Motion, Direction and Location in Languages: In Honour of Zygmunt Frajzyngier (Typological Studies in Language)

This book contributes to an area of study that is of interest to linguists of all backgrounds. Typological in nature this volume presents data analysis from the major language families of Africa as well as Sino-Tibetan, Austronesian, Japanese, Indo-European, Siouan and Penutian. The 16 contributors to the volume share a commitment to examining the language phenomena pertaining to the volume’s theme with a fresh eye. While most of the papers make reference to existing theoretical frameworks, each also makes a novel and sometimes surprising contribution to the body of knowledge and theory concerning motional, directional and locational predicates, complements, morphology, adpositions and other phenomena. This collection of articles suitably complements courses on comparative and diachronic linguistics, semantics, syntax, typology, or field methods. TSL 56 Motion, Direction and Location in Languages 2 Editorial page 3 Title page 4 Copyright page 5 Table of contents 6 DEDICATION 8 EDITORS' INTRODUCTION 10 References 15 Zygmunt Frajzyngier *April 3, 1938 18 ZYGMUNT FRAJZYNGIER'S CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE STUDY OF LANGUAGE STRUCTURE 22 Acknowledgement 35 Index 35 THE MYTH OF DOUBLY GOVERNING PREPOSITIONS IN GERMAN 36 1. Anecdote: German as a foreign language (DaF) 36 2. The phenomenon, the grammatical opinio communis, and first doubts about it 36 3. Semantically motivated syntax 42 3.1 The distributional shibboleth 42 3.2 The syntax of perfective predications 46 3.3 Valence decomposition 47 3.4 Redundancy and specific word syntax 48 4. Areal correlation for the alternation hin-auf ≠ auf-hin 50 5. Conclusion - and further implications 52 Notes 54 Abbreviations 54 References 54 LOCALISATION ET MOUVEMENT DANS LE SYNTAGME VERBAL DU GROUPE TCHADIQUE CENTRAL 56 1.Les morphèmes de dérivation 56 2.Les suffixations et leur position stable dans le syntagme verbal 57 3.Les suffixes locatifs et les fonctionnels 59 4.La comparaison des suffixes locatifs et directionnels 60 Notes 62 Abbréviations 62 Références 67 LEFT, RIGHT, AND THE CARDINAL DIRECTIONS SOME THOUGHTS ON CONSISTENCY AND USAGE 68 1. Introduction 68 2. Left and right 71 3. Cardinal directions 72 4. Conclusions 73 References 74 LOCATION AND DIRECTION IN KLAMATH 76 1. Spatial relations 77 1.1 Location and Direction 77 1.2 Location and direction in the Old World: Adpositions and their precursors 80 2. The Klamath solution 82 2.1 The Klamath language 82 2.1.1 Structural features of Klamath 83 2.1.2 Outline of the Klamath verb 84 2.2 The Lexical Prefixes 85 2.3 Location and direction in Klamath 85 2.3.1 LDS 's as stem elements 87 2.3.2 The semantic range of the LDS category 88 2.3.3 Argument structure of the LDS's 90 3. The origin and categorial status of the LDS category 93 3.1 Barker's analysis 93 3.2 Evidence for the verbal origin of the LDS's 94 3.2.1 Comparative Evidence 95 3.2.2.1 Conjugation classes 97 3.2.2.2 Reduplication 98 4. LDS's and English prepositions 100 Notes 103 Abbreviations 104 References 105 LOCATIVES AS CORE CONSTITUENTS 108 1. Core versus peripheral constituents 108 2. Some common ways of marking core versus peripheral roles 109 2.1 Head-marking strategies 109 2.2 Dependent-marking strategies 117 2.3 Double marking 119 2.4 Serial verb constructions 120 3. Thematic grid 121 Acknowledgement 124 Abbreviations 125 References 125 'COME' AND 'GO' AS DISCOURSE CONNECTORS IN KERA AND OTHER CHADIC LANGUAGES 128 1. Introduction 128 2. Patterns and functions in Kera 128 3. Deictic explicators 129 4. Expressing consequence and surprise 130 5. raw / raawe 133 6. Other Chadic languages 133 6.1 Margi 133 6.2 Mupun 136 Notes 138 References 138 ALTRILOCALITY IN TANGALEAND TUAREG: A COMMON HERITAGE FEATURE? 140 1. The altrilocal-ventive or distance stem 141 2. Hausa -oo /Mokilko -o < *-ad or *-an ? 142 3. Tangale -du / -na = Tuareg -du / -in ? 143 4. Conclusion 144 Acknowledgements 144 Abbreviations 145 Bibliography 145 LOCATION AND MOTION IN !XUN (NAMIBIA) 146 1. Introduction 146 2. Categories 148 2.1 Location 149 2.2 Motion 153 2.3. Derivational extensions 155 3. Chains 156 3.1 The noun-to-postposition chain 156 3.2 The verb-to-comparative chain 158 3.3 The verb-to-preposition chain 160 3.4 The verb-to-derivation chain 162 3.5 On the role of coverbs 163 4. Conclusions 163 Abbreviations 165 Notes 165 References 167 DIRECTIONALITY AND DISPLACED DIRECTIONALITY IN TOQABAQITA 168 1. Introduction 168 2. Historical, comparative and synchronic background 169 3. Directionality of physical motion through space 170 4. Directionality without physical motion 175 