National Building Code of India 2016 Volume 2

The National Building Code of India (NBC), a comprehensive building Code, is a national instrument providing guidelines for regulating the building construction activities across the country. It serves as a Model Code for adoption by all agencies involved in building construction works be they Public Works Departments, other government construction departments, local bodies or private construction agencies. The Code mainly contains administrative regulations, development control rules and general building requirements; fire safety requirements; stipulations regarding materials, structural design and construction (including safety); building and plumbing services; approach to sustainability; and asset and facility management. The Code was first published in 1970 at the instance of Planning Commission and then first revised in 1983. Thereafter three major amendments were issued to the 1983 version, two in 1987 and the third in 1997. The second revision of the Code was in 2005, to which two amendments were issued in 2015. Due to large scale changes in the building construction activities, such as change in nature of occupancies with prevalence of high rises and mixed occupancies, greater dependence and complicated nature of building services, development of new/innovative construction materials and technologies, greater need for preservation of environment and recognition of need for planned management of existing buildings and built environment, there has been a paradigm shift in building construction scenario. Considering these, a Project for comprehensive revision of the Code was taken up under the aegis of the National Building Code Sectional Committee, CED 46 of BIS and its 22 expert Panels; involving around 1 000 experts. As a culmination of the Project, the revised Code has been brought out in 2016 as National Building Code of India 2016 reflecting the state-of-the-art and contemporary applicable international practices. First Page NATIONAL BUILDING CODEOF INDIA 2016VOLUME 2 CONTENTS Volume 1 Volume 2 Important Explanatory Note for Users of the Code INFORMATION FOR THE USERS ABOUT AVAILABILITY OFTHE CODE IN GROUPS PART 7 CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT, PRACTICES AND SAFETY CONTENTS FOREWORD 1 SCOPE 2 TERMINOLOGY 2.1 Authority Having Jurisdiction 2.2 Definitions Relating to Safety in Construction 3 GENERAL SECTION 1 CONSTRUCTIONMANAGEMENT 4 CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT 4.1 General FIG. 1 TYPICAL CONSTRUCTION PROJECT LIFE CYCLE 4.2 Stages of a Construction Project FIG. 2 TYPICAL ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE FOR DESIGN-BID-BUILD MODEL 4.3 Construction Project Management Functions 5 PLANNING ASPECTS 5.1 Preconstruction Phase 5.2 Resource Planning 5.3 Construction Phase SECTION 3 CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES 6 CONSTRUCTION CONTROL ANDPRACTICES 6.1 Professional Services and Responsibilities 6.2 Site Preparation 6.3 Habitat for Construction Workers at Site 6.4 Construction of All Elements 6.5 Low Income Housing 6.6 Use of New/Alternative Construction Techniques 6.7 Urban Roads/City Roads Planning andConstruction 6.8 Measures against pollution and hazard due to dust, 7 TEMPORARY WORKS 7.2 Scaffolding 7.3 Tower Cranes 7.4 Falsework 7.5 Formwork 7.6 Trench Support 8 STORAGE, STACKING AND HANDLINGPRACTICES 8.1 General 8.2 Storage, Stacking and Handling of Materials FIG. 3 8.3 Unloading Rail/Road Wagons and MotorVehicles SECTION 4 SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION 9 SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION OF ELEMENTSOF A BUILDING 9.1 General 9.2 Temporary Construction, Use of Side Walls andTemporary Encroachments 9.3 Testing 9.4 Inspection and Rectification of HazardousDefects 9.5 Foundations 9.6 General Requirements and Common HazardsDuring Excavation 9.7 Piling and Other Deep Foundations 9.8 Walls 9.9 Common Hazards During Walling 9.10 Roofing 9.11 Additional Safety Requirements for Erectionof Concrete Framed Structures (High-RiseBuildings) 9.12 Additional Safety Requirements for