Navigation and Tracking in Space. Analysis and Algorithms

Navigation and Tracking in Space: Analysis and Algorithms Contents Preface Introduction Background Scope of the Book Objectives Overview of the Book Preliminaries Linear Algebra Three-Dimensional Rotation Matrices Probability Motion of an Object in Space References Space Vehicle Dynamics Overview Reference Frames Earth-Centered Inertial Frame Earth-Centered Earth-Fixed Frame Topocentric Frame Solar Ecliptic Coordinate System Reference Frame Conversion Force Model Perturbation Forces Thrust State Space Model of Space Vehicles Earth Orbiting Satellites Launch Vehicle Reentry Vehicle Interplanetary Spacecraft References Observations Overview Ground-Based Observations Active and Passive Radio Observations Satellite Laser Ranging Very Long Baseline Interferometry Onboard Observations Angular Measurements to Celestial Objects Earth-Based Target Reference Measurement Range Measurement to Known Beacon GNSS Observations Dilution of Precision Inertial Navigation System Summary References Estimation Algorithms Overview Space Vehicle Navigation as an Estimation Problem Least Square Estimation and Batch Processing The Kalman Filter The Kalman Filter for Discrete Linear Systems Extended Kalman Filter Unscented Kalman Filter Computationally Efficient Unscented Kalman Filters Particle Filter Sequential Importance Sampling Particle Filter Variants Nonlinearity and Choice of Estimator Nonlinearity Index Nonlinearity and Estimator Performance Choosing the Right Estimation Algorithm MATLAB® Implementation of Estimation Algorithms EKF Implementation UKF Implementation SPUKF Implementation ESPUKF Implementation Particle Filter Implementation ESP-PF Implementation Summary References Navigation and Tracking of Satellites Overview Initial Position and Velocity Computation Satellite Navigation and Tracking Using Sequential Estimation System Model Satellite Position and Velocity Estimation Using Azimuth, Elevation, and Range Observation Satellite Position and Velocity Estimation Using Multi-GNSS Observation Factors Affecting Estimation Performance Example MATLAB Implementation of GPS-Based Satellite Navigation Precise Orbit Determination Real-Time Onboard Navigation and Other Practical Considerations References Navigation and Tracking During Launch and Reentry Overview Ground-Based Tracking of Reentry Vehicle Launch Vehicle Navigation Using GPS Reference Trajectory Generation Implementation of Sequential Estimator Example MATLAB Implementation of Launch Vehicle and Reentry Vehicle Position Estimation Reentry Vehicle Tracking GNSS-based Navigation of Launch Vehicle Practical Considerations References Navigation and Tracking in Lunar and Deep Space Missions Overview Challenges in Lunar and Deep Space Navigation Ground-Based Tracking of Spacecraft in Lunar Transfer Trajectory State Transition Matrix Partial Derivative of Measurements Delay in Observation Implementation of Navigation Algorithm Example MATLAB Implementation for Tracking a Spacecraft in Lunar Transfer Trajectory Summary and Future Directions References Appendix Anomalies Keplerian Elements to ECI Position and Velocity ECI Position and Velocity to Keplerian Elements Lambert Problem Nomenclature About the Authors Index