Neuropathology of drug addictions and substance misuse. Volume 2, Stimulants, club and dissociative drugs, hallucinogens, steroids, inhalants, and international aspects

__Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse, Volume 2: Stimulants, Club and Dissociative Drugs, Hallucinogens, Steroids, Inhalants and International Aspects__ is the second of three volumes in this informative series and offers a comprehensive examination of the adverse consequences of the most common drugs of abuse. Each volume serves to update the reader’s knowledge on the broader field of addiction as well as to deepen understanding of specific addictive substances. __Volume 2__ addresses stimulants, club and dissociative drugs, hallucinogens, and inhalants and solvents. Each section provides data on the general, molecular and cellular, and structural and functional neurological aspects of a given substance, with a focus on the adverse consequences of addictions. Research shows that the neuropathological features of one addiction are often applicable to those of others, and understanding these commonalties provides a platform for studying specific addictions in more depth and may ultimately lead researchers toward new modes of understanding, causation, prevention, and treatment. However, marshalling data on the complex relationships between addictions is difficult due to the myriad material and substances. * Offers a modern approach to understanding the pathology of substances of abuse, offering an evidence-based ethos for understanding the neurology of addictions * Fills an existing gap in the literature by serving as a “one-stop-shopping” synopsis of everything to do with the neuropathology of drugs of addiction and substance misuse * Includes in each chapter: list of abbreviations, abstract, introduction, applications to other addictions and substance misuse, mini-dictionary of terms, summary points, 6+ figures and tables, and full references * Offers coverage of preclinical, clinical, and population studies, from the cell to whole organs, and from the genome to whole body Content: Front Matter,Copyright,List of Contributors,Preface,AcknowledgmentsEntitled to full textPart I: StimulantsSection A: General AspectsChapter 1 - Cocaine: Usage, Misuse, and Addiction Processes. An Overview, Pages 5-13, Derek P. Simon, Mary Jeanne Kreek Chapter 2 - Amphetamine Usage, Misuse, and Addiction Processes: An Overview, Pages 14-24, Nicola Simola, Manolo Carta Chapter 3 - Mephedrone: An Overview of Its Neurotoxic Potential, Pages 25-35, Mariana Angoa-Pérez, Donald M. Kuhn Chapter 4 - Cocaine and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Pages 39-47, Lisia von Diemen, Giovana Brolese, Marianne Possa, Silvia Bassani Schuch, Anne Orgler Sordi Chapter 5 - On the Role of the Endocannabinoid System in Cocaine Addiction, Pages 48-62, Przemysław Adamczyk, Mariusz Papp Chapter 6 - The Fas Receptor/Fas-Associated Protein and Cocaine, Pages 63-73, M. Julia García-Fuster, María Álvaro-Bartolomé, Jesús A. García-Sevilla Chapter 7 - Cocaine and Neuromolecular Imaging of Neurotransmitters in the Brain: BRODERICK PROBE® Laurate Nanobiosensors in Mesocorticolimbic Neurons and the Nucleus Accumbens: Sex and Genes, Pages 74-85, Patricia A. Broderick Chapter 8 - Metabotropic Glutamate 5 Modulators: Potential Agents for Treating Cocaine Addiction, Pages 86-96, Christina J. Perry, Andrew J. Lawrence Chapter 9 - Neuronal and Behavioral Effects of Amphetamine in Caenorhabditis elegans, Pages 97-107, Lucia Carvelli Chapter 10 - Amphetamines Activate G-Protein Coupled Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 (TAAR1): Implications for Understanding and Treating Psychostimulant Abuse, Pages 108-116, David K. Grandy Chapter 11 - Amphetamine and Signal Detection, Pages 117-125, Matthew E. Andrzejewski, Nicole Holder Chapter 12 - The