نارسیسیسم و ماکیاولیسم در جوانی: پیامدهایی برای توسعه رفتارهای سازگار و ناسازگار

The appearance of books such as Generation Me and The Narcissism Epidemic suggest a disturbing trend among today's adolescents. In both the popular and the professional literature, self-centeredness, preoccupation with social status, and overly ingratiating interpersonal tactics have garnered attention for how they may easily cross the line into the realm of antisocial behaviors such as aggression and violence. Clinical narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy have begun to emerge as particular targets of attention among researchers in various branches of psychology. Both narcissism and Machiavellianism in adult populations and have been found to be risk factors for a variety of antisocial behaviors, from entitlement and exploitation to self-absorption and defensive egotism to violent psychopathology. And yet other studies have the potentially socially adaptive outcomes associated with these constructs. Only more recently has an attempt been made to examine these constructs in children and adolescents. This book brings together international scholars who have begun to consider empirical questions related to narcissism and Machiavellianism in youth. Narcissism and Machiavellianism in Youth highlights how knowledge of both narcissism and Machiavellianism may influence problematic youth social interactions as well as youth adaptation to developmental contexts such as peer relationships. The book brings together for the first time scholars who have empirically examined the emotional, social, and behavioral correlates of these constructs in youth. Part I provides the context for understanding narcissism and Machiavellianism as potential risk and protective factors. Part II discusses the theory and existing evidence on youth narcissism as it relates to problematic behaviors, adaptive functioning, parenting, cultural context, and children's perception of their own competence. Part III discusses many of the same issues concerning Machiavellianism, with particular attention devoted to the emotional, behavioral, and social sequelae of Machiavellian tendencies for children. The volume concludes with thoughts on a tentative research agenda for possible clinical interventions at various developmental stages.

This book provides a solid foundation for two aspects of child and adolescent development that are frequently ignored: narcissism and Machiavellianism. Each chapter offers a comprehensive, in-depth review of theory and research findings, highlighting practical applications for child development and youth violence prevention. This book, suitable for seasoned researchers as well as beginning practitioners, provides a wealth of information!---Pamela Orpinas, PhD, Professor, Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens This is the authoritative text on a new but critically important area of research investigating narcissistic and related personality traits in Children and adolescents. Top researchers provide a comprehensive summary of key research findings in a way that will be helpful to both researchers and clinicians.---Paul J. Frick, PhD, Chair, Department of Psychology, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA Chris Barry and colleagues have set the bar with this groundbreaking volume on the so-called dark personalities. Particular strengths include its developmental psychopathology perspective and heuristic value in summarizing existing conceptual and empirical work in this nascent field. This book is an important contribution that will be read and cited for years to come.---Robert J. McMahon, PhD, Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle This volume is compilation of virtually everything that is known about the association between children's peer relations and the development of peer rejection, aggression, and antisocial behavior, covering dyadic relationships, cliques, and associations with different types of peers as well as the effects of family influences. It will interest a wide range of academic scholars, researchers, and graduate students in the field of developmental psychology and child clinical psychology as well as those working in education, social work, public health, substance abuse, and criminology/sociology. In both the popular and the professional literature, self-centeredness, preoccupation with social status, and overly ingratiating interpersonal tactics have garnered attention for how they may easily cross the line into the realm of antisocial behaviors. Narcissism and Machiavellianism in adult populations have been found to be risk factors for a variety of antisocial behaviors, from entitlement and exploitation to self-absorption and defensive egotism to violent psychopathology. Other studies have explored the potentially socially adaptive outcomes associated with these constructs. Only more recently has an attempt been made to examine these constructs in children and adolescents. Narcissism and Machiavellianism in Youth highlights how both traits may influence problematic youth social interactions as well as youth adaptation to developmental contexts such as peer relationships. International scholars examine potential risk and protective factors as well as the theory and existing evidence on youth narcissism as it relates to problematic behaviors, adaptive functioning, parenting, cultural context, and children's perception of their own competence. The contributors examine the same issues concerning Machiavellianism, with particular attention devoted to the emotional, behavioral, and social sequelae of Machiavellian tendencies for children. This thought-provoking book will enrich the work of all social scientists and clinical professionals who study the lives of children.

