Multiculturalism in Latin America: Indigenous Rights, Diversity and Democracy (Institute of Latin American Studies)

During the last fifteen years Latin American governments reformed their constitutions to recognize indigenous rights. The contributors to this book argue that these changes post fundamental challenges to accepted notions of democracy, citizenship and development in the region. Using case studies from Mexico, Guatemala, Bolivia and Peru, they analyze the ways in which new legal frameworks have been implemented, appropriated and contested within a wider context of accelerating economic and legal globalization, highlighting the key implications for social policy, human rights and social justice. Front Matter....Pages i-xiii Introduction....Pages 1-23 Indigenous Peoples and the State in Latin America: An Ongoing Debate....Pages 24-44 Constitutional Reform in the Andes: Redefining Indigenous-State Relations....Pages 45-73 Bolivia: From Indian and Campesino Leaders to Councillors and Parliamentary Deputies....Pages 74-102 Educational Reform in Guatemala: Lessons from Negotiations between Indigenous Civil Society and the State....Pages 103-128 Social Citizenship, Ethnic Minority Demands, Human Rights and Neoliberal Paradoxes: A Case Study in Western Mexico....Pages 129-156 Peru: Pluralist Constitution, Monist Judiciary — A Post-Reform Assessment....Pages 157-183 Recognising Indigenous Law and the Politics of State Formation in Mesoamerica....Pages 184-207 Latin America’s Multiculturalism: Economic and Agrarian Dimensions....Pages 208-226 Indigenous Peoples, Poverty and Participatory Development: The Experience of the World Bank in Latin America....Pages 227-251 The Excluded ‘Indigenous’? The Implications of Multi-Ethnic Policies for Water Reform in Bolivia....Pages 252-276 Back Matter....Pages 277-280 Cover 1 Contents 6 List of Figures, Tables and Appendices 8 Notes on Contributors 9 Acknowledgements 14 Introduction Rachel Sieder 15 1 Indigenous Peoples and the State in Latin America: An Ongoing Debate 38 2 Constitutional Reform in the Andes: Redefining Indigenous–State Relations 59 3 Bolivia: From Indian and Campesino Leaders to Councillors and Parliamentary Deputies 88 4 Educational Reform in Guatemala: Lessons from Negotiations between Indigenous Civil Society and the State 117 5 Social Citizenship, Ethnic Minority Demands, Human Rights and Neoliberal Paradoxes: A Case Study in Western Mexico 143 6 Peru: Pluralist Constitution, Monist Judiciary – A Post-Reform Assessment 171 7 Recognising Indigenous Law and the Politics of State Formation in Mesoamerica 198 8 Latin America’s Multiculturalism: Economic and Agrarian Dimensions 222 9 Indigenous Peoples, Poverty and Participatory Development: The Experience of the World Bank in Latin America 241 10 The Excluded ‘Indigenous’? The Implications of Multi-Ethnic Policies for Water Reform in Bolivia 266 Index 291

During the last 15 years Latin American governments reformed their constitutions to recognize indigenous rights. The contributors to this book argue that these changes pose fundamental challenges to accepted notions of democracy, citizenship, and development in the region. Using case studies from Mexico, Guatemala, Bolivia, and Peru, they analyze the ways in which new legal frameworks have been implemented, appropriated and contested within a wider context of accelerating economic and legal globalization, highlighting the key implications for social policy, human rights, and social justice.

One of the more remarkable developments that took place in Latin America during the last two decades of the twentieth century was the emergence of indigenous peoples as new social and political actors and their implantation in the national consciousness of the region's countries. In case studies from Mexico, Guatemala, Bolivia and Peru, the authors analyse how legal frameworks have been implemented, appropriated and contested within a context of accelerating economic and legal globalization.