عصب‌شناسی و هوش محاسباتی

This book covers different topics from neuroscience and computational intelligence, including semantic and concept modeling, general neuroscience topics, reasoning and knowledge modeling, and topics from clinical neuroscience. Section 1 focuses on semantic and concept modeling, describing automatic concept extraction in semantic summarization process, a further analysis of taxonomic links in conceptual modelling, a general knowledge representation model of concepts, intelligent information access based on logical semantic binding method, and automatic concept extraction in semantic summarization process. Section 2 focuses on general neuroscience topics, describing the philosophy and neuroscience movement, the creativity as central to critical reasoning and the facilitative role of moral education, the information infrastructure for cooperative research in neuroscience, and computational intelligence and neuroscience in neurorobotics. Section 3 focuses on reasoning and knowledge modeling, describing knowledge representation in a proof checker for logic programs, episodic reasoning for vision-based human action recognition, a knowledge representation formalism for semantic business process management, and gaining knowledge from imperfect data. Section 4 focuses on clinical neuroscience, describing neuroscience and unconscious processes, validating new technologies to treat depression, pain and the feeling of sentient beings, Alzheimer’s disease as an adaptability disorder and what role does happiness have in treatment, management and prevention, as well as how neuroscience relates to hearing aid amplification and social cognition through the lens of cognitive and clinical neuroscience. Cover Title Page Copyright DECLARATION ABOUT THE EDITOR TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Contributors List of Abbreviations Preface Section 1: Semantic and Conceptual Modeling Chapter 1 Automatic Concept Extraction in Semantic Summarization Process Introduction Personalized Searching Framework Inside Summarization Related Works in Automatic Text Summarization Applications Using Wikipedia and WordNet in Our Project System Architecture Considerations Listing 6.16: I primi dieci articoli che rappresentano il doctunento [MW08]. References Chapter 2 That IS-IN Isn’t IS-A: A Further Analysis of Taxonomic Links in Conceptual Modelling Introduction The Different Meanings for the IS-A Relation The IS-IN relation Conceptual Structures That IS-IN Isn’t IS-A Intensionality in Possible Worlds Semantic Approach Conclusion References Chapter 3 A General Knowledge Representation Model of Concepts Introduction What Is Knowledge? Concepts, Skills and Their Acquisition A Model for the Representation of Concepts and Skills in Different Contexts Application of the MM in an Advanced Learning Environment Summary Acknowledgment References Chapter 4 Intelligent Information Access Based on Logical Semantic Binding Method Introduction Syntax-Semantic Formalism Knowledge Representation Logical Semantic Binding Inference Engine Intelligent Information Access Discussion and Conclusion References Section 2: General Neuroscience Topics Chapter 5 The Philosophy and Neuroscience Movement Abstract Introduction Neuroscience and the Philosophy of Science Reduction versus Elimination Data and Theory in Neuroscience Neural Representation and Computation Visuomotor Transformation Color Vision Consciousness Conclusion References Chapter 6 Creativity as Central to Critical Reasoning and the Facilitative Role of Moral Education: Utilizing Insights from Neuroscience Abstract Introduction Linking Creativity and Critical Reasoning in Australian Educational Documentation Neuroscience: Literary Evidence of the Centrality of Creativity Creativity, Imagination and Wonder The Role of Moral Education in Cultivating Creativity Creativity and Critical Reasoning: Evidence from the Australian Values Education Program Conclusion References Chapter 7 Information Infrastructure for Cooperative Research in Neuroscience Abstract Introduction EEG.pl Open Repository Semantic Aware Search Conclusion Acknowledgments References Chapter 8 Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience in Neurorobotics Acknowledgments Introduction An Overview of the Main Components of the Proof Checker Knowledge Representation Schematic View of the Interaction of the Main Components System Interface Results Conclusions References Section 3: Reasoning and Knowledge Modeling Chapter 9 Knowledge Representation in a Proof Checker for Logic Programs Chapter 10 Episodic Reasoning for Vision-Based Human Action Recognition Abstract Introduction Previous Work Leveraging Common Sense A Semantic Model for Human Action Recognition System Implementation Experimental Validation Conclusions Acknowledgment References Chapter 11 A Knowledge Representation Formalism for Semantic Business Process Management Introduction Semantic Business Process Management at a Glance Static/Dynamic Knowledge Representation Framework An Example: Representing Ontologies and a Process Schemas in the Medical Domain Semantic Information Extraction References Chapter 12 Knowledge in Imperfect Data Introduction A Taxonomy of Data Preparation Task of Data Preparation The Application of the Selected opeRations of the Industrial Data Preparation Methodology Conclusion Notes References Section 4: Clinical Neuroscience Chapter 13 Neuroscience, Unconscious processes: Clinical Applications Abstract Introduction The Unconscious Process of Neural Circuits and Neuropsychology The Structural Theory and Neuroscience Clinical Manifestations of Unconscious Processes Conclusion Acknowledgements References Chapter 14 Validating New Technologies to Treat Depression, Pain and The Feeling of Sentient Beings: A Reply to “Neuroscience for The Soul” Abstract Introduction The Discovery Responding to the Antithesis Arguments: The Terminology Responding to the Antithesis Arguments: Specific Applications Responding to the Antithesis Arguments: The Issues of Replication, Confounding Variables and Construct Validity Responding to the Antithesis Arguments: Importance of Mechanisms and Theory Conclusion Acknowledgements References Chapter 15 Erratum to “Is Alzheimer’s Disease an Adaptability Disorder? What Role Does Happiness Have in Treatment, Management and Prevention” [World Journal of Neuroscience 5 (2015) 180-188] Abstract Aim Introduction Happiness and Advocacy Conclusion References Chapter 16 How Neuroscience Relates to Hearing Aid Amplification Abstract Introduction Upstream, Downstream, and Integrated Stages Putting It All Together Acknowledgments References Chapter 17 Social Cognition Through the Lens of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience Abstract Making Sense of Others’ Behavior with Social Cognition Three Main Domains of Social Cognition Age-Related Changes in Social Cognition Altered Social Cognition in Neurodegenerative Diseases Conclusions References Index Back Cover