Mosses, liverworts, and hornworts : status survey and conservation action plan for bryophytes

This Plan reviews the situation of Bryophytes world-wide and proposes a variety of initiatives. It is aimed at those who work with and care about nature conservation, including governmental and non-governmental organisations as well as politicians and the general interested public. contents.pdf Cover Foreword file://foreword.pdf#page=1 Acknowledgements file://acknowledgements.pdf#page=1 The IUCN/SSC Bryophyte Specialist Group file://acknowledgements.pdf#page=1 Executive Summary file://exec summary.pdf#page=1 Resúmen file://resumen.pdf#page=1 Résumé file://resume.pdf#page=1 1. Introduction file://1.introduction.pdf#page=1 2. Classification and Number of Bryophyte Species file://2.classification.pdf#page=1 2.1 Classification file://2.classification.pdf#page=2 2.2 Identification file://2.classification.pdf#page=3 2.3 Origin file://2.classification.pdf#page=4 2.4 Number of species file://2.classification.pdf#page=4 3. The Importance of Bryophytes file://3.importance.pdf#page=1 3.1 The ecological role of bryophytes file://3.importance.pdf#page=1 3.1.1 Water retention file://3.importance.pdf#page=1 3.1.2 Large biomass file://3.importance.pdf#page=2 3.1.3 Colonisation, soil stabilisation, and accumulation of humus file://3.importance.pdf#page=2 3.1.4 Peat formation file://3.importance.pdf#page=2 3.1.5 Relationships with other organisms file://3.importance.pdf#page=2 3.2 The economic and medicinal uses of bryophytes file://3.importance.pdf#page=2 3.3 Bryophytes as indicators file://3.importance.pdf#page=3 3.3.1 Pollution indicators file://3.importance.pdf#page=3 3.3.2 Indicators of natural environmental conditions file://3.importance.pdf#page=3 3.4 The cultural and aesthetic qualities of bryophytes file://3.importance.pdf#page=4 3.5 Bryophytes in science and education file://3.importance.pdf#page=5 4. Threats to Bryophytes file://4.threats.pdf#page=1 4.1 General threats file://4.threats.pdf#page=1 4.2 Lack of bryophyte conservation awareness file://4.threats.pdf#page=2 4.3 Gaps in the current knowledge base file://4.threats.pdf#page=2 5. Key Habitats and their Specific Threats and Recommendations file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=1 5.1 Habitat destruction and degradation file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=1 5.2 Forests file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=1 5.2.1 Threats file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=1 5.2.2 Recommendations file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=2 5.2.3 Montane tropical cloud forest file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=2 5.2.4 Lowland old-growth tropical rainforest file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=2 5.2.5 Lowland old-growth boreal forest file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=3 5.2.6 Lowland secondary forest, including park and pasture woodland file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=4 5.3 Non-forested habitats file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=3 5.3.1 Montane cliffs, rocks, and soil slopes file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=3 5.3.2 Tundra file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=4 5.3.3 Ravines file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=4 5.3.4 Lowland rock exposures file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=5 5.3.5 Coastal grassland, rocks, and thin turf file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=6 5.3.6 Lowland riverine and aquatic systems, including pools, and reservoirs file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=5 5.3.7 Upland flushes, springs, mountain streams and waterfalls file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=6 5.3.8 Cultivated fields file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=6 5.3.9 Lowland fens file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=6 5.3.10 Lowland bogs file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=7 5.3.11 Heavy metal-rich rocks and mine waste file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=7 5.3.12 Páramos file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=8 5.3.13 Prairie, steppe, salt steppe, and gypsum-rich soils file://5.key habitats.pdf#page=8 6. Regional Overviews file://6.regional overviews.pdf#page=1 6.1 Australasia file://6.regional overviews.pdf#page=1 6.2 East and Southeast Asia file://6.regional overviews.pdf#page=6 6.3 Sub-Saharan Africa file://6.regional overviews.pdf#page=10 6.4 Southern South America file://6.regional overviews.pdf#page=14 6.5 Tropical America (incl. Mexico) file://6.regional overviews.pdf#page=17 6.6 Europe (incl. Macaronesia) file://6.regional overviews.pdf#page=23 6.7 North America file://6.regional overviews.pdf#page=29 7. Conservation Measures file://7.conservation.pdf#page=1 7.1 Habitat approach file://7.conservation.pdf#page=1 7.1.1 Achieving habitat protection file://7.conservation.pdf#page=1 7.1.2 Habitat function approach to habitat protection file://7.conservation.pdf#page=1 7.1.3 Funding habitat protection file://7.conservation.pdf#page=1 7.2 Species approach file://7.conservation.pdf#page=3 7.2.1. Species approach to habitat protection file://7.conservation.pdf#page=3 7.2.2 Flagship and indicator species file://7.conservation.pdf#page=3 7.2.3 Keystone species file://7.conservation.pdf#page=3 7.3 Legal instruments file://7.conservation.pdf#page=3 8. Recommendations file://8.recommendations.pdf#page=1 References file://references.pdf#page=1 Glossary file://glossary.pdf#page=1 Appendix 1. Guidelines for Application of the 1994 IUCN Red List Categories of Threats to Bryophytes file://appendix1.pdf#page=1 Appendix 2. The 2000 IUCN World Red List of Bryophytes file://appendix2.pdf#page=1 Appendix 3. Examples of Projects for Bryophyte Conservation file://appendix3.pdf#page=1 Appendix 4. Resolutions from the Second Symposium on Conservation of Bryophytes in Europe held in Zurich, 5th-8th September 1994 file://appendix4.pdf#page=1 Appendix 5. Resolutions Adopted by the Second Planta Europa Conference, Uppsala, 13 June 1998 file://appendix5.pdf#page=1 Appendix 6. IUCN/SSC Bryophyte Specialist Group Members and contributing Authors file://appendix6.pdf#page=1 Appendix 7. IUCN Red List Categories file://appendix7.pdf#page=1foreword.pdf Contents file://contents.pdfacknowledgements.pdf Contents file://contents.pdfexec%20summary.pdf Contents file://contents.pdfresumen.pdf Contents file://contents.pdf1.introduction.pdf Contents file://contents.pdf2.classification.pdf Contents file://contents.pdf3.importance.pdf Contents file://contents.pdf4.threats.pdf Contents file://contents.pdf5.key%20habitats.pdf Contents file://contents.pdf6.regional%20overviews.pdf Contents file://contents.pdf7.conservation.pdf Contents file://contents.pdf8.recommendations.pdf Contents file://contents.pdfreferences.pdf Contents file://contents.pdfglossary.pdf Contents file://contents.pdfappendix1.pdf Contents file://contents.pdfappendix2.pdf Contents file://contents.pdfappendix3.pdf Contents file://contents.pdfappendix4.pdf Contents file://contents.pdfappendix5.pdf Contents file://contents.pdfappendix6.pdf Contents file://contents.pdfappendix7.pdf