Research – Nine Comments on Arthur Benz......Page 38 Ic. Comment – An Organizational Economics View......Page 41 II. Governance – A Legal Perspective......Page 44 IIa. Governance Reflected in Political Science and Jurisprudence......Page 45 IIb. Governance: Interrelationships and Open Questions – Comments on the Article by Gunnar Folke Schuppert......Page 68 IIc. The Role of the State and Private Actors in Governance – Comments on Gunnar Folke Schuppert from a Sociological Perspective......Page 75 III. Governance – A Sociological Perspective......Page 81 IIIa. Governance from a Sociological Perspective......Page 82 IIIb. Governance and Compliance – A Comment on Rafael Wittek......Page 107 IIIc. Comment on Rafael Wittek......Page 111 IV. Governance – An Integrated Theory......Page 115 IVa. Governance of Research – Working towards Interdisciplinary Concepts......Page 116 Section B......Page 141 1. The governance equalizer......Page 142 2. Governance changes in the four countries......Page 145 3. Comparative conclusions......Page 153 References......Page 156 1. On the relationship between legal and non-legal forms of coordination of action......Page 159 2. Governance modes from the perspective of law......Page 162 3. Development trends in the constitution of higher education institutions......Page 167 4. Conclusion......Page 174 References......Page 175 Laws......Page 176 1. The meaning of governance for jurisprudence......Page 179 3. The necessity of an empirical investigation: interviews in the institutions......Page 180 4. Conclusion and prospects......Page 186 References......Page 187 IV. Analysis of Heterogeneous Collaboration in the German Research System with a Focus on Nanotechnology......Page 189 1. Introduction......Page 190 2. Recent institutional dynamics in the German research system......Page 191 3. Why heterogeneous collaboration is important in the German research system: the case of nano S&T......Page 194 4. Collaborative research activities in nano S&T......Page 196 5. Rationales for research collaboration......Page 199 6. Institutional factors conducive to heterogeneous research collaboration......Page 201 7. Institutional factors interfering with heterogeneous research collaboration......Page 204 8. Conclusion and discussion......Page 206 References......Page 208 1. Introduction......Page 211 2. Reforms in the German research system......Page 213 3. New governance of research – state of the art......Page 214 4. The changing governance of research at the micro-level: research questions and hypotheses......Page 216 5. Research design and methods......Page 217 6. Results......Page 220 7. Conclusion and discussion......Page 225 References......Page 227 1. The changing governance of the German research system......Page 231 2. Advancement of the governance model......Page 234 H......Page 239 U......Page 240