Effects of Amphetamine and Methamphetamine on Brain Activity-Related Immediate Early Gene Expression, Pages 126-136, Peter R. Kufahl, Elisabeth Moore, M. Foster Olive Chapter 13 - Methamphetamine-Induced Behavioral Abnormalities and Neuronal Apoptosis, Pages 137-146, Tomohiro Abekawa Chapter 14 - Methamphetamine and the JAK/STAT Pathway, Pages 147-154, Joana Gonçalves, Ana Paula Silva Chapter 15 - Methamphetamine and the Blood–Brain Barrier, Pages 155-168, Ricardo Alexandre Leitão, Vanessa Coelho-Santos, Ana Paula Silva Chapter 16 - Melatonin Receptors as Modulators of Methamphetamine-Mediated Behaviors, Pages 169-180, Shannon J. Clough, Anthony J. Hutchinson, Margarita L. Dubocovich Chapter 17 - Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity and the Ubiquitin–Proteasome System, Pages 181-188, Anna Moszczynska Chapter 18 - Methamphetamine and Neuronal Nitric Oxide, Pages 189-195, Chitra D. Mandyam Chapter 19 - Candidate Genes of Chromosome 18q21, Methamphetamine, and Psychosis, Pages 196-205, Byung Dae Lee Chapter 20 - Structural and Functional Aspects of Stimulant Misuse and Addiction, Pages 209-219, Alfonso Barrós-Loscertales Chapter 21 - Sleep and Cocaine, Pages 220-228, Gustavo A. Angarita, Sofija V. Canavan, Sarah E. Hodges, Peter T. Morgan Chapter 22 - Motivations for Use of Crack Cocaine, Pages 229-236, Alissa M. Greer, Gina Martin, Chantele Joordens, Scott Macdonald Chapter 23 - Cocaine and Postmortem Levels in Neurological Tissues, Pages 237-244, Eduardo Alvear Serrano, Dietrich von Baer, Claudia Mardones, Carola Vergara Rosales Chapter 24 - Cerebral Gray Matter Volumes in Cocaine Dependence: Clinical and Functional Implications, Pages 245-256, Chiang-Shan R. Li Chapter 25 - The Rise of the Ego: Social Cognition and Interaction in Cocaine Users, Pages 257-268, Boris B. Quednow Chapter 26 - Amphetamine-Induced Psychosis, Pages 269-280, Vahid Farnia, Senobar Golshani Chapter 27 - The Role of Environmental Context in Amphetamine Abuse, Pages 281-291, Daniela F. Fukushiro, Laís F. Berro, Renan Santos-Baldaia, André W. Hollais, Raphael Wuo-Silva Chapter 28 - Adolescent Exposure to Amphetamines and Vulnerability to Addiction, Pages 292-299, Emily R. Hankosky, Joshua M. Gulley Chapter 29 - The Effect of Oxytocin on Methamphetamine Addiction, Pages 300-308, Chun-Fu Wu, Jing-Yu Yang, Fang Wang Chapter 30 - Peripheral Influences of Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity, Pages 309-319, Amanda L. Blaker, Nicole A. Northrop, Bryan K. Yamamoto Chapter 31 - Methamphetamine-Induced Hyperlocomotion: A Focus on the Role of the Prefrontal Serotonergic System, Pages 320-328, Yukio Ago, Kazuhiro Takuma, Toshio Matsuda Chapter 32 - 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Methamphetamine, Pages 329-335, Fleur Margaret Howells Chapter 33 - Neuropsychological Aspects of Methamphetamine Use Disorders and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease, Pages 336-345, Erin E. Morgan, Jennifer E. Iudicello, Erica Weber, Steven Paul Woods Chapter 34 - Quantitative Colorimetric Assays for Methamphetamine, Pages 349-359, Aree Choodum, Niamh NicDaeid Chapter 35 - Assays for Methamphetamine and Amphetamine in Blood, Pages 360-374, Takeshi Kumazawa Chapter 36 - Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate Abuse and Dependence, Pages 379-387, Martijn van Noorden, Rama Kamal, Boukje Dijkstra, T.M. Brunt, Cor de Jong Chapter 37 - Effects of Club Drugs on Dopaminergic and Serotonergic Systems: Use of [18F]FDOPA, [99mTc]TRODAT-1, and [I∗]ADAM, Pages 391-405, Skye Hsin-Hsien Yeh, Chun-Kai Fang, Jeng-Jong Hwang Chapter 38 - MDMA and Glutamate: Implications for Hippocampal Neurotoxicity, Pages 406-414, John H. Anneken, Stuart A. Collins, Bryan K. Yamamoto, Gary A. Gudelsky Chapter 39 - MDMA (Ecstasy) and Gene Expression in the Brain: An Overview of Microarray and