Erectionof Structural Steel Work 9.13 Miscellaneous Items 9.14 Finishes 9.15 Fragile Fixtures 9.16 Safety in Special Operations 9.17 Electrical Installations and Lifts 9.18 General Safety Requirements for Workplace 9.19 Construction Machinery 10 SAFETY IN DEMOLITION OF BUILDINGS 10.2 Planning 10.3 Precautions Prior to Demolition 10.4 Precautions During Demolition 10.5 Sequence of Demolition Operations 10.6 Walls 10.7 Flooring 10.8 Demolition of Steel Structures 10.9 Catch Platform 10.10 Stairs, Passageways and Ladders 10.11 Mechanical Demolition 10.12 Demolition of Certain Special Types andElements of Structures 10.13 Lowering, Removal and Disposal of Materials 10.14 Miscellaneous 10.15 First-Aid SECTION 5 REPAIRS, RETROFITTING ANDSTRENGTHENING OF BUILDINGS 11 MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT 12 PREVENTION OF CRACKS 13 REPAIRS AND SEISMIC STRENGTHENINGOF BUILDINGS SECTION 6 HABITAT AND WELFAREREQUIREMENTS FOR WORKERS 14 HABITAT AND OTHER WELFAREREQUIREMENTS FOR CONSTRUCTIONWORKERS 14.2 Habitat Site Selection Criteria 14.3 Minimum Area Requirements Table 1 14.4 Minimum Facilities to be Provided in Rooms 14.5 Design and Construction of the Habitat 14.6 Sanitary Facilities 14.7 Drinking Water Requirements 14.8 First Aid and Medical Facilities 14.9 Cooking Area 14.10 Crèches 14.11 Habitat Operation and Maintenance 14.12 Fire Prevention 14.13 Recreation 14.14 Security 14.15 Other Facilities 14.16 Habitat Inspection ANNEX A - CHECK LIST FOR STACKING AND STORAGE OF MATERIALS LIST OF STANDARDS PART 8 BUILDING SERVICES Section 1 Lighting and Natural Ventilation CONTENTS FOREWORD 1 SCOPE 2 TERMINOLOGY 2.1 Lighting FIG. 1 2.2 Ventilation Table 1 3 ORIENTATION OF BUILDING 3.2 Basic Zones Table 2 Classification of Climate 3.3 Climatic Factors 3.4 Solar Radiation FIG. 2 CLIMATIC ZONES OF INDIA 3.5 Relative Humidity and Prevailing Winds 3.6 Aspects of Daylighting 3.7 Planting of Trees Table 3 Total Solar Radiation (Direct Plus Diffused) Incident on Various Surfaces ofBuildings, in W/m2/day, for Summer and for Winter Season 4 LIGHTING 4.1 Principles of Lighting Table 4 Recommended Values of lliuminance 4.2 Daylighting Table 5 Solar Altitudes (to the Nearest Degree) for Indian Latitudes Table 6 Correction Factor for ERC Table 7 Relative Availability of Daylight on theWindow Plane at Ground Level in aFour-Storeyed Building Blocks (Clear Design-Skyas Basis, Daylight Availability Taken as Unity onan Unobstructed Facade, Values are for theCentre of the Blocks) 4.3 Artificial Lighting FIG. 3 SUPPLEMENTARY ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING FOR 40 W FLUORESCENT TUBES 4.4 Energy Conservation in Lighting FIG. 4 NOMOGRAPH FOR DAYLIGHTING AND SUPPLEMENTAL LIGHTING DESIGN OF BUILDINGS Table 8 Luminous Efficacy, Life, Lumen Maintenance and Colour Rendition of Light Sources 5 VENTILATION 5.2 Design Considerations FIG. 5 CORRECTED EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURE NOMOGRAM Table 9 Desirable Wind Speeds (m/s) forThermal Comfort Conditions Table 10 Minimum Wind Speeds (m/s) for JustAcceptable Warm Conditions Table 11 Maximum Permissible Wet BulbTemperatures for Given Dry Bulb Temperatures 5.3 Methods of Ventilation Table 12 Allowable Temperature Rise Values 5.4 Natural Ventilation FIG. 6 EFFECT OF AREA OF OPENING ON AVERAGEINDOOR WIND VELOCITY FIG. 7 L-TYPE LOUVER FIG. 8 SKETCH OF A PELMET TYPE WIND DEFLECTOR FIG. 9 TWO UNITS LOCATED AT THE END-ON POSITION 5.5 Mechanical Ventilation 5.6 Determining Rate of Ventilation FIG. 10 DETERMINATION OF FLOW CAUSED BYCOMBINED FORCES OF WIND AND TEMPERATURE Table 13 Optimum Size/Number of Fans for Rooms of Different Sizes 5.7 Energy Conservation in Ventilation System ANNEX A - METHOD OF CALCULATING SOLAR LOAD ON VERTICAL A-1 DETAILS OF CALCULATION A-2 EXAMPLE TO FIND OUT ORIENTATIONON THE BASIS OF SOLAR LOAD FIG. 11 DIRECT SOLAR INTENSITIES NORMAL TO SUN ATSEA LEVEL FOR STANDARD CONDITION (COMPUTED) FIG. 12 DEFINITION OF SOLAR ANGLES Table 14 Solar Heat Gained Due to Orientation of Buildings ANNEX B - SKY COMPONENT TABLES B-1 DESCRIPTION OF TABLES FIG. 13 B-1.6 Method of Using the Tables FIG. 14 