ناوبری در نظم‌های استعماری: کارآفرینی نروژی در آفریقا و اقیانوسیه

Norwegians In Colonial Africa And Oceania Had Varying Aspirations And Adapted In Different Ways To Changing Social, Political And Geographical Circumstances In Foreign, Colonial Settings. They Included Norwegian Shipowners, Captains, And Diplomats; Traders And Whalers Along The African Coast And In Antarctica; Large-scale Plantation Owners In Mozambique And Hawai'i; Big Business Men In South Africa; Jacks Of All Trades In The Solomon Islands; Timber Merchants On Zanzibar; Coffee Farmers In Kenya; And King Leopold's Footmen In Congo. This Collection Reveals Narratives Of The Colonial Era That Are Often Ignored Or Obscured By The National Histories Of Former Colonial Powers. It Charts The Entrepreneurial Routes Chosen By Various Norwegians And The Places They Ventured, While Demonstrating The Importance Of Recognizing The Complicity Of Such 'non-colonial Colonials' For Understanding The Complexity Of Colonial History--provided By Publisher. Preface / Kirsten Alsaker Kjerland -- List Of Contributors -- Norwegians Navigating Colonial Orders In Africa And Oceania : An Introduction / Bjørn Enge Bertelsen -- Swedish And Norwegian Shipping To South Africa, 1850-1914 / Knut M. Nygaard -- Long Haul Tramp Trade And Norwegian Sailing Ships In Africa, Australia And The Pacific, 1850-1920 : Captain Haave's Voyages / Gustav Sætra -- Liminal But Omnipotent : Thesen & Co. : Norwegian Migrants In The Cape Colony / Erlend Eidsvik -- Business Communication In Colonial Times : The Norway-east Africa Trading Company In Zanzibar, 1895-1925 / Anne K. Bang -- Three Black Labourers Did The Job Of Two Whites : African Labourers In Modern Norwegian Whaling / Dag Ingemar Børresen -- The Consular Affairs Issue And Colonialism / Svein Ivar Angell -- Norwegian Shipping And Landfall In The South Sea In The Age Of Sail / Edvard Hviding -- Adventurous Adaptability In The South Sea : Norwegians In The Terrible Solomons, Ca. 1870-1930 / Edvard Hviding -- Norwegians In The Cook Islands : The Legacy Of Captain Reinert G. Jonassen (1866-1915) : Trader, Musician, Navigator, Diplomat And Good Samaritan / Jon Tikivanotau Michael Jonassen -- From Adventure To Industry And Nation-making : The History Of A Norwegian Sugar Plantation In Hawai'i / Knut M. Rio -- Scandinavians In Colonial Trading Companies And Capital-intensive Networks : The Case Of Christian Thams / Elsa Reiersen -- Colonialism In Norwegian And Portuguese : The Plantation Madal In Mozambique / Bjørn Enge Bertelsen -- Norwegian Investors And Their Agents In Colonial Kenya / Kirsten Alsaker Kjerland -- Scandinavian Agents And Entrepreneurs In The Scramble For Ethnographica During Colonial Expansion In The Congo / Espen Wæhle -- Afterword / Peter Vale. Edited By Kirsten Alsaker Kjerland And Bjørn Enge Bertelsen. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.