Candidate Gene Studies Assessing Transcriptional Changes in Rodents, Pages 415-430, Noelia Fernàndez-Castillo, Marta Ribasés, Bru Cormand Chapter 40 - Mitochondrial Trails in the Neurotoxic Mechanisms of MDMA, Pages 431-444, Daniel José Barbosa, João Paulo Capela, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Félix Carvalho Chapter 41 - Flunitrazepam–Membrane Binding: A Sensor for Drug-Induced GABAA-R and Membrane Structure Changes, Pages 445-452, Anahí V. Turina, Daniel A. García, Maria A. Perillo Chapter 42 - Neurotoxicity due to Repeated Comas Following Excessive Use of Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid, Pages 453-459, J.G.C. van Amsterdam, T.M. Brunt, M.T.B. McMaster, W. van den Brink Chapter 43 - The Behavioral Effects of MDMA in Humans Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions, Pages 463-472, Matthew Kirkpatrick, Casey Guillot, Carl Hart Chapter 44 - Recreational Use of Ecstasy (MDMA) and Hippocampal Memory: A Focus on Imaging, Pages 473-483, Christian Montag, Benjamin Becker Chapter 45 - Catalepsy and Comparing Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate, 1,4-Butanediol, and Gamma-Butyrolactone, Pages 484-490, Siripan Phattanarudee, Timothy J. Maher, Pasarapa Towiwat Chapter 46 - Epidemiology of Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Use and Misuse and Characteristics of GHB-Dependent Inpatients, Pages 491-499, T.M. Brunt, Martijn van Noorden, Rama Kamal, Boukje Dijkstra, Cor de Jong Chapter 47 - Assays for MDMA and Its Metabolites, Pages 503-512, Bardia Jamali, Meshkat Torkamanian, Nima Badri, Behjat Sheikholeslami, Yalda Hosseinzadeh Ardakani, Mohammad-Reza Rouini Chapter 48 - Assays for Flunitrazepam, Pages 513-528, Béla Kiss, Ede Bodoki, Anca Pop, Felicia Loghin Chapter 49 - Detection of GHB by Optical Methods, Pages 529-535, Wang Xu, Duanting Zhai, Young-Tae Chang Chapter 50 - Ketamine Analgesia, Pages 541-550, Linda C.J. Oudejans, Monique van Velzen, Albert Dahan Chapter 51 - The Plant Salvia divinorum (Lamiaceae)—Chemistry and Pharmacology, Pages 551-560, Adam W. Keasling, Jordan K. Zjawiony Chapter 52 - Pathophysiology of Ketamine Neurotoxicity: An Overview, Pages 563-572, Mustafa Aydin, Ugur Deveci Chapter 53 - Neurometabolic Profiling of Ketamine: Changes in Neurotransmitter Pools, Pages 573-580, Antonio Napolitano, Martina Andellini Chapter 54 - Impact of Early Life Ketamine Exposure on the Developing Brain and Cognitive Sequelae: A Discussion of Apoptotic Neurodegeneration Mechanisms, Pages 581-592, Saurabh S. Kokane, Qing Lin Chapter 55 - Phencyclidine (Also Called Angel Dust or PCP) and the Firing Activity of Neurons, Pages 593-603, Eiichi Jodo Chapter 56 - Phencyclidine (Angel Dust, PCP) and Fos Immunoreactivity, Pages 604-613, Hideko Yamamoto, Wakako Sawada, Etsuko Kamegaya, Yoko Hagino, Kazutaka Ikeda, Ichiro Sora, Masayoshi Mishina, Toshifumi Yamamoto Chapter 57 - Effect of Phencyclidine on Neuregulin Expression, Cortical Interneurons, and Redox Dysregulation, Pages 614-624, Nataša Petronijević, Nevena V. Radonjić Chapter 58 - Involvement of Glutamate Transporters in Neuropathology of Phencyclidine Abuse, Pages 625-635, Akihiro Mouri, Hirotake Hida, Yukihiro Noda Chapter 59 - Antidepressant and Abuse Potential of Ketamine, Pages 639-648, H.W.W. Hasselmann Chapter 60 - Ketamine and the Dissociatives: Comparisons with Schizophrenia, Pages 649-660, Joel Frohlich, John Darrell Van Horn Chapter 61 - Ketamine Mediates Psychosis through the Medial Septum, Hippocampus, and Nucleus Accumbens, Pages 661-671, L. Stan Leung, Jingyi Ma Chapter 62 - Recreational Use of Ketamine and Its Interaction with NMDA Receptors, Pages 672-680, Luís Félix, Luís Antunes, Sónia Campos, Carlos Venâncio, Ana Maria Coimbra Chapter 63 - Ketamine Usage at Subanesthetic Doses and Psychoactive Effects, Pages 681-688, Daniel Flack, Elias