Movies on Our Minds : The Evolution of Cinematic Engagement

This book traces the development of popular cinema from its inception to the present day to understand why humankind has expanded its viewing of popular movies over the last century. Drawing from his extensive work as a psychologist studying artistic canons, James E. Cutting presents hundreds of films across a wide range of genres and eras, considers the structure of frame content, shots, scenes, and larger narrational elements defined by color, brightness, motion, clutter, and range of other variables. He examines the effects of camera lenses, image layout, transitions, and historical functions to classify different kinds of shots. He explains the arcs of scenes, the larger structure of sequences, and the scene- and sequence-like units that have become increasingly prevalent in recent years. The book then breaks movies into larger, roughly half-hour parts and espouses the psychological evidence behind each device's intended effect, ultimately exploring the rhythms of whole movies, the flow of physical changes, and the cinematic polyrhythms that have come to match aspects those in the human body. Along the way, the book considers cultural and technological evolutions that have contributed to shifts in viewers' engagement by sustaining attention, promoting understanding of the narrative, heightening emotional commitment, and fostering felt presence in the story. Movies on Our Minds asks critical questions about how our emotional processes and the way our experiences of movies have changed over the course of cinematic history, for a cutting-edge look at what makes popular movies enjoyable. Why do we enjoy popular movies? This book explores perceptual, cognitive, and emotional reasons for our engagement. It considers effects of camera lenses and the layout of images. It outlines the types of transitions between shots, and it traces their historical functions and changes. It classifies different kinds of shots and the changes in them across a century. It explains the arcs of scenes and how they fit into the larger structure of sequences, and then it explores scene- and sequence-like units that have become increasingly prevalent in recent years. It then breaks movies into larger, roughly half-hour parts and provides psychological evidence for them. Finally, it explores the rhythms of whole movies, first observing the flow of physical changes—shot durations, luminance, motion, and clutter—as it has developed over time, and then how cinematic polyrhythms have come to match aspects of those in the human body. Overall, this book focuses on how the narration, the manner in which the story is told, has come to reinforce the structure of the narrative, the story proper. It uses several hundred popular movies released over a century and embeds its exploration in discussions of evolution, culture, and technological change. The changes in movies have contributed to viewers’ engagement by sustaining attention, promoting understanding of the narrative, heightening emotional commitment, and fostering their felt presence in the story. Examples of cinematic effects in particular movies are given at every turn. This book traces the development of popular cinema from its inception to the present day to understand why humankind has expanded its viewing of popular movies over the last century. During its short history, movies have evolved to enhance our engagement, thereby changing the way we perceive, understand, and respond to them emotionally. Drawing from hundreds of films across a wide range of genres and eras, the book considers the structure of frame content, shots, scenes, and larger narrational elements defined by color, brightness, motion, clutter, and range of other variables. Along the way, the book explores cultural and technological evolutions that have contributed to shifts in viewers' engagement by sustaining attention, promoting interpretations of the narrative, heightening emotional commitment, and fostering felt presence in the story. Through this lens, Movies on Our Minds asks critical questions about how we perceive, understand, and respond emotionally to movies over cinematic history. -- From dust jacket This title traces the development of popular cinema from its inception to the present day to understand why humankind has expanded its viewing of popular movies over the last century. Drawing from his extensive work as a psychologist studying artistic canons, James E. Cutting presents hundreds of films across a wide range of genres and eras, considers the structure of frame content, shots, scenes, and larger narrational elements defined by color, brightness, motion, clutter, and range of other variables. He examines the effects of camera lenses, image layout, transitions, and historical functions to classify different kinds of shots. He explains the arcs of scenes, the larger structure of sequences, and the scene- and sequence-like units that have become increasingly prevalent in recent years "We used to go to the movies. We used to speak of flicks, even flicking out. We used to stand in line with friends in delicious anticipation to buy tickets for a movie that got a rapturous review. We used to be ushered into blinding darkness within cavernous halls of downtown gilded-age theaters to look at enormous screens. And we might go without regard to when the feature began, enter in the middle, sit through its ending, its double-bill and shorts, and only then watch the beginning of what we wanted to see. A small personal triumph occurred when, seeing a flick with friends or family, you were the first one to get up to leave announcing that "this was the place in the movie where we came in."-- Provided by publisher cover Movies on Our Minds Copyright Dedication Contents Preface and Acknowledgments 1. The Power of Movies and a Method to Study It 2. Popular Movies and Technology 3. Viewing and Lenses 4. Mise-​en-​Cadre 5. Transitions 6. An Interlude on Shots and Cultural Change 7. Shots and Sound 8. The Most Important Shot in Popular Cinema 9. Continuity, Discontinuity, and Scenes 10. Montages, Sequences, and Syntagmas 11. Stories and Their Parts 12. Narrational Complexity 13. The Web and Flow of Popular Cinema 14. Structure, Engagement, and Evolution References Index