Molecular mechanisms of membrane traffic [proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Cell Free Analysis of the Functional Organization of the Cytoplasm: Molecular Mechanisms of Membrane Traffic, held at Airlie, Virginia, USA, May 9 - 13, 1992

The study of membrane traffic in reconstituted cell-free systems has generated an unprecedented amount of new information on the biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics of membrane-based molecular events that underly normal and abnormal cellular function. Many of the individual steps have now been isolated and dissected in simple systems that permit detailed molecular analyses of transport mechanisms and their regulation. Reconstituted events of intercompartment transport include inter-membrane recognition, and controlled membrane fusion-fission reactions. Among the many advances is the growi ng awareness of a remarkabl e evolutionary conservation of many of the components involved in the many steps of membrane traffic, this realization has accelerated greatly the pace of progress in the field. This book provides a collection of participant contributions from the 1992 Summer Research Conference, "Mol ecul ar Mechani sms of Membrane Traffi c, " jointly sponsored with NATO by the American Society of Cell Biology. The conference was held May 9-13, at the Airlie Conference Center in the Virginia countryside, near Warrenton. The conference was attended by 158 scientists. A unique feature was the high proportion of young scientists among the participants. Approximately 65% were students, postdoctoral fe 11 ows and young investigators. Each attendee contri buted to the conference with either a pl atform or poster presentation. Front Matter....Pages I-XIII Cell-Free Analysis of ER to Golgi Apparatus Vesicular Traffic....Pages 1-15 Identification of a Novel Post-ER, Pre-Golgi Compartment Where Unassembled Monomers of Oligomeric Proteins Accumulate....Pages 17-34 G Protein Regulation of Vesicular Transport Through the Exocytic Pathway....Pages 35-44 Fusion Rapidly Follows Vesicle Transport to the Target Membrane in Protein Transport through the Golgi Apparatus in Vitro . A Re-evaluation of Transport Kinetics Based on the Finding that the Glycosylation Used to Mark Transport, and Not Transport Itself, is Rate Limiting in the Assay....Pages 45-51 Immunocytochemical analysis of the transfer of vesicular stomatitis virus G glycoprotein from the intermediate compartment to the Golgi complex....Pages 53-54 Synthesis of Glycosyl-Phosphatidylinositol Anchors is Initiated in the Endoplasmic Reticulum....Pages 55-56 Protein Trafficking along the Exocytotic Pathway....Pages 57-58 A Short N-Terminal Sequence is Responsible for the Retention of Invariant Chain (Ii) in the Endoplasmic Reticulum....Pages 59-60 Isolation and characterization of the principal ATPase of transitional elements of the endoplasmic reticulum of rat liver....Pages 61-62 A GTP Hydrolase Activity Purified from Transitional Endoplasmic Reticulum of Rat Liver Binds Retinol....Pages 63-64 A 38 kDa Protein Resident to CIS Golgi Apparatus Cisternae of Rat Liver is Recognized by an Antibody Directed Against α Subunits of Trimeric G-Proteins....Pages 65-66 Acyl Transfer Reactions Associated with Cis Golgi Apparatus....Pages 67-68 Hepatic Bile Formation: Intracellular Trafficking of Bile Salts....Pages 69-70 Wheat storage proteins as a model system to study the mechanism of protein sorting within the endoplasmic reticulum....Pages 71-72 Determinants of Outer Membrane Protein Sorting and Topology in Mitochondria....Pages 73-79 Molecular Chaperones HSP70 and HSP60 in Protein Folding and Membrane Translocation....Pages 81-90 Cytosolic Reactions in Mitochondrial Protein Import....Pages 91-94 Human Bifunctional Enzyme and Its Import into Peroxisomes....Pages 95-98 Transport of Microinjected Proteins into the Peroxisomes of Mammalian Cells....Pages 99-100 Isolation And Characterization Of A Functionally Active Protein Translocation Apparatus From Chloroplast Envelopes....Pages 101-104 Protein Insertion Into The Outer Mitochondrial Membrane....Pages 105-106 The Membrane-Bound 95 KDA Subunit of the Yeast Vacuolar Proton-Pumping ATPase is Required for Enzyme Assembly and Activity....Pages 107-108 The Traffic of Molecules Across the Tonoplast of Plant Cells....Pages 109-110 Fusicoccin Binding and Internalization by Soybean Protoplasts....Pages 111-112 TGN38 and Small GTP Binding Proteins are Part of a Macromolecular Complex in the Trans-Golgi Network....Pages 113-116 β-COP, a Coat Protein of Nonclathrin-Coated Vesicles of the Golgi Complex, is Involved in Transport of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Glycoprotein....Pages 117-126 Defining the Retention Signal in a Model Golgi Membrane Protein....Pages 127-133 Organization of the Glycoprotein and Polysaccharide Synthetic Pathways in the Plant Golgi Apparatus....Pages 135-144 CLIP-170, a Cytoplasmic Linker Protein Mediating Interaction of Endosomes with Microtubules....Pages 145-157 Maturation of Secretory Granules....Pages 159-162 Fatty Acylation in