Near-Field Nano-Optics: From Basic Principles to Nano-Fabrication and Nano-Photonics (Lasers, Photonics, and Electro-Optics)

Conventional optical science and technology have been restricted by the diffraction limit from reducing the sizes of optical and photoruc devices to nanometric dimensions. Thus, the size of optical integrated circuits has been incompatible with that of their counterpart, integrated electronic circuits, which have much smaller dimensions. This book provides potential ideas and methods to overcome this difficulty. Near-field optics has developed very rapidly from around the middle 1980s after preliminary trials in the microwave frequency region, as proposed as early as 1928. At the early stages of this development, most technical efforts were devoted to realizing super-high-resolution optical microscopy beyond the diffraction limit. However, the possibility of exploiting the optical near-field, phenomenon of quasistatic electromagnetic interaction at subwavelength distances between nanometric particles has opened new ways to nanometric optical science and technology, and many applications to nanometric fabrication and manipulation have been proposed and implemented. Building on this historical background, this book describes recent progress in near-field optical science and technology, mainly using research of the author's groups. The title of this book, Near-Field Nano-Optics-From Basic Principles to Nano-Fabrication and Nano-Photonics, implies capabilities of the optical near­ field not only for imaging/microscopy, but also for fabrication/manipulation/proc­ essing on a nanometric scale. The book describes recent progress of near-field optical science and technology. The title of the book implies capabilities of optical near-field not only for imaging/microscopy but also for fabrication/manipulation/processing in nanometric scale. The authors introduce the differences between near-field optics and far-field optics from both an experimental and theoretical perspective. The book touches on a wide range of topics in near-field optics, and can be used both by the novice and experienced researcher already familiar with the subject, to connect the experimental with the theoretical aspects of near-field optics. Front Matter....Pages i-xii Introduction....Pages 1-42 Principles of Near-Field Optical Microscopy....Pages 43-61 Instrumentation....Pages 63-112 Fabrication of Probes....Pages 113-142 Imaging Experiments....Pages 143-178 Diagnostics and Spectroscopy of Photonic Devices and Materials....Pages 179-208 Fabrication and Manipulation....Pages 209-233 Optical Near-Field Theory....Pages 235-298 Theoretical Description of Near-Field Optical Microscope....Pages 299-380 Back Matter....Pages 381-386