B-2 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS B-3 CALCULATION OF IRC B-3.2 Example B-4 GENERAL NOTE ON DAYLIGHTING OFBUILDNG Table 15 Percentage Sky Components on the Horizontal Plane Due to a VerticalRectangular Opening for the Clear Design Sky Table 16 Table 17 LIST OF STANDARDS LIST OF STANDARDS Section 2 Electrical and Allied Installations CONTENTS FOREWORD 1 SCOPE 2 TERMINOLOGY AND CONVENTIONALSYMBOLS 2.2 Conventional Symbols 3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Conformity with The Electricity Act, 2003 andCentral Electricity Authority (Measures Relating toSafety and Electric Supply) Regulations, 2010 asAmended Up-to-Date 3.2 Materials 3.3 Coordination with Local Supply Authority 3.4 Power Factor Improvement in Consumers•Installation 3.5 Execution of Work 4 PLANNING OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLA-TIONS 4.2 Substation and Switchrooms 4.3 Emergency Power Backup System FIG. 1 TYPICAL LAYOUT OF SUBSTATION INCLUDING MINIMUM RECOMMENDED SPACING OFTRANSFORMER PERIPHERY FROM WALLS 1A MINIMUM RECOMMNEDED SPACING BETWEEN THE TRANSFORMER PERIPHERY AND WALLS 1B TYPICAL LAYOUT OF SUBSTATION WITH DRY TYPE EQUIPMENT IN A SINGLE ROOM 4.4 Location of MV/LV Switch Room Other than inSubstation 4.5 Location and Requirements of DistributionPanels 4.6 Substation Safety 4.7 Overhead Lines, Wires and Cables 4.8 Maps of Underground Networks 5 DISTRIBUTION OF SUPPLY AND CABLING 5.1 General 5.3 Substation Equipment and Accessories FIG. 2 CLEARANCES AROUND SWITCHBOARDS IN ENCLOSED ROOM 5.4 Reception and Distribution of Main Supply 5.5 Protection Class of Equipment and Accessories 5.6 Voltage and Frequency of Supply 5.7 Rating of Cables and Equipment 5.8 Installation Circuits 5.9 Lighting and Levels of Illumination 5.11 Guideline for Electrical Layout in ResidentialBuildings 6 WIRING 6.1 Provision for Maximum Load 6.2 Selection of Size of Conductors FIG. 3 WIRING DIAGRAM FOR A TYPICAL DISTRIBUTION SCHEME IN A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING FLAT 6.3 Branch Switches 6.4 Layout and Installation Drawing 6.5 Conductors and Accessories 6.6 Joints and Looping Back 6.7 Passing Through Walls and Floors 6.8 Wiring of Distribution Boards 6.9 PVC-Sheathed Wiring System 6.10 Conduit Wiring System Table 1A Maximum Permissible Number of Single-Core Cables up to and including 1 100 Vthat can be Drawn into Rigid Steel Conduits Table 1B Maximum Permissible Number of 250 V Grade Single-Core Cables that may beDrawn into Rigid Non-Metallic Conduits 6.11 Cable Trunking/Cable Ways 7 FITTINGS AND ACCESSORIES 7.1 Ceiling Roses and Similar Attachments 7.2 Socket-Outlets and Plug Table 2 Maximum Permissible Number of PVC Insulated 650/1 100 V Grade Aluminium/Copper CableConforming to Accepted Standard [8-2(3)] that can be Drawn into Cable Trunking/Cable Ways 7.3 Lighting Fittings 7.4 Fitting-Wire 7.5 Lampholders 7.6 Outdoor Lamps 7.8 Fans, Regulators and Clamps 7.9 Attachment of Fittings and Accessories 7.10 Interchangeability 7.11 Equipment FIG. 4 TYPICAL DESIGN OF FAN CLAMPS 8 EARTHING 8.1 General 8.2 Selection and Design of Earthing System 8.3 Earth Electrodes 8.4 Earth Enhancing Compound FIG. 5 EXAMPLE OF AN EARTHING ARRANGEMENT FOR FOUNDATION EARTH ELECTRODE, PROTECTIVECONDUCTORS AND PROTECTIVE BONDING CONDUCTORS FIG. 6 RECOMMENDED POWER DISTRIBUTION FOR A COMPUTER AND CONTROL SYSTEM WITHA DELTA/STAR ISOLATION TRANSFORMER Table 3 Recommended Minimum Size of Commonly Used Earth Electrodes, Embedded in Soil orConcrete Used to Prevent Corrosion and Provide Mechanical Strength1) 8.5 Earth Electrode Inspection Housings and EarthElectrode Sea 8.6 Bonding and Inter connection 8.7 Equipment and Portions of Installations whichshall be Earthed 8.8 Neutral Earthing FIG. 7 TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT OF ELECTRODE EARTHING 7A TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT OF EARTHING WITH PIPE ELECTRODE(WITH MAINTENANCE ARRANGEMENT) 7B TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT OF EARTHING WITH COPPER/COPPER BONDED ELECTRODE WITHEXOTHERMIC WELDING (MAINTENANCE FREE ARRANGEMENT) FIG. 8 TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT OF PLATE EARTHING 8A TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT OF CI/GI/COPPER PLATE EARTHING (WITH MAINTENANCE ARRANGEMENT) 8B TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT OF COPPER PLATE EARTHING WITH EXOTHERMIC WELDING(MAINTENANCE FREE ARRANGEMENT) FIG. 9 MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRODE CONFIGURATIONS 8.9 System of Earthing 9 INSPECTION, TESTING AND VERIFICATIONOF INSTALLATION 9.1 General Requirements 9.2 Inspection of the Installation 9.3 Testing of Installation 10 ALLIED/MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES 10.2 Public Address System 10.3 Common Antenna System for TV Receivers 10.4 Emergency and Standby Power Supply Systems 10.5 Building Management System 10.6 Security System 10.7 Car Parking Area 10.8 Solar Photovoltaic Power Generating System FIG. 10 PV POWER GENERATING SYSTEM AND MAJOR SUBSYSTEMS 10.9 Aviation Obstacle Lights 11 LIGHTNING PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS FIG. 11 STAND ALONE SOLAR PV SYSTEM FIG. 12 GRID CONNECTED SOLAR PV SYSTEM FIG. 13 TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT OF AVIATION OBSTACLE LIGHTS IN CASE OF GROUP OF BUILDINGS FIG. 14 BASIC EXAMPLE OF DIFFERENT SOURCE OF DAMAGE TO A STRUCTURE AND LIGHTNING CURRENTDISTRIBUTION WITHIN A SYSTEM FIG. 15 DEFINITIONS OF IMPULSE CURRENT PARAMETERS 11.3 Risk Assessment Table 4 Source and Type of Damage and Type of Loss Table 5 Recommended LPL for Typical Buildings 11.4 Lightning Protection 11.5 Lightning Protection System (LPS) Table 6 Maximum Values of Mesh Size and Protection Angle Corresponding to the Class of LPS FIG. 16 PROTECTION ANGLE METHOD OF AIR-TERMINATION DESIGN FOR DIFFERENTHEIGHTS ACCORDING TO TABLE 6 FIG. 17 DESIGN OF AIR-TERMINATION SYSTEM ACCORDING TO MESH METHOD FIG. 18 DESIGN OF AIR-TERMINATION SYSTEM ACCORDING TO THE ROLLING SPHERE METHOD FIG. 19 DESIGN OF AIR-TERMINATION CONDUCTOR NETWORK FOR A STRUCTURE WITH COMPLICATED SHAPE FIG. 20 DESIGN OF AN LPS AIR-TERMINATION ACCORDING TO THE PROTECTION ANGLE METHOD,MESH METHOD AND GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF AIR-TERMINATION ELEMENTS FIG. 21 TYPICAL LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM FOR BUILDINGS 21A TYPICAL LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM FOR BUILDINGS OF HEIGHT, H 60 m Table 7 Minimum Distance BetweenDown-Conductors FIG. 22 TYPICAL AIR-TERMINATION STUDS USED ON CAR PARK ROOFS Table 8 Isolation of External LPS •Approximated Values of Coefficient, Kc Table 9 Isolation of External LPS • Values ofCoefficient, K Table 10 Isolation of External LPS • Values ofcoefficient, Km Table 11 Minimum Length of Vertical EarthElectrode FIG. 23 CONSTRUCTION OF EXTERNAL LPS ON A STRUCTURE OF STEEL-REINFORCED CONCRETE USING THEREINFORCEMENT OF THE OUTER WALLS AS NATURAL COMPONENTS FIG. 24 UTILIZATION OF REINFORCING RODS OF A STRUCTURE FOR EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING FIG. 25 EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING IN A STRUCTURE WITH STEEL REINFORCEMENT Table 12 LPS Materials and Conditions of Use1) 11.6 Protection of Electrical/Electronic Systemswithin Structures Table 13 Material, Configuration and Minimum Cross-Sectional Area of Air-Termination Conductorsand Rods, Earth Lead-in Rods and Down-Conductors1) Table 14 Material Configuration and Minimum Dimensions of Earth Electrodes1) and 2) FIG. 26 EXAMPLE OF AN EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING ARRANGEMENT FIG. 27 BASIC EXAMPLE OF BALANCED CURRENT DISTRIBUTION FIG. 28 TYPICAL INSTALLATION OF SPDS IN TT SYSTEM 28A SPDs ON THE LOAD SIDE OF RCD 28B SPDs ON THE SUPPLY SIDE OF RCD Table 15 Rated Impulse Voltage for the Equipment Energized Directly from the Low Voltages Mains FIG. 29 EXAMPLE OF INSTALLATION OF SPDS AT OR NEAR ORIGIN OF INSTALLATION Table 16 Voltage and Current Waveforms for Impulse-Limiting Voltage 11.7 Implementation of Lightning Protection Measures for Typical Buildings 11.8 Average Number of Thunderstorm Days 12 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION SITES 12.1 General 12.2 