Mouton Atlas of Languages and Cultures. Vol 1. Europe and West, Central, and South Asia 1

The notion of cultural aspects of language variation and change is a growing field. However, collective works on the current stance within this domain are still scarce. The Mouton Atlas of Languages and Cultures embraces a substantial part of the Eurasian continent and equips the reader to better observe, reconstruct and understand the impact of culture and cultural changes on language diversity and linguistic developments. Along the way, a fascinating range of interdisciplinary issues, from database encoding conventions to etymologies and cultural anthropology, are discussed. Based on an extensive database assembled by Gerd Carling and her team in Lund, Sweden, the atlas presents typological and lexical data of more than 200 ancient and modern languages, many encoded for the very first time. Alongside classic maps, the atlas features new visualizations, such as polygons and network diagrams, which smartly illustrate complex linguistic patterns of borrowability, co-lexification and semantic evolution and thereby provide entirely new perspectives. In collaboration with Acherdan Abregov, Elnur Aliyev, Leila Avidzba, Chundra Cathcart, Merab Chukhua, Sandra Cronhamn, Robert Farren, Johan Frid, Anne Goergens, Josine Greidanus, Teimuraz Gvantseladze, Harald Hammarström, Arthur Holmer, Niklas Johansson, Madzhid Khalilov, Edin Kuckovic, Filip Larsson, Tamar Lomadze, Mikael Novén, Ante Petrović, Erich Round, Revaz Tchantouria, Maka Tetradze, Larisa Tuptsokova, Karina Vamling, Briana Van Epps, Rob Verhoeven, Ola Wikander, Astrid Zimmermann. The notion of cultural aspects of language variation and change is a growing field. However, collective works on the current stance within this domain are still scarce. The Mouton Atlas of Languages and Cultures embraces a substantial part of the Eurasian continent and equips the reader to better observe, reconstruct and understand the impact of culture and cultural changes on language diversity and linguistic developments. Along the way, a fascinating range of interdisciplinary issues, from database encoding conventions to etymologies and cultural anthropology, are discussed. Based on an extensive database assembled by Gerd Carling and her team in Lund, Sweden, the atlas presents typological and lexical data of more than 200 ancient and modern languages, many encoded for the very first time. Alongside classic maps, the atlas features new visualizations, such as polygons and network diagrams, which smartly illustrate complex linguistic patterns of borrowability, co-lexification and semantic evolution and thereby provide entirely new perspectives. In collaboration with Acherdan Abregov, Elnur Aliyev, Leila Avidzba, Chundra Cathcart, Merab Chukhua, Sandra Cronhamn, Robert Farren, Johan Frid, Anne Goergens, Josine Greidanus, Teimuraz Gvantseladze, Harald Hammarstrm, Arthur Holmer, Niklas Johansson, Madzhid Khalilov, Edin Kuckovic, Filip Larsson, Tamar Lomadze, Mikael Novn, Ante Petrovi, Erich Round, Revaz Tchantouria, Maka Tetradze, Larisa Tuptsokova, Karina Vamling, Briana Van Epps, Rob Verhoeven, Ola Wikander, Astrid Zimmermann. DiACL - Diachronic Atlas of Comparative Linguistics Historical linguistics is a growing field, and so is the notion of the role of cultural aspects as involved in language diversity. However, a collective work on the current stand within this field is lacking, in particular for little researched areas such as the Amazon.Computational methods, as well as new technologies for geographic mapping and data base management have opened new possibilities for looking at history of language and culture, based on earlier theories. These methods are used as complementary to established methods, such as comparative method, areal method, and relative and absolute chronology.The current atlas will focus on the following topics: 1. language spread and diversity in relation to ecology, subsistence, and cultural contact, 2. functionality in culture, as expressed in cultural vocabulary, 3. indications of contact by means of borrowings of cultural vocabulary and linguistic typology.The book will be based on a rich new data (from about 400 languages), which will be available open source via a geographic database. The volume will be of relevance for students and researchers of linguistics, cultural anthropology, human ecology, archaeology, and adjacent disciplines. DiACL - Diachronic Atlas of Comparative Linguistics https://snd.gu.se/en/catalogue/study/ext0269 Preface 5 Contributors 7 Funding and support 8 Abbreviations 9 Orthographic conventions for Caucasian languages 14 Overview of conventions 15 Overview of tables 17 Overview of figures 19 Overview of maps 23 Overview of appendices 27 Contents 29 1. Introduction 33 2. Theoretical backdrop: words, things, and humans in their environment 46 3. Language: classification, reconstruction, and principles of change 49 4. Description of the database Diachronic Atlas of Comparative Linguistics 55 5. Atlas: Grammar 59 6. Atlas: Lexicon 211 7. Concluding chapter: an integrated view of the linguistic and cultural histories of Eurasia 410 Literature 419 Appendix 1: Languages of the current atlas 433 Appendix 2a: Grammar: Features, complete list (from DiACL) 437 Appendix 2b: Grammar: State combinations 443 Appendix 2c: Grammar: State combinations in languages 446 Appendix 2d: Grammar: Solutions 1–10 by Structure 458 Appendix 3a: Lexicon: list of concepts, coverage by family 462 Appendix 3b: Lexical data 465 Appendix 3c: Lexical data: statistics 727 Appendix 3d: Lexicon: Source language data, flow map 735 Appendix 4a: Language consultants 737 Appendix 4b: Literary sources 739 Appendix 4c: Geographical sources 751 Map Credits 752 Index 755 The volume is a handbook on the history of language and culture of the agriculture areas of Eurasia, Pacific and Amazon, based on contemporary and historical lexical, cultural and typological data from 17 families and 400 languages. The atlas, which is complemented by a geodatabase with all data available online, aims at integrating old and new methodologies for investigating diversity, spread and contact of language and culture in (pre)history