Moral Movements and Foreign Policy (Cambridge Studies in International Relations)

Why Do Advocacy Campaigns Succeed In Some Cases But Fail In Others? What Conditions Motivate States To Accept Commitments Championed By Principled Advocacy Movements? Joshua W. Busby Sheds Light On These Core Questions Through An Investigation Of Four Cases - Developing Country Debt Relief, Climate Change, Aids, And The International Criminal Court - In The G-7 Advanced Industrialized Countries (canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, The United Kingdom, And The United States). Drawing On Hundreds Of Interviews With Policy Practitioners, He Employs Qualitative, Comparative Case Study Methods, Including Process-tracing And Typologies, And Develops A Framing/gatekeepers Argument, Emphasizing The Ways In Which Advocacy Campaigns Use Rhetoric To Tap Into The Main Cultural Currents In The Countries Where They Operate. Busby Argues That When Values And Costs Potentially Pull In Opposing Directions, Values Will Win If Domestic Gatekeepers Who Are Able To Block Policy Change Believe That The Values At Stake Are Sufficiently Important-- 1. States Of Grace; 2. Movement Success And State Acceptance Of Normative Commitments; 3. Bono Made Jesse Helms Cry: Jubilee 2000 And The Campaign For Developing Country Debt Relief; 4. Climate Change: The Hardest Problem In The World; 5. From God's Mouth: Messenger Effects And Donor Responses To Hiv/aids; 6. The Search For Justice And The International Criminal Court; 7. Conclusions And The Future Of Principled Advocacy. Joshua W. Busby. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Half-title 3 Series-title 5 Title 7 Copyright 8 Dedication 9 Contents 11 Figures 12 Tables 13 Acknowledgments 15 1 States of grace 17 2 Movement success and state acceptance of normative commitments 49 Defining terms: movements, movement success, and state acceptance 50 Movements 51 Movement success/state acceptance 52 Explaining movement success/state acceptance 55 A partial explanation: material interest 58 State interest arguments 59 Individual interest arguments 61 The limits of explanations based on self-interest 62 A more complete explanation: framing-meets-gatekeepers 65 When are advocates influential? 79 Conclusion 84 3 Bono made Jesse Helms cry: Jubilee 2000 and the campaign for developing country debt relief 86 Background on debt relief 88 A partial explanation: material interest 94 A more complete explanation: framing-meets-gatekeepers 98 Jubilee 2000 and debt relief in the United States and Japan 102 The United States 104 Japan 109 4 Climate change: the hardest problem in the world 120 Background on climate change negotiations 122 A partial explanation: material interest 132 A more complete explanation: framing/gatekeepers with a focus on reputation 136 Reputational ratification of Kyoto in Japan and Canada 154 Japan 159 Canada 161 Conclusion 163 5 From God’s mouth: messenger effects and donor responses to HIV/AIDS 167 Background on HIV/AIDS and donor responses to the pandemic 169 A partial explanation: material interest 175 A more complete explanation: framing/gatekeepers with a focus on messengers 182 Global AIDS policy in the United States, Japan, and Germany 193 The United States 194 Germany and Japan 206 Conclusion 216 Appendix 5A: Evaluations of actual fair sharecontributions to global AIDS efforts 218 Appendix 5B: Mission and dominant frame ofvarious advocacy organizations 221 Appendix 5C: Reasons for foreign assistance 223 Appendix 5D: Aggregating support for foreignassistance 224 6 The search for justice and the International Criminal Court 226 Background on the International Criminal Court 229 A partial explanation: material interest 237 A more complete explanation: framing/gatekeepers with a focus on subjective cost assessments 243 Ratification of the Rome Statute in the UK and France 254 The United Kingdom’s accession to the International Criminal Court 256 France’s accession to the International Criminal Court 262 Conclusion 268 Appendix 6A: Additional opinion polls on supportfor human rights 270 7 Conclusions and the future of principled advocacy 271 The financial crisis 272 The United States and the world 275 Campaign failure and failure to campaign 277 The contributions of this book 280 Conclusion 284 Bibliography 289 Index 330 Cambridge Studies in International Relations 345 0521768721,9780521768726,0521125669,9780521125666 Cambridge University Press "Why do advocacy campaigns succeed in some cases but fail in others? What conditions motivate states to accept commitments championed by principled advocacy movements? Joshua W. Busby sheds light on these core questions through an investigation of four cases - developing country debt relief, climate change, AIDS, and the International Criminal Court - in the G-7 advanced industrialized countries (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). Drawing on hundreds of interviews with policy practitioners, he employs qualitative, comparative case study methods, including process-tracing and typologies, and develops a framing/gatekeepers argument, emphasizing the ways in which advocacy campaigns use rhetoric to tap into the main cultural currents in the countries where they operate. Busby argues that when values and costs potentially pull in opposing directions, values will win if domestic gatekeepers who are able to block policy change believe that the values at stake are sufficiently important"-- Provided by publisher Why do transnational advocacy movements for global causes succeed in some cases but fail in others? This book covers the successes and failures of four campaigns - climate change, HIV/AIDS, the International Criminal Court, and the Jubilee 2000 campaign for debt relief - in the G-7 advanced industrialized countries.