5. Displaced directionality 177 6. Other functions of the directionals 183 6.1 The venitive directional as an ingressive marker 183 6.2 The venitive directional as a marker of distance from the deictic center 184 6.3 The venitive directional as a continuative marker 186 6.4 The directionals used in noun phrases 187 7. Summary and conclusions 189 Abbreviations 190 Notes 191 References 191 MOTION, DIRECTION AND SPATIAL CONFIGURATION: A LEXICAL SEMANTIC STUDY OF'HANG' VERBS IN MANDARIN 194 1. Introduction 194 2. The data 195 3. Grammatical distribution and event structure 195 4. Locative inversion and conceptualization of spatial relation 197 5. Image schema and semantic attributes 199 6.Conclusion 202 Notes 203 References 203 CODING LOCATION, MOTION AND DIRECTION IN OLD BABYLONIAN AKKADIAN 206 1. Purpose of the paper 206 2. Location in Old Akkadian Babylonian 206 2.1 Location coded by case markers 206 2.1.1 The locative-adverbial case marker -urn 207 2.1.1.1 The locative-adverbial case with nouns 207 2.1.1.2 The locative-adverbial marker in adverb 210 2.1.2 Coding location by the terminative-adverbial case ending -is 210 2.1.3 Coding location by accusative 211 2.2 Coding location by prepositions 212 2.2.1 Simple prepositions 212 2.2.2 Complex prepositions 215 3. Motion in Old Babylonian Akkadian 216 4. Direction 219 4.1 Coding the goal of motion by prepositions 220 4.1.1 Simple prepositions 220 4.1.2 Complex prepositions 221 4.2 Coding the goal of motion by the terminative-adverbial marker -is 222 4.3 Coding the goal of motion by verb and ventive 222 5. Conclusions 224 Acknowledgements 225 Abbreviations 225 Notes 226 References 226 MOTIONEVENTS IN CHANTYAL 228 1. Introduction 228 2. Chantyal as a verb-framed language 229 2.1. Talmy's typology 229 2.2.Chantyal's place in Talmy's typology 231 3. Deviations from the verb-framed typology 237 3.1. Relative dearth of path verbs 237 3.2. Extensive use of directional satellites and case clitics 238 3.3. Elaboration of path 242 4. Summary and conclusion 246 Appendix: Typological Sketch of Chantyal 247 Abbreviations 248 Notes 249 References 250 LOCATIVE PREPOSITIONS IN CHADIC: LEXICAL OR GRAMMATICAL MORPHEMES 252 1. Introduction 252 2. Typology of predicate phrases with the locative constituent in Chadic 253 2.1 Predications coding the meaning 'to be in a place' 254 2.2 Predications with verbs of motion 257 2.2.1 Other predications with locative expressions 261 2.2.2 Nouns in the relational function (N/Rel) 262 2.2.3 Spatial prepositions (Prep/Spatial) 262 2.2.4 Locative Prepositions (Prep/Loc) 263 3. The role of the context in determining the use of locative markers 264 3.1 Inherently locative expressions vs. marked locative expressions 265 4. Grammaticalization vs. lexicalization in locative constructions of Chadic 266 5. Summary and conclusions 268 Notes 269 Abbreviations 270 References 270 TWO LAKHOTA LOCATIVES AND THE ROLE OF INTROSPECTION IN LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS 272 References 275 DIRECTIONAL VERBS IN JAPANESE 276 1. Verbs of coming and going 276 2. Verbs of coming and going in the conjunctive compound form 280 3. Verbs of going and coming as vectors 281 4. Kuru 'come' as an inverse marker 290 5. Verbs of giving 296 6. Benefactive applicatives 298 7 Conclusion 301 Notes 301 Abbreviations 302 References 303 L'ENCODAGE DE LA LOCALISATION,DE LA DIRECTION ET DU MOUVEMENT DANS LESLANGUES « KOTOKO » DU CAMEROUN 304 1.Introduction 304 2.Les catégories grammaticales en jeu 304 2.1 Lexémes 304 2.2Droite / gauche 305 2.3 Ici / là 305 2.4Adverbes et noms adverbialisés 305 2.5Morphèmes 306 2.6Prépositions 306 2.7Adverbe interrogatif 307 2.8Spécificateurs 307 2.9Postpositions 308 2.10Pronoms locatifs 308 2.11 Copule locative 309 3.Structures syntaxiques où s'exprime la localisation 309 3.1L'énoncé non verbal sans copule 309 3.2L'énoncé non verbal avec copule 309 4.Structures syntaxiques où s'exprime la direction 310 4.1L'énoncé verbal avec 'aller'/'partir' 310 4.2L'énoncé verbal avec un verbe [+déplacement orienté] 311 4.3L'énoncé verbal avec un verbe [-déplacement] 311 4.4L'énoncé verbal à circonstant obligatoire 312 5.Structures syntaxiques où s'exprime le mouvement centripète 312 5.1L'énoncé verbal avec morphème centripète 312 Notes 313 Abréviations 314 Bibliographie sommaire 314 Index 316 Zygmunt Frajzyngier*april 3, 1938 / Erin Shay -- Zygmunt Frajzyngier's Contributions To The Study Of Lanugage Structure / Uwe Seibert -- The Myth Of Doubly Governing Prepositions In German / Werner Abraham -- Localisation Et Mouvement Dans Le Syntagme Verbal Du Groupe Tchadique Central / Veronique De Colombel. Edited By Erin Shay, Uwe Seibert. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.