Membrane Trafficking and During Mitosis....Pages 163-166 Rates of Synthesis and Selective Loss into the Bile of Four Rat Liver Proteins and the Polymeric IgA Receptor....Pages 167-170 Effect of Brefeldin A Treatment on the Resident Golgi Protein, MG160....Pages 171-172 Inhibition of Cholera Toxin by Brefeldin A....Pages 173-174 Selective Association with Golgi of ADP-Ribosylation Factors, 20-kDa Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein Activators of Cholera Toxin....Pages 175-176 Intracellular Transport and Post-Translational Modifications of a Secretory Heat Shock Protein of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ....Pages 177-178 Transport to the Cell Surface of Chlamydomonas : Mastigonemes as a Marker for the Flagellar Membrane....Pages 179-180 Lipid Transport from the Golgi to the Plasma Membrane of Epithelial Cells....Pages 181-185 Lipid Traffic to the Plasma Membrane of Leek Cells. Sorting Based on Fatty Acyl Chain Length....Pages 187-195 Hexadecylphosphocholine as an Useful Tool for Investigating Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis and Sorting....Pages 197-198 Biosynthesis of the Scrapie Prion Protein in Scrapie-Infected Cells....Pages 199-200 Protein Phosphorylation Regulates the Cellular Trafficking and Processing of the Alzheimer Beta/A4 Amyloid Precursor Protein....Pages 201-202 Targeting of the Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor in Transfected PC12 Cells....Pages 203-204 Signals for Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis....Pages 205-214 Regulation of Early Endosome Fusion In Vitro....Pages 215-228 Adaptins and their Role in Clathrin-Mediated Vesicle Sorting....Pages 229-236 Endosomes and Cell Signalling....Pages 237-244 The Tubular Early Endosome....Pages 245-267 Direct Comparision of the Endocytic Routes of Fluorescently-Labelled Lipids and Transferrin....Pages 269-272 Linkage of Plasma Membrane Proteins with the Membrane Skeleton: Insights into Functions in Polarized Epithelial Cells....Pages 273-283 Cell Specificity and Developmental Variation in the Targeting Pathways of FRT Cells....Pages 285-288 Phosphoglucomutase is a Cytoplasmic Glycoprotein Implicated in the Regulated Secretory Pathway....Pages 289-292 Protein Targeting and the Control Of C1 − Secretion in Colonic Epithelial Cells....Pages 293-296 Apical Membrane Protein Sorting is Affected by Brefeldin A....Pages 297-299 Structural Analysis of the Clathrin Triskelion....Pages 301-305 Polarity in Neurons and Epithelial Cells : Distribution of Endogenous and Exogenous Ion Pumps and Transporters....Pages 307-308 Biochemical Properties and Expression of Tau Proteins in the Endocytic Compartment during Liver Regeneration....Pages 309-310 Identification of Hepatic Endocytic Proteins Potentially Involved in Membrane Traffic....Pages 311-312 Studies on Sequence Requirements for Basolateral Targeting of the Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor in MDCK Cells....Pages 313-314 Endocytosis by Trypanosoma Brucei : Proteases and Their Possible Role in the Degradation of Anti-VSG Antibodies....Pages 315-316 Receptor Mediated Endocytosis of EGF in a Cell Free System....Pages 317-318 Transferrin on the Basolateral Surface Regulates Apical 59 Fe Uptake and Transport Across Intestinal Epithelial Cells....Pages 319-320 Intracellular Trafficking of Salmonella Typhimurium within HeLa Epithelial Cells....Pages 321-322 Functional Analysis of Dynamin, a GTPase Mediating Early Endocytosis....Pages 323-324 Identification of a Regulatory Domain in Dynamin....Pages 325-326 Potassium Depletion Stimulates Clathrin-Independent Endocytosis in Rat Foetal Fibroblasts....Pages 327-328 Clathrin Interaction with NADH Dehydrogenases of Rat Liver Plasma Membrane....Pages 329-330 Putative Adaptor Proteins of Clathrin Coated Vesicles from Developing Pea....Pages 331-332 Uncoating of Plant Clathrin Coated Vesicles by Uncoating ATPase from Peas....Pages 333-334 Selective Degradation of Cytosolic Proteins by Lysosomes....Pages 335-338 Role of Calcium, Protein Phosphorylation and the Cytoskeleton in Hepatocytic Autophagy....Pages 339-349 Signals for Transport from Endosomes to Lysosomes....Pages 351-358 A New Receptor for Lysosomal Proenzymes....Pages 359-362 A Protein Kinase/Lipid Kinase Complex Required for Yeast Vacuolar Protein Sorting....Pages 363-366 The Morphology but Not the Function of Endosomes and Lysosomes is Affected by Brefeldin A....Pages 367-370 Purification of the N-Acetylglucosamine-1-Phosphodiester α-N-Acetylglucosamindase from Human Lymphoblasts....Pages 371-372 Altered Regulation of Protein Degradation in Transformed Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells....Pages 373-374 An Examination of the Structure and Functions of the Bovine Vacuolar ATPase Using Antisense Oligonucleotides....Pages 375-376 Regulation of Endocytosis by the Small GTP-ASE RAB5....Pages 377-385 The Nucleotide Cycle of Sec4 is Important for Its Function in Vesicular Transport....Pages 387-390 Activators of Trimeric G-Proteins Stimulate and Inhibit Intercompartmental Golgi Transport in Vitