Nanobiotechnology: Principles and Applications

Nanobiotechnology is the application of nanotechnology in biological fields. Nanobiotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that currently engages researchers in conventional as well as advanced avenues of engineering and natural sciences.The recent developments in nanobiotechnology have impacted various socio-economic sectors, including medical, agriculture, food, textile, and other industries. Although the integration of nanomaterials with biology has led to the development of diagnostic devices, contrast agents, analytical tools, therapy, and drug-delivery vehicles, bionanotechnology research is still in its infancy. The full potential of developments in this field have yet to be realized. This book discusses various nano-engineered materials or nanocarriers that are used in different situations. It presents 8 chapters that cover the application of nanobiomaterials in environmental remediation, nanofertilisers, nanobiotics against antimicrobial resistance, nanobiosensors in pathogen detection, and nanotoxicity assessments. Each chapter is structured into easy-to-read sections that explain fundamental and applied concepts of nanobiomaterials. Readers will gain a current view of the biotechnological application of modern nanomaterials and nanoparticles. The book is intended to be a primer for students and researchers in agriculture, biotechnology, and biomedical engineering courses. Cover Title Copyright End User License Agreement Contents Foreword Preface List of Contributors The Roles of Nanoparticles in Ovarian Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis Bitupon Gogoi1, Devendra Jain2, Madan Mohan Sharma1, Rajeev Mishra3,* and Abhijeet Singh1,* INTRODUCTION NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATION Nanocarriers Liposomes Dendrimers Micelles Carbon Nanotube DIAGNOSIS AND IMAGING Targeted Imaging Agents Nano-Liposomal Imaging Agents FLUORESCENT IMAGES AND GUIDED SURGERY NANOPARTICLE THERAPEUTICS (ANTI-CANCER) Size of the Nanoparticle Nanoparticle Surface CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Advances in Nano-remediation of Textile Dyes in Textile Industry Effluents: Current Developments and Future Prospects Baby Sharma1, Nilima Kumari2, Shruti Mathur3,* and Vinay Sharma4,* INTRODUCTION NANO REMEDIATION: DEFINITIONS AND AGENTS Carbon-based Nanomaterial Inorganic Nanomaterials Metal and Metal Oxide Based Nanomaterial Silica Nanomaterial Polymer-based Nano-materials NANO-REMEDIATION OF TEXTILE DYES: CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS Agents and their Efficiency Mechanism SCALE UP OF NANOREMEDIATION: CHALLENGES & FUTURE PROSPECTS Lack of Synchronisation between Stability, Activity and Selectivity Toxicity of Nanoparticles Lack of Optimised Scale up Efforts CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Interaction between Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Terrestrial Plants: An Overview of the Mode of Action and Future Perspectives Poonam Patel1, Prerna Dhingra2, S. L. Kothari3, Rohit Jain4,* and Sumita Kachhwaha2,* INTRODUCTION Titanium Dioxide NPs (TiO2 NPs) Copper Oxide NPs (CuO NPs) Zinc Oxide NPs (ZnO NPs) UPTAKE AND TRANSLOCATION OF MO NPS IN PLANT SYSTEM TiO2 NPs CuO NPs ZnO NPs MODE OF ACTION OF MO NPS TiO2 NPs CuO NPs ZnO NPs IMPACT OF MO NPS ON PLANT SYSTEM FUTURE PROSPECTS CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Role of Nanofertilizers in Agriculture-Futuristic Approach Ali Asger Bhojiya1,*, Abubakar Yahaya Muhammad2, Aliyu Ahmad Mahmud2, Umar Salisu Ahmad2, Monica Sen3 and Devendra Jain4,* INTRODUCTION CONVENTIONAL FERTILIZERS Challenges of Fertilizers In Present-Day Agriculture Practices Solutions to the Use of Fertilizer NANO FERTILIZERS (NF) Effects of Nanofertilizers on Fertilizers Advantages of Nanofertilizers Limitations of Nanofertilizers Comparative Analysis of Nanofertilizers over Conventional Chemical Fertilizers BIOSYNTHESIS OF NANO-FERTILIZERS: GENERAL APPROACH Approaches for the Synthesis of Nano Based Fertilizers Methods of Biosynthesis of Nano-fertilizers Physical Methods Chemical Methods Aerosol Route For Nanoparticle Synthesis Biological Methods GREEN SYNTHESIS OF NANO-BASED FERTILIZERS Micro-Organisms Assisted Biogenesis Bio-Template Assisted Biogenesis Plant Extract Assisted Biogenesis Green synthesis of Iron (Fe) Nanoparticles Green Synthesis of Silver (Ag) Nanoparticles Green Synthesis of Zinc (Zn) Nanoparticles CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Nanobiotics for the Treatment of MDR Infections Mrinalini Roy1, Surbhi Mewara1, Prashant Sharma1, Anupam Jyoti2, Vijay Kumar Srivastava1 and Sanket Kaushik1,* INTRODUCTION Nanobiotics The Amalgamation of Nanoparticles with Antimicrobials Multidrug Resistant ESKAPE Pathogens Nano Biotics-the Perfect Solution For MDR- broad-Spectrum Activity TYPES OF NANOPARTICLES Inorganic Nanoparticles Metal Nanoparticles Gold Nanoparticles Iron Oxides Nanoparticles Silver Nanoparticles Nanostructures Organic Nanoparticles Polymeric Nanoparticles (NPs) Carbon Nanotubes Liposomes Biomimetic Nanoparticles Leukocyte membrane-coated nanoparticles Red Blood Cell Membrane-coated Nanoparticles Cancer Cell Membrane-coated Nanoparticles (CCNPs) Platelet Membrane-coated Nanoparticles CHALLENGES IN NANOBIOTICS Allergic Responses Assembly of NPs Pharmacokinetics of NPs Application of Nanobiotics in Treatment of MDR Infections Metallic and Inorganic Nanobiotics Liposomal Nanobiotics Carbon based Nanobiotics Polymeric Nanobiotics Biomimetic Nanobiotics The Synergy Between Antibiotics and Nanoparticles Application of Nanobiotics in Diagnostics CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Metallic Nanoparticles as Antibacterial Agents Samridhi Sharma1, Monika1, Dong Wen-Liang2, Shavkatjon Azizov3,4 and Deepak Kumar1,* INTRODUCTION PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL NANOPARTICLES Size of Nanoparticles Shape of Nanoparticles Charge of Nanoparticles Acidic Conditions Concentration of Nanoparticles MODE OF ACTION AGAINST BACTERIA General Structure of Bacteria Nanoparticles' Antibacterial Mechanism Oxidative Stress Metal Ion Release Non-oxidative Mechanism SYNTHESIS OF NANOPARTICLES AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY Top-down Methods Bottom-up Methods Chemical Methods Biological Methods CONCLUSION FUTURE PERSPECTIVE CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Promises of Nanobiosensors in Pathogen Detection Anurag Jyoti1,*, Neha Shrivastava1, Vikas Shrivastava1 and Rajesh Singh Tomar1 INTRODUCTION Electrochemical-based Biosensors Voltametric Biosensors Amperometric-based Biosensors CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Breaking the Barriers of Nanotoxicological Assessments: The Importance of Available Models and Future Perspectives Abhinoy Kishore1, Indranil De1, Prashant Sharma1 and Manish Singh1,* INTRODUCTION NANOTOXICITY CAUSES AND MECHANISM IN VITRO SCREENING METHODS AND ASSAYS FOR NANOPARTICLE CYTOTOXICITY MODELS FUTURE PERSPECTIVES CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Subject Index Back Cover