Installation and Removal of ConstructionWiring FIG. 30 PLACES FOR AVERAGE NUMBER OF THUNDERSTORM DAYS IN A YEAR 12.3 Provision of Indicating and RecordingInstruments and Meters 12.4 RCCB/RCD 12.5 Temporary Supply Switchboards 12.6 Cables Used in Worksite Installations 12.7 Extension Cords and Fittings 12.8 Electrical Plant in Service Testing 12.9 Lighting 12.10 Transportable Construction Buildings (SiteSheds) 12.11 Lock-Out and Tag-Out Practices 12.12 Standard Operating and MaintenancePractices in Sites with More than One Source ofElectricity 12.13 Earthing or Grounding 13 PROTECTION OF HUMAN BEINGS FROMELECTRICAL HAZARDS FIG. 31 TIME/CURRENT ZONES OF THE EFFECTS OF a.c. CURRENTS (15 HZ TO 100 HZ) 13.2 Protection Against Electric Shocks 13.3 Hazards Due to Multiple Electrical Sources 13.4 Care and Design of Electrical Installations forHuman Safety 13.5 Earthing Requirements 13.6 Heating Appliances and Hot Appliances 13.7 Switches Getting Supply from Multiple Sources 13.8 Protection Against Environmental Over-Voltages 13.9 Flammable Atmosphere and Risk of Ignition byElectricity Leading to Fire or Explosion 13.10 Protection Against Fire Due to LeakageCurrent in the Building ANNEX A - DRAWING SYMBOLS FOR ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS IN BUILDINGS ANNEX B - EXTRACTS FROM CENTRAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY (MEASURES RELATING TO SAFETY Regulation 4, Inspection of designated officers andother safety measures Regulation 5, Electrical safety officer Regulation 5A, Chartered Electrical SafetyEngineer Regulation 8, Keeping of records and inspectionthereof Regulation 12, General safety requirementspertaining to construction, installation, protection,operation and maintenance of electric supply linesand apparatus Regulation 13, Service lines and apparatus onconsumer•s premises Regulation 14, Switchgear on consumer•s premises Regulation 15, Identification of earthed and earthedneutral conductors and position of switches andswitchgear therein Regulation 16, Earthed terminal on consumer•spremises Regulation 17, Accessibility of bare conductors Regulation 18, Danger notices Regulation 19, Handling of electric supply lines andapparatus Regulation 22, Cables protected by bituminousmaterials Regulation 24, Distinction of different circuits Regulation 25, Distinction of the installations havingmore than one feed Regulation 26, Accidental charging Regulation 27, Provisions applicable to protectiveequipment Regulation 28, Display of instructions forresuscitation of persons suffering from electricshock Regulation 29, Precautions to be adopted byconsumers, owners, occupiers, electricalcontractors, electrical workmen and suppliers Regulation 30, Periodical inspection and testing ofinstallations Regulation 31, Testing of consumer•s installation Regulation 32, Installation and testing of generatinguni Regulation 33, Precautions against leakage beforeconnection Regulation 34, Leakage on consumer•s premises Regulation 35, Supply and use of electricity Regulation 36, Provisions for supply and use ofelectricity in multi-storeyed building more than 15metres in height Regulation 37, Conditions applicable to installationsof voltage exceeding 250 Volts Regulation 39, Precautions against failure of supplyand notice of failures Regulation 40, Test for resistance of insulation Regulation 41, Connection with earth Regulation 42, Earth leakage protective device Regulation 43, Approval by electrical inspector andself-certification Regulation 44, Use of electricity at voltage exceedingnotified voltage Regulation 45, Inter-locks and protection for use ofelectricity at voltage exceeding 650 volts Regulation 46, Testing, operation and maintenance Regulation 47, Precautions to be taken againstexcess leakage in case of metal sheathed electricsupply lines Regulation 48, Connection with earth for apparatusexceeding 650 Volts Regulation 49, General conditions as totransformation and control of electricity Regulation 50, Pole type substations Regulation 52, Supply to luminous tube signinstallations of voltage exceeding 650 Volts but notexceeding 33 kV Regulation 58, Clearance above ground of thelowest conductor of overhead lines Regulation 60, Clearance from buildings of lines ofvoltage and service lines not exceeding 650 Volts Regulation 61, Clearance from buildings of lines ofvoltage exceeding 650 V Regulation 63, Erection or alteration of buildings,structures, flood banks and elevation of roads Regulation 64, Transporting and storing of materialnear overhead lines Regulation 65, General clearances Regulation 73(3), Safety and protective devices Regulation 76, Laying of cables ANNEX C - AREA REQUIRED FOR TRANSFORMER ROOM AND SUBSTATION FOR ANNEX D - ADDITIONAL AREA REQUIRED FOR GENERATOR IN ELECTRIC SUBSTATION ANNEX E - CHECKLIST FOR INSPECTION, HANDING OVER AND COMMISSIONING OF HV CABLE INSPECTION, HANDING OVER AND COMMISSIONING DETAILS A) DETAILS OF WORK B) QUALITY CHECK LIST C) HI-POT TEST REPORT HV PANEL INSPECTION, HANDING OVER AND COMMISSIONING DETAILS A) HANDING OVER DETAILS B) QUALITY CHECK LIST C) COMMISSIONING REPORT TRANSFORMER INSPECTION, HANDING OVER AND COMMISIONING DETAILS A) HANDING OVER DETAILS B) QUALITY CHECK LIST C) COMMISSIONING REPORT MV/LV PANEL INSPECTION, HANDING OVER AND COMMISIONING DETAIL A) HANDING OVER DETAILS B) QUALITY CHECK LIST C) COMMISSIONING REPORT ANNEX F - CHECKLIST FOR INSPECTION, HANDING OVER AND COMMISSIONING OF EARTHING PITS A) HANDING OVER DETAILS B) QUALITY CHECK LIST C) TEST REPORT: EARTH PIT ANNEX G - FORM OF COMPLETION CERTIFICATE A) INSTALLATION DATA B) PRE-COMMISSIONING TEST DATA LIST OF STANDARDS Section 3 Air Conditioning, Heating and Mechanical Ventilation CONTENTS FOREWORD 1 SCOPE 2 TERMINOLOGY 2.1 Air Conditionin 2.2 Air System Balancing 2.3 Atmospheric Pressure 2.4 Building Energy Simulation 2.5 Building Integrated Renewable Energy 2.6 Building Management System (BMS 2.7 Buildings Related Illnesses (BRI) 2.8 Coefficient of Performance, Compressor, HeatPump 2.9 Coefficient of Performance, Compressor,Refrigerating 2.10 Coefficient of Performance (Heat Pump) 2.11 Coefficient of Performance (Refrigerating) 2.12 Cooling Load 2.13 Cooling Tower 2.14 Dedicated Outdoor Air System (DOAS) 2.15 Demand Based Ventilation 2.16 Design Pressure Difference 2.17 Dew Point Temperature 2.18 Dry-Bulb Temperatur 2.19 Duct System 2.20 Economizer, Ai 2.21 Economizer, Wate 2.22 Effective Temperature 2.23 Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) 2.24 Energy Recovery Unit 2.25 Evaporative Cooling 2.26 Fire Damper 2.27 Geothermal Heat Pump 2.28 Global Warming Potential (GWP) 2.29 Heating Load 2.30 Heat Pump 2.31 Heat Recovery 2.32 Hybrid Building 2.33 Hydronic Systems 2.34 Hydronic System Balancing 2.35 Indirect-Direct Cooling 2.37 Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) 2.38 Infiltration/Exfiltration 2.39 Latent Heat 2.40 Latent Heat Load 2.41 Mean Radiant Temperature 2.42 Mixed Mode Building 2.43 Naturally Conditioned Building 2.44 Operative Temperature 2.45 Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) 2.46 Passive Cooling 2.47 Passive Heating 2.48 Plenum 2.49 Positive Ventilation 2.50 Psychrometric Chart 2.51 Recirculated Air 2.52 Refrigerant 2.53 Relative Humidity 2.54 Return Air 2.55 Sensible Heat 2.56 Sensible Cooling 2.57 Shade Factor 2.58 Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) 2.59 Smoke Barrier 2.60 Smoke Damper 2.61 Smoke Management 2.62 Stack Effect 2.63 Static Pressure 2.64 Supply Air 2.65 Terminal Devices 2.66 Thermal Adaptation 2.67 Thermal Comfort 2.68 Thermal Insulation Materia 2.69 Thermal Energy Storage 2.70 Velocity Pressure 2.71 Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) System 2.72 Water Hardness 2.73 Water Treatment 2.74 Wet-Bulb Temperature 3 REFRIGERANTS Table 1 4 PLANNING 4.1 Fundamental Requirements 4.2 Design Considerations 4.3 Equipment Room for Central Air ConditioningPlant 4.4 Equipment Room for Air Handling Units andPackage Units 4.5 Pipe Shafts 4.6 Supply Air Ducts and Return Air Ducts 4.7 Cooling Tower 4.8 Building Envelope 4.9 Fire Safety 4.10 Sound Insulation and Noise Control 4.11 Energy Conservation 5 OUTDOOR DESIGN CONDITIONS 6 INDOOR DESIGN CONDITIONS Table 2 6.2 Design of Indoor Conditions as per AdaptiveThermal Comfort Model 6.3 Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Table 3 Table 4 7.2 Design Considerations 7 DESIGN OF AIR CONDITIONING 7.1 General 7.2 Design Considerations Table 5 7.3 Factors to be Considered for DifferentApplications 8 SPECIALIZED APPLICATION Table 6 Guidelines for Parameters to be Considered for HVAC System Design for Health Care Facilities Table 7 Guidelines for Filter Efficiency Requirement in Health Care Facilities 9 REFRIGERATION FOR COLD STORES 9.1 Key Elements and Components of Cold Room 9.2 Typical Design Inputs for a Standard Cold Room 9.3 Importance of Heat Loads 9.4 Considerations for Cold Room Selection 9.5 Installation and Maintenance of Cold Room •Key Aspects 9.6 Cold Room Safety 9.7 Cold Room in Various Segments andRequirements 10 HEATING 11 MECHANICAL VENTILATION 11.1 Objective and Options 11.2 Industrial Ventilation Table 8 Table 9 Table 10 11.3 General Ventilation Rate for Non AirConditioned Areas 11.4 Commercial Kitchen Ventilation Table 11 Table 12 Appliance Category and their Recommended Hood Exhaust Flow Rates 11.5 Underground Car Park Ventilation 11.6 Tunnel Ventilation System FIG. 1 VENTILATION IN TUNNEL DURING FIRE ON A TRAIN 11.7 Selection of Fan for Mechanical Ventilation FIG. 2 TYPICAL SCHEMATIC OF THE TVS PLANT ROOM AT PLATFORM LEVEL 12 INSTALLATION OF HVAC SYSTEM 12.1 Installation of Air Conditioning System FIG. 3 FEG RATING OF FANS FOR VARIOUS IMPELLER DIAMETERS Table 13 Support Details for Chilled Water Pipe 12.2 Installation of Split Air Conditioners 12.3 Installation of VRF Systems 12.4 Installation of Mechanical Ventilation System 12.5 Fire Control 12.6 Vibration Isolation FIG. 4 STATIC DEFLECTION REQUIRED FOR DESIRED ISOLATION EFFICIENCY Table 14 Non-Structural Seismic PerformanceObjectives Table 15 Non-Structural Seismic Compliance Methods and Expectations 13 SYMBOLS, UNITS, COLOUR CODE ANDIDENTIFICATION OF SERVICES 13.5 Services Identification Table 16 Scheme of Colour Code of Pipe WorkServices for Air Conditioning Installation 14 BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM FORHVAC CONTROL, MONITORING ANDVERIFICATION 14.1 General 14.2 BAS Design Requirements 14.3 BAS for Monitoring and Control 14.4 BAS for Measurement and Verification 15 TESTING, COMMISSIONING ANDPERFORMANCE VALIDATION 15.1 Inspection of Materials and Equipment 15.2 Cleaning and Stage-Wise Inspection of Work 15.3 Readiness for Testing 15.4 Testing 15.5 Pre-Commissioning Inspection 15.6 Commissioning 15.7 Scope of Commissioning Activity for CentralAir Conditioning System 15.12 Controls and Safety Cut-Outs 15.13 Calibration of Instruments 15.14 Handover Procedure 15.15 Operation and Maintenance ANNEX A LIST OF STANDARDS ANNEX A LIST OF STANDARDS Section 4 Acoustics, Sound Insulation and Noise Control CONTENTS FOREWORD 1 SCOPE 2 TERMINOLOGY 2.1 Ambient Noise 2.2 Audible Frequency Range 2.3 A-Weighted Sound Pressure, pA 2.4 A-Weighted Sound Pressure Level, Lp 2.5 Background Noise 2.6 Break-In 2.7 Break-Out 2.8 Broad Band Noise 2.9 Cross-Talk 2.10 Ctr 2.11 Decibel 2.12 Effective Perceived Noise Level, in Decibel(EPN dB) 2.13 Equivalent Continuous A-Weighted SoundPressure Level, LAeq.T 2.14 Equivalent Sound Absorption Area of aRoom, A 2.15 Façade Level 2.16 Free-Field Level 2.17 Frequency 2.18 Impact Sound Pressure Level, Li 2.19 Indoor Ambient Noise 2.20 Insertion Loss (LIL) 2.21 Noise 2.22 Noise Exposure Forecast (NEF) 2.23 Noise Criteria 2.24 Noise Rating (NR) 2.25 Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC) 2.26 Normalized Impact Sound PressureLevel, Ln 2.27 Octave Band 2.28 Percentile Level, LAN,T 2.29 Pink Noise 2.30 Pure Tone 2.31 Rating Level, LAr,Tr 2.32 Reverberation Time, T 2.33 Sound 2.34 Sound Exposure Level, LAE 2.35 Sound Level Difference, D 2.36 Sound Power 2.37 Sound Power Level (Lw) 2.38 Sound Pressure, p 2.39 Sound Pressure Level, Lp 2.40 Sound Receiver 2.41 Sound Reduction Index, R 2.42 Sound Source 2.43 Spectrum 2.44 Standardized Impact Sound Pressure Level,L'n 2.45 Speech Interference Level (SIL) 2.46 Standardized Level Difference, DnT 2.47 Structure-Borne Noise and Ground-Borne 2.48 Transient Sound 2.49 Third Octave Band 2.50 Threshold of Hearing 2.51 Vibration Isolation 2.52 Wavelength 2.56 Weighted Standardized Level Difference, 2.57 Weighted Normalized Impact Sound PressureLevel, L'n,w 2.58 White Nois 3 PLANNING AND DESIGN AGAINSTOUTDOOR NOISE 3.1 General 3.2 Traffic Noise Levels Table 1 Typical Noise Levels of SomeAircraft Types Table 2 Typical Noise Levels of Railway Trains Table 3 Typical Noise Levels Due toFree-Flowing Road Traffic 3.3 Outdoor Noise Regulations 3.4 Planning and Design 3.5 Zoning 3.6 Green Belts and Landscaping 3.7 Highway Noise Barriers 3.8 Special Problems Requiring Expert Advice 4 PLANNING AND DESIGN AGAINST INDOORNOISE 4.1 Acceptable Indoor Noise Levels in Buildings Table 4 Acceptable Indoor Noise Levels forVarious Buildings 4.2 Vulnerable Buildings 4.4 Sound Insulation of Non-Industrial Buildingsby Constructional Measures 4.5 Special Problems Requiring Expert Advice 5 RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS 5.1 Sources of Noise Nuisance 5.2 Recommendations Table 5 Sound Insulation Between IndividualRooms (Airborne) 6 EDUCATIONAL BUILDINGS 6.1 Sources of Noise Nuisance 6.2 Recommendations Table 6 Reverberation Times in Schools 7 HOSPITAL BUILDINGS 7.1 General 7.2 Sources of Noise Nuisance 7.3 Recommendations 8 OFFICE BUILDINGS 8.1 General 8.2 Sources of Noise Nuisance 8.3 Recommendations 9 HOTELS AND HOSTELS 9.1 General 9.2 Recommendations 10 INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS 10.1 General 10.2 Sources of Industrial Noise 10.3 Noise Criteria 10.4 Methods of Reducing Noise Table 7 FIG.1 RELATION BETWEEN STATIC DEFLECTION ANDNATURAL FREQUENCY FIG. 2 TRANSMISSIBILITY AND EQUIVALENT NOISEREDUCTION FOR DIFFERENT RATIOS OF FORCINGAND NATURAL FREQUENCIES 11 LABORATORIES AND TEST HOUSES 11.1 Sources of Noise 11.2 Recommendations 12 MISCELLANEOUS BUILDINGS 12.1 Law Courts and Council Chambers 12.2 Libraries, Museums and Art Galleries 12.3 Auditoria and Theatres Table 8 Maximum Sound Pressure Levels Due toExternal and Mechanical Equipment Noise inAuditoria (dB) 12.4 Cinemas Table 9 Typical Sound Insulation Specificationfor Wall Separating Two Cinema Screens 13 NOISE FROM BUILDING SERVICES ANNEX A - NOISE CALCULATIONS A-1 GENERAL A-2 ADDITION OF TWO NOISE LEVELS FIG. 3 ADDITION OF TWO NOISE LEVELS A-3 SUBTRACTION OF TWO NOISE LEVELS FIG. 4 SUBTRACTION OF NOISE LEVELS A-4 NON-UNIFORM COMPOSITE PARTITIONS A-5 A-WEIGHTING CALCULATIONS FIG. 5 SOUND INSULATION OF NON-UNIFORM PARTITIONS Table 10 Standard A-Weighting Values (dB) A-6 REVERBERATION TIME CALCULATION ANNEX B - SPECIFICATION OF SOUND INSULATION B-1 GENERAL B-2 INSULATION AGAINST AIRBORNESOUND B-3 INSULATION AGAINST IMPACT SOUND B-4 RATING SOUND INSULATION Table 11 Common Indices Used to DescribeAirborne and Impact Sound Insulation ANNEX C - NOISE RATING Table 12 Noise Rating Values Table 13 Values of a and b ANNEX D - OUTDOOR NOISE REGULATIONS IN INDIA ANNEX E - SPECIAL PROBLEMS REQUIRING EXPERT ADVICE E-1 GENERAL E-2 ACOUSTIC TEST ROOMS E-3 PERFORMING SPACES E-4 BROADCASTING AND RECORDINGSTUDIOS E-5 AIRCRAFT NOISE E-6 GROUND-BORNE NOISE E-7 LOW FREQUENCY NOISE E-8 ACTIVE NOISE CONTROL E-9 NOISE SURVEYS ANNEX F - AIRBORNE AND IMPACT SOUND INSULATION F-1 GENERAL F-2 DIRECT AND INDIRECT TRANSMISSION F-3 AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION F-3.1 General F-3.2 Terminology FIG. 6 TRANSMISSION PATHS (VIA THE STRUCTURE) OF NOISE ORIGINATING IN ROOM 1 (DIAGRAMMATIC) F-3.3 Mass Law FIG. 7 INDIRECT SOUND LEAKAGE PATHS Table 14 Sound Insulation of ImperforateSheet Materials F-3.4 Coincidence Effect F-3.5 Mass-Spring-Mass Frequency FIG. 8 MASS LAW CURVE F-3.6 Impact Sound Control F-4 AIRBORNE INSULATION VALUES OFWALLS AND AIRBORNE AND IMPACTINSULATION VALUES OF FLOORS Table 15 Airborne Sound Insulation ofWalls and Partitions Table 16 Airborne and Impact Sound Insulationof Floor Constructions ANNEX G - BASIC DESIGN TECHNIQUES FOR NOISE CONTROL IN AIR CONDITIONING, HEATING Table 17 Sound Sources, Transmission Paths and Recommended Noise Reduction Methods Table 18 Sound Transmission Paths and Recommended Noise Reduction Methods ANNEX H - SU