Dakwar Chapter 64 - The Acute and Chronic Effects of Ketamine as Revealed by Noninvasive Brain Imaging, Pages 689-702, Meng Li, Martin Walter Chapter 65 - Psychosis Induced by Phencyclidine (Also Called PCP or Angel Dust), Pages 703-713, Tadahiro Katayama, Yoshiaki Suzuki, Eiichi Jodo Chapter 66 - Serotonin Projections, the Dorsal and Median Raphe Nuclei, and Phencyclidine (Also Called Angel Dust or PCP), Pages 714-722, Snezana Kusljic, Wendy Adams, Maarten van den Buuse Chapter 67 - Phencyclidine (PCP)–Induced Deficits in Novel Object Recognition, Pages 723-732, Nichole M. Neugebauer, Lakshmi Rajagopal, Mei Huang, Herbert Y. Meltzer Chapter 68 - Behavioral and Psychological Effects of Salvia divinorum: A Focus on Self-Reported Subjective Acute Behavioral Effects and Laboratory Studies, Pages 733-738, Peter H. Addy Chapter 69 - The Widely Available Hallucinogenic Plant Salvia divinorum and Its Main Component, Salvinorin A: A Unique κ-Opioid Receptor (KOP-r) Agonist with Powerful Behavioral and Neurobiological Effects, Pages 739-746, Eduardo R. Butelman, Mary Jeanne Kreek Chapter 70 - Enzyme Immunoassay for Salvinorin A (a Main Component in Salvia divinorum), Pages 749-756, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Madan Kumar Paudel, Osamu Shirota, Kaori Sasaki-Tabata, Setsuko Sekita, Satoshi Morimoto Chapter 71 - Hallucinogenic Plants in the Mediterranean Countries, Pages 761-772, Ioannis D. Passos, Maria Mironidou-Tzouveleki Chapter 72 - Use of LSD by Mental Health Professionals, Pages 773-781, Petr Winkler, Ingmar Gorman, Rita Kočárová Chapter 73 - Neurobiology of the Effects of Psilocybin in Relation to Its Potential Therapeutic Targets, Pages 782-793, Filip Tyls, Tomas Palenicek, Jiri Horacek Chapter 74 - A Profile of Those Who Use Hallucinogenic Mushrooms, Pages 794-800, Mitchell G. Spring, Rory D. Ostrow, Robert M. Hallock Chapter 75 - Molecular and Cellular Basis of Hallucinogen Action, Pages 803-812, James B. Hanks, Javier González-Maeso Chapter 76 - Hallucinogens: Circuits, Behavior, and Translational Models, Pages 813-820, James B. Hanks, Javier González-Maeso Chapter 77 - Hippocampal Neurogenesis: Effects of Psychedelic Drugs, Pages 821-831, Briony J. Catlow, Ahmad Jalloh, Juan Sanchez-Ramos Chapter 78 - Lysergic Acid Diethylamide and Mystical Experiences, Pages 835-845, Michael Lyvers Chapter 79 - Tolerance to Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: Overview, Correlates, and Clinical Implications, Pages 846-858, T. Buchborn, G. Grecksch, D.C. Dieterich, V. Höllt Chapter 80 - Schizophrenia Modeling Using Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Pages 859-865, Charles D. Nichols Chapter 81 - Psilocybin and Peak Experiences, Pages 866-874, Jennifer Lyke Chapter 82 - Psilocybin as an Inducer of Ego Death and Similar Experiences of Religious Provenance, Pages 875-889, Katarzyna Stebelska, Krzysztof Łabuz Chapter 83 - Psilocybin, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Mescaline, and Drug-Induced Synesthesia, Pages 890-905, Berit Brogaard, Dimitria Electra Gatzia Chapter 84 - Assays for Detection of Fungal Hallucinogens Such as Psilocybin and Psilocin, Pages 909-926, Katarzyna Stebelska Chapter 85 - Inhalant Use Disorders in the United States, Pages 931-942, Scott E. Bowen, Matthew O. Howard, Eric L. Garland Chapter 86 - The Neuropathology of Adolescent Anabolic/Androgenic Steroid Abuse: Altered Development of the Reciprocal Hypothalamic Neural Circuit Controlling Aggressive Behavior, Pages 945-957, Richard H. Melloni Jr., Thomas R. Morrison, Lesley A. Ricci Chapter 87 - Addiction to, Neurobiology of, and Genetics of Inhalants, Pages 958-963, Rasmon Kalayasiri, Michael Maes Chapter 88 - The Effects of Abused Inhalants on Neurons Within the Addiction Neurocircuitry of the Brain, Pages 964-978, John J. Woodward, Jacob T. Beckley Chapter 89 - Anabolic Androgenic Steroids and Stroke, Pages 981-990, Carlos García Esperón, Elena López-Cancio M., Pablo García Bermejo, Antonio Dávalos E. Chapter 90 - Testosterone and Striatal Dopaminergic Neurotoxicity, Pages 991-997, Dean E. Dluzen Chapter 91 - Acute and Long-Term Toxicity Caused by Addictive Inhalation of Nitrous Oxide and Impact on Neuropathology, Pages 998-1003, Barbara Potocka-Banaś, Teresa Dembińska, Krzysztof Borowiak Chapter 92 - Toluene Abuse and White Matter Degeneration, Pages 1004-1011, Marc R. Del Bigio Chapter 93 - Chronic Toluene Exposure and the Hippocampal Structure in Adolescent and Adult Brains, Pages 1012-1021, Mzia Zhvania, Nadezhda Japaridze, Lela Chilachava, Lia Gelazonia, Nino Pochkhidze Chapter 94 - Addictions in India, Pages 1025-1035, Debasish Basu, Abhishek Ghosh, Siddharth Sarkar Chapter 95 - Correlates and Gender Differentials of Opium Use Among Tribal Communities, Pages 1036-1045, Himanshu K. Chaturvedi, Ram C. Bajpai, Arvind Pandey Chapter 96 - Genetic Aspects of Smoking Behavior in the Japanese Population, Pages 1046-1054, Naomi Sato, Tomonori Sato, Haruhiko Sugimura Chapter 97 - New Designer Drugs in Japan, Pages 1055-1065, Ruri Kikura-Hanajiri Chapter 98 - Addictions in South America, Pages 1066-1074, Martin Nizama-Valladolid Chapter 99 - Inhalant Drug Use and Street Youth: Ethnographic Insights from Mexico City∗, Pages 1075-1084, Roy Gigengack Chapter 100 - Illegal Stimulants Use in Brazil: Epidemiological Aspects and Possible Reasons for High Consumption of Crack/Cocaine and Amphetamine-type Stimulants, Pages 1085-1093, Renata Rigacci Abdalla, Raul Caetano, Luciana Massaro, Sandro Mitsuhiro, Ilana Pinsky, Ronaldo Ramos Laranjeira, Clarice Sandi Madruga Chapter 101 - Addiction in Thailand, Pages 1094-1100, Rasmon Kalayasiri Chapter 102 - Misuse of Benzodiazepines in France, Pages 1101-1111, Joëlle Micallef, Elisabeth Frauger, Maryse Lapeyre-Mestre Index, Pages 1113-1143

Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse, Volume 2: Stimulants, Club and Dissociative Drugs, Hallucinogens, Steroids, Inhalants and International Aspects is the second of three volumes in this informative series and offers a comprehensive examination of the adverse consequences of the most common drugs of abuse. Each volume serves to update the reader’s knowledge on the broader field of addiction as well as to deepen understanding of specific addictive substances. Volume 2 addresses stimulants, club and dissociative drugs, hallucinogens, and inhalants and solvents. Each section provides data on the general, molecular and cellular, and structural and functional neurological aspects of a given substance, with a focus on the adverse consequences of addictions.

Research shows that the neuropathological features of one addiction are often applicable to those of others, and understanding these commonalties provides a platform for studying specific addictions in more depth and may ultimately lead researchers toward new modes of understanding, causation, prevention, and treatment. However, marshalling data on the complex relationships between addictions is difficult due to the myriad material and substances.

• Offers a modern approach to understanding the pathology of substances of abuse, offering an evidence-based ethos for understanding the neurology of addictions
• Fills an existing gap in the literature by serving as a “one-stop-shopping” synopsis of everything to do with the neuropathology of drugs of addiction and substance misuse
• Includes in each chapter: list of abbreviations, abstract, introduction, applications to other addictions and substance misuse, mini-dictionary of terms, summary points, 6+ figures and tables, and full references
• Offers coverage of preclinical, clinical, and population studies, from the cell to whole organs, and from the genome to whole body