Natural and Man-Made Hazards : Proceedings of the International Symposium held at Rimouski, Quebec, Canada, 3--9 August, 1986

In recent years, several major natural and man-made hazards have challenged scientists, government officials and the public in general: earthquakes, major volcanic and other seismic eruptions in Mount St. Helens, EI Chichon, Mexico city, Nevado del Ruiz, Japan, Italy, Greece, Cameroon and many other places on our globe; Tsunami in the Pacific Ocean and deadly storm surges along the coasts of India, Bangladesh and Japan; Cyclones, floods, thunderstorms, snow storms, tornadoes, drought, desertification and other climatic catastrophes; Amoco-Cadiz oil spill accident (France), Three-Mile Island (U. S. A. ) and Chernobyl (U. S. S. R. ) nuclear accidents, Bhopal chemical accident (India), acid rain (Canada, U. S. A. ) and other technological disasters. Such hazards have snuffed out millions of lives, infli Front Matter....Pages i-xi Front Matter....Pages 1-1 The Importance of Similarities Among Multiple Hazard Phenomena....Pages 3-7 Modelling Of Relationship Between Natural and Man-Made Hazards....Pages 9-17 Front Matter....Pages 19-19 Hazards from Mass Movements in Mountain Regions....Pages 21-41 Earthquake Hazard and Risk in Canada....Pages 43-61 The 1985 Mexico Earthquake....Pages 63-79 Seismic Ground Motion and Damage Caused by Large Earthquakes in Nagoya, Japan....Pages 81-93 Seismic Risk Analysis Using Both Earthquake Data and Active Fault Data....Pages 95-108 A New Approach for a Quick Estimation of the Seismic Moment, Magnitude Mm?....Pages 109-124 The Effects of Seismic Activity on the Soils of the Charlevoix Area—Quebec, Canada....Pages 125-136 Evidence of the Occurrence and Magnitude of Terrestrial Landslides in Recent Saguenay Fjord Sediments....Pages 137-145 An Appraisal of Recent Geologic and Hydrologic Hazards in Nigeria....Pages 147-159 Front Matter....Pages 161-161 Tsunami Research—A Review and New Concepts....Pages 163-170 Historical Tsunamis in the Pacific Basin....Pages 171-181 Risk Assessment of the Tsunami Hazard....Pages 183-191 High Energy Sedimentation in French Polynesia: Cyclone or Tsunami?....Pages 193-199 Tsunami Hazards in the St. Lawrence Estuary, Canada....Pages 201-213 Numerical Modelling of Atoll Reef Harbors....Pages 215-225 Long Wave Trapping by Axisymmetric Topographies....Pages 227-238 Mathematical Modelling of Global Storm Surges Problems....Pages 239-255 Storm Surges Along the East Coast of India....Pages 257-277 Front Matter....Pages 161-161 Historical Changes of Storm Surge Disasters in Osaka....Pages 279-303 Negative Storm Surges on Canada’s East Coast....Pages 305-316 Front Matter....Pages 317-317 Drought: A Global Perspective....Pages 319-335 Hazards of Floods and Droughts in India....Pages 337-356 Review of Statistical Methods for Estimating Flood Risk with Special Emphasis on the Log Pearson Type 3 Distribution....Pages 357-367 Variation in the Indus River Discharges and their Hazards....Pages 369-375 Modelling the Natural and Anthropogenic Variations of the St. Lawrence Water Level....Pages 377-394 Choice of Water Level Elevation for the Design of Coastal Structures....Pages 395-410 A Hindcast of Winds, Waves, Water Levels, and Currents During Hurricane Gloria....Pages 411-426 Front Matter....Pages 427-427 Edge Waves and Ice Ride-Up On Shorelines....Pages 429-434 Iceberg Movement Prediction off the Canadian East Coast....Pages 435-462 Front Matter....Pages 463-463 Case Studies of Recent Environmental Hazards in the Eastern Mediterranean and Red Sea....Pages 465-475 Productivity of the South Eastern Mediterranean....Pages 477-498 Man-Made Environmental Changes in the Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, and their Possible Impact on Inshore Fisheries....Pages 499-523 Effects on Mediterranean Lagoon Macrobenthos of a River Diversion: Assessment and Analytical Review....Pages 525-546 Natural and Anthropogenic Changes in the Bay of Fundy — Gulf of Maine — Georges Bank System....Pages 547-560 Front Matter....Pages 561-561 Problems of Sewage Pollution in Alexandria, Egypt....Pages 563-574 Oil Spill in the St. Lawrence Estuary: A Preliminary Approach to a Risk Estimation Model....Pages 575-588 Geotoxicology: Are Thermal Mercury and Sulfur Emissions Hazardous to Health?....Pages 589-597 Response to Accidental Release of Toxic Chemicals into the Atmosphere Using—AQPAC....Pages 599-608 Front Matter....Pages 561-561 Remote Sensing of Aerosol Size Distribution....Pages 609-618 Front Matter....Pages 619-619 Climatic Catastrophes: The Local and Global Effects of Greenhouse Gases and Nuclear Winter....Pages 621-633 On the Effects of Increased Carbon Dioxide in the Atmosphere on Temperature and Precipitation in Western Canada....Pages 635-642 The Interactive Effects of Large Injections of Smoke, Dust and No x on Atmospheric Temperature and Ozone Structure and Surface Climate....Pages 643-668 A Regional Study of Impacts on Residential Heating Energy Requirements Due to C0 2 Induced Climate Change in Ontario....Pages 669-682 Acid Precipitation: a Catastrophic Threat to the Environment....Pages 683-694 Numerical Simulation of the Transport of Radioactive Cloud from the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident....Pages 695-708 Estimation of the Wind Hazard in Tropical Cyclone Regions....Pages 709-725 The Effects of The Cyclones of 1983 on The Atolls of The Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia)....Pages 727-741 The Tornado Hazard in Canada....Pages 743-748 Front Matter....Pages 749-749 Forecasting Volcanic Eruptive Disasters....Pages 751-772 Tsunami Warning System in the Pacific: An Example Of International Cooperation....Pages 773-780 A Program for the Mitigation Of Earthquake Effects in the Andean Region (Project Sisra)....Pages 781-786 Earthquake Hazard Prevention and Mitigation in the West African Sub-Region....Pages 787-797 Bhopal: Lessons for Canada....Pages 799-804 Physical Planning for Multi-Hazard Mitigation....Pages 805-816 Front Matter....Pages 817-817 (A)Summary of Symposium....Pages 819-839 Back Matter....Pages 819-894