NanoCarbon: A Wonder Material for Energy Applications. Volume 2: Fundamentals and Advancement for Energy Storage Applications 2

This book is part of a 2 volume book series that provides current, state-of-the-art knowledge, fundamentals of electrochemistry, design strategies, and future challenges in carbon-based materials for electrochemical energy production and storage devices. The key goals for nanocarbons based electrochemical devices are to provide safe operation, sustainability, high energy and power density, long working life, and reduced cost. This book describes the fundamentals and working principles of nanocarbons for basic to advanced applications for energy storage devices such as metal-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and flexible energy storage devices. The book is written by leading experts in these areas making this a suitable textbook for students and providing new directions to researchers and scientists working in science and technology areas. Cover Engineering Materials Series NanoCarbon: A Wonder Material for Energy Applications. Volume 2: Fundamentals and Advancement for Energy Storage Applications Copyright Preface Contents One-Dimensional Nanocarbon for Electrochemical Energy Applications 1. Introduction 2. Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocarbon 3. Electrochemical Energy Applications of Nanocarbon 3.1 Nanocarbon for Supercapacitors 3.2 Nanocarbon for Batteries 3.3 Nanocarbon for Fuel Cells 4. Conclusion and Outlook References Graphene-CNT Hybrid Structures for Energy Storage Applications 1. Introduction 2. Synthesis Methods for Graphene-CNT Hybrid Structures 2.1 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) 2.2 Hydrothermal/Solvothermal Synthesis 2.3 Electrochemical Deposition 2.4 Layer-by-Layer Assembly 2.5 Vacuum Filtration 3. Applications for Graphene-CNT Hybrid Structures 3.1 Supercapacitors 3.2 Batteries 4. Conclusions References A Review on IoT Energy Storage with Nanocarbon Materials: Requirements, State-of-the-Art, Challenges, and Future Scope 1. Introduction 2. IoT Energy Storage Requirements 2.1 Diverse Energy Needs Across IoT Applications 2.2 Miniaturization and Form Factor Constraints 2.3 Battery Life and Energy Efficiency 2.4 Environmental Factors and Sustainability Concerns 2.5 Safety and Reliability 2.6 Integration with Energy Harvesting Technologies 2.7 Customizability and Adaptability to Specific Application Needs 3. State-of-the-Art Nanocarbon Materials for IoT Energy Storage 3.1 Overview of Nanocarbon Materials and Their Properties 3.2 Applications of Nanocarbon Materials in IoT Energy Storage Devices 4. Nanocarbon-Based Energy Storage System Integration in IoT Applications 4.1 Introduction to Nanocarbon-Based Energy Storage System Integration in IoT 4.2 Requirements and Challenges of Integrating Nanocarbon-Based Energy Storage in IoT Applications 4.3 Case Studies and Examples of Successful Integration 4.4 Impact of Nanocarbon-Based Energy Storage on IoT Device Functionality and Performance 4.5 Limitations, Considerations, and Future Possibilities for Nanocarbon-Based Energy Storage System Integration in IoT 4.6 Key Takeaways 5. Emerging Trends in Nanocarbon-Based Energy Storage for IoT 5.1 Introduction to Emerging Trends and Future Directions in Nanocarbon-Based Energy Storage for IoT 5.2 Latest Research Advancements and Breakthroughs in Nanocarbon-Based Energy Storage Technologies 5.3 Ongoing Projects and Collaborations Shaping the Future of Nanocarbon-Based Energy Storage for IoT 5.4 Integration of Nanocarbon-Based Energy Storage with Emerging Technologies in IoT 5.5 Future Directions and Potential Applications of Nanocarbon-Based Energy Storage in IoT 5.6 Challenges and Considerations for the Future Development and Implementation of Nanocarbon-Based Energy Storage in IoT 5.7 Key Takeaways 6. Challenges and Future Scope 6.1 Challenges 6.2 Future Scope 7. Conclusion References Graphene-Based Metal-Ion Batteries 1. Graphene Production Methods 2. Graphene-Based Anodes for Monovalent Metal-Ion Batteries 2.1 Graphene Anodes 2.2 Porous Graphene Anodes 2.3 Heteroatoms Doped Graphene 2.4 Graphene-Composite Anodes 3. Graphene as Conductive Additives 4. Graphene-Based Current Collector 5. Graphene-Modified Separators 6. Graphene-Based Composites for Multivalent Metal-Ion Batteries 6.1 Al-Ion Batteries 6.2 Aqueous Zn-Ion Batteries 7. Summary References Graphene-Based Metal-Ion Batteries 1. Introduction 2. Metal-Ion Battery 2.1 Monovalent Metal-Ion Batteries 2.2 Divalent Metal Ion Batteries 2.3 Trivalent Metal Ion Battery 3. Developments and Improvements 3.1 Cathode Materials 3.2 Anode Materials 4. Conclusion References Carbon Nanotubes for Metal-Ion Batteries 1. Introduction 2. Carbon Nanotubes and Their Types 3. Various Role of CNTs in MIBs 3.1 Anode Materials 3.2 Cathode Materials 3.3 Current Collectors 3.4 CNTs as Conductive Additives and Structural Scaffolds 4. Cnts in Various Type of Metal-Ion Batteries 4.1 Carbon Nanotubes in LIBs 4.2 CNTs in Sodium-Ion Batteries 4.3 CNTs in Potassium-Ion Batteries 4.4 Carbon Nanotubes in High-Valence MIBs 5. Conclusions References Nanocomposites of Carbon for Metal-Air Batteries 1. Introduction 2. Mechanism and Need for Bifunctional Electrocatalyst 3. Non-precious Catalyst for Metal-Air Batteries 4. Recent Trends in Oxygen Electrocatalysis by Carbon Nano-composites 4.1 Recent Trends in Carbon Nano-composites for Aqueous Metal-Air Batteries 4.2 Recent Trends in Carbon Nano-Composites for Non-Aqueous Metal-Air Batteries 5. Future Potential and Conclusion References Carbon Nanotubes for Metal-Sulfur Batteries 1. Introduction 2. Properties and Manipulation of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) Materials 3. CNTs-Based Materials for Hosts of S Cathodes 4. CNTs-Based Materials as Multifunctional Interlayers 5. CNTs-Based Materials for Stabilizing M Anodes 6. Conclusion and Perspectives References Nanocarbon for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries 1. Introduction 2. Fundamentals and Synthesis of Nanocarbon 2.1 Carbon Nanotubes 2.2 Graphene 2.3 Carbon Nanofibers 2.4 Characterization Techniques 3. Types of Nanocarbon Materials for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries 3.1 Carbon Nanotubes 3.2 Graphene 3.3 Carbon Nanofibers 3.4 Bio-based Carbon 3.5 Carbon Nanospheres 3.6 Carbon Composites 4. Application of Nanocarbon for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries 4.1 Carbon Nanotubes 4.2 Graphene 4.3 Carbon Nanofibers 4.4 Bio-based Carbon 4.5 Carbon Nanospheres 4.6 Carbon Composites 5. Conclusion and Outlook 5.1 Positive Environmental Impact 5.2 Challenges and Potential Risks 5.3 Nanomaterials in Li–S Batteries References Carbon-Based Nanocomposites for Metal-Sulfur Batteries 1. Introduction 1.1 Through the Metal-Sulfur Batteries 2. Carbonaceous Materials for Metal-Sulfur Batteries 3. Principles of Operation and Lithium Polysulfide Species Formation on Metal-S Batteries 4. Strategies for the Formation of a Sulfur-Carbon Composite for Use in Li-S Batteries 5. Carbon Surface Functionalization and Its Relationship to the Anchoring of Deactivating Species in Li-S Batteries 6. Porosity Development in Carbonaceous Materials for the Sulfur-Carbon Composite Formation 7. Remarks References Carbon Nanotubes for Supercapacitors 1. Introduction 2. Carbon Nanotubes as Supercapacitors 3. Surface Functionalization of CNT 4. CNT Binary Composites 4.1 Supercapacitor from CNT and Metal Oxide Composite 4.2 Supercapacitor from CNT and Polymer Composite 5. CNT Ternary Composites 6. Conclusion References Graphene-Based Supercapacitors 1. Introduction 2. Graphene 3. Graphene Oxide (GO) 4. Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) 5. Graphene-Based Supercapacitor Electrode Materials 5.1 Graphene-Metal Oxide Composite for Supercapacitor 5.2 Graphene-Metal Phosphate Composite for Supercapacitor 5.3 Graphene-Metal Phosphide Composite for Supercapacitor 5.4 Graphene-Metal Sulfides Composite for Supercapacitor 5.5 Graphene-Conducting Polymers Composites for Supercapacitors 6. Summary and Conclusion References Bio-Based Carbon for Supercapacitors 1. Introduction 2. Synthesis and Characterization of Bio-Carbon 2.1 Synthesis of Bio-Carbon 2.2 Characterization of Bio-Carbon 3. Application of Bio-Based Carbons for Supercapacitors 3.1 Bio-Carbon for Supercapacitors 3.2 Nanocomposites of Bio-Carbon for Supercapacitors 3.3 Bio-Carbon for Flexible Supercapacitors 4. Conclusion and Outlook References Fullerenes and Its’ Derivatives: Marvels in Supercapacitor Technology 1. Introduction 1.1 Importance of Supercapacitors 1.2 Important Factors Relating to Designing of Carbon Electrodes 2. What Are Fullerenes? 3. Why Fullerenes Are Important in Supercapacitors? 4. Pristine Fullerenes in Supercapacitor Applications 5. Functionalized Fullerenes for Supercapacitors 6. Conclusion References Nanocomposites of Carbon for Supercapacitors 1. Introduction 2. Nanocarbons and Their Composites for Supercapacitor Applications 2.1 Activated Carbons (AC)/Porous Carbons and Their Based Composites 2.2 Graphene and Graphene-Based Composites 2.3 Carbon Nanotube and Their Composites 2.4 Carbon Nanofiber and Its Composites 2.5 Carbon Dots and Its Composites 2.6 Carbon Aerogel and Its Composites 3. Synthesis Methods for Nanocarbon Composites 3.1 Chemical Vapour Deposition Synthesis 3.2 Hydrothermal Synthesis Method 3.3 Sol–gel Synthesis 3.4 Co-precipitation Method 3.5 Electrochemical Deposition 3.6 Electrospinning 4. Future Aspects 5. Conclusions References High-Performance Carbon from Recycled Mattress for Supercapacitor Devices 1. Introduction 2. Carbon from Recycled Mattresses: Synthesis and Characterization 3. Carbon from Recycled Mattresses: Supercapacitor Applications 3.1 Charge Storage Mechanism 3.2 Type of Devices 3.3 Role of Electrolytes 4. Conclusion and Outlook References Nanocarbon for Flexible Energy Storage Devices 1. Introduction 2. Nanocarbon Materials and Their Properties 3. Advantages of Nanocarbon in Energy Storage 4. Nanocarbon Synthesis and Analysis 5. Nanocarbon-Based Electrodes 6. Nanocarbon-Based Electrolytes/Separators 7. Printable Nanocarbon Inks 8. Nanocarbon-Based Supercapacitors 9. Nanocarbon-Infused Lithium-Ion Batteries 10. Challenges and Future Directions References Graphene-Based Lithium/Sodium Metal Anodes 1. Introduction 2. Principles of Graphene-Reinforced Metal Anodes 2.1 Key Challenges of Li/Na Metal Anodes 2.2 Principles of Graphene Reinforced Metal Anodes 3. Graphene-Based Composites for Li/Na Metal Anodes 3.1 Graphene as an Artificial SEI Layer for Li/Na Metal Anodes 3.2 Graphene-Based Composites as the Host of Li/Na Metal Anodes 3.3 Graphene-Modified Separators for Li/Na Metal Anodes 3.4 Graphene Quantum Dots as Additives to Electrolyte 4. Conclusions References