"Throughout history, artists, theologians, philosophers, and scientists have debated a fundamental human duality: our capacity for both selfless altruism and selfish exploitation. Recently, the developmental psychopathology perspective has blended together the light and the dark of human nature by stressing that prosociality and antisociality lie on a continuum, and a given individual can manifest shades of antisocial behavior that depend on the ongoing progression of organism--environment transactions. It is also important to note that the fuzzy boundary between the prosocial and antisocial lies in the eye of the beholder and, therefore, constantly shifts in response to changing historical, cultural, and political influences. Within the context of this broad theoretical framework, this volume brings together a collection of innovative scholars from a variety of perspectives to present the current state of research and theory regarding the formation of narcissism and Machiavellianism among young people. This body of work sheds new light on the development of personality styles and behavioral patterns that are characterized by antisocial and exploitive elements while simultaneously illuminating many of the essential dynamics that underlie a more prosocial orientation. Whereas narcissism and Machiavellianism have been studied extensively among adult populations, researchers have only recently begun examining the earlier developmental manifestations and correlates of these constructs. Therefore, this volume is intended both to serve as a synopsis of a body of literature that is still in its infancy and to act as a springboard to future theoretical formulations and empirical work. Key themes of this volume include how narcissism and Machiavellianism can be assessed in young persons, how these constructs relate to prosocial and antisocial behavioral patterns, and how knowledge of these constructs can inform the development of new techniques designed to curtail antisocial behavior in general and aggression in particular"--Introduction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) Emerging personality in childhood and adolescence : implications for the development of narcissism and Machiavellianism / Jennifer L. Tackett and Sarah Mackrell Psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism : distinct yet intertwining personality constructs / Kurt K. Stellwagen Self-esteem, narcissism, and Machiavellianism : implications for understanding antisocial behavior in adolescents and young adults / Edward A. Witt, M. Brent Donnellan, and Kali H. Trzesniewski Developmental and theoretical influences on the conceptualization and assessment of youth narcissism / Christopher T. Barry, Marion T. Wallace, and Matthew D. Guelker Adaptive and maladaptive narcissism in adolescent development / Patrick L. Hill and Daniel K. Lapsley Defensive egotism and aggression in childhood : a new lens on the self-esteem paradox / Marlene Sandstrom On environmental sources of child narcissism : are parents really to blame? / Robert S. Horton Moving beyond parents in the etiology of narcissistic traits / Jason J. Washburn and Leah D. Paskar Narcissism, positive illusory bias, and externalizing behaviors / Tammy D. Barry, Sarah J. Grafeman, Stephanie H. Bader, and Sarah E. Davis Early adoption of Machiavellian attitudes : implications for children's interpersonal relationships / Virginia Slaughter The new scoundrel on the schoolyard : contributions of Machiavellianism to the understanding of youth aggression / Patricia K. Kerig and Holli E. Sink Young Machiavellians and the traces of shame : coping with vulnerability to a toxic affect / Doris McIlwain Machiavellianism in elementary school children : risk and adaptation / Hanneke Palmen, Marjolijn M. Vermande, Maja Dekovic, and Marcel A. G. van Aken. Contents Contributors Acknowledgments Introduction: The Developmental Psychopathology of Narcissism and Machiavellianism Part I Overview of Self-Perception and Related Personality Constructs in Youth Chapter 1 Emerging Personality in Childhood and Adolescence: Implications for the Development of Narcissism and Machiavellianism Chapter 2 Psychopathy, Narcissism, and Machiavellianism: Distinct Yet Intertwining Personality Constructs Chapter 3 Self-Esteem, Narcissism, and Machiavellianism: Implications for Understanding Antisocial Behavior in Adolescents and Young Adult Part II Narcissism Chapter 4 Developmental and Theoretical Influences on the Conceptualization and Assessment of Youth Narcissism Chapter 5 Adaptive and Maladaptive Narcissism in Adolescent Development Chapter 6 Defensive Egotism and Aggression in Childhood: A New Lens on the Self-Esteem Paradox Chapter 7 On Environmental Sources of Child Narcissism: Are Parents Really to Blame? Chapter 8 Moving Beyond Parents in the Etiology of Narcissistic Traits Chapter 9 Narcissism, Positive Illusory Bias, and Externalizing Behaviors Part III Machiavellianism Chapter 10 Early Adoption of Machiavellian Attitudes: Implications for Children’s Interpersonal Relationships Chapter 11 The New Scoundrel on the Schoolyard: Contributions of Machiavellianism to the Understanding of Youth Aggression Chapter 12 Young Machiavellians and the Traces of Shame: Coping With Vulnerability to a Toxic Affect Chapter 13 Machiavellianism in Elementary School Children: Risk and Adaptation Conclusion: Current Themes, Future Directions, and Clinical Implications Regarding Narcissism and Machiavellianism in Youth Index About the Editors Emerging personality in childhood and adolescence : implications for the development of narcissism and Machiavellianism / Jennifer L. Tackett and Sarah Mackrell -- Psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism : distinct yet intertwining personality constructs / Kurt K. Stellwagen -- Self-esteem, narcissism, and Machiavellianism : implications for understanding antisocial behavior in adolescents and young adults / Edward A. Witt, M. Brent Donnellan, and Kali H. Trzesniewski -- Developmental and theoretical influences on the conceptualization and assessment of youth narcissism / Christopher T. Barry, Marion T. Wallace, and Matthew D. Guelker -- Adaptive and maladaptive narcissism in adolescent development / Patrick L. Hill and Daniel K. Lapsley -- Defensive egotism and aggression in childhood : a new lens on the self-esteem paradox / Marlene Sandstrom -- On environmental sources of child narcissism : are parents really to blame? / Robert S. Horton -- Moving beyond parents in the etiology of narcissistic traits / Jason J. Washburn and Leah D. Paskar -- Narcissism, positive illusory bias, and externalizing behaviors / Tammy D. Barry ... [et al.] -- Early adoption of Machiavellian attitudes : implications for children's interpersonal relationships / Virginia Slaughter -- The new scoundrel on the schoolyard : contributions of Machiavellianism to the understanding of youth aggression / Patricia K. Kerig and Holli E. Sink -- Young Machiavellians and the traces of shame : coping with vulnerability to a toxic affect / Doris McIlwain -- Machiavellianism in elementary school children : risk and adaptation / Hanneke Palmen ... [et al.] Narcissism and Machiavellianism in adult populations have been found to be risk factors for a variety of antisocial behaviors, from entitlement and exploitation to self-absorption and defensive egotism to violent psychopathology. Only more recently has an attempt been made to examine these constructs in children and adolescents. This book highlights how both traits may influence problematic youth social interactions as well as youth adaptation to developmental contexts such as peer relationships. International scholars examine potential risk and protective factors as well as the theory and existing evidence on youth narcissism as it relates to problematic behaviors, adaptive functioning, parenting, cultural context, and children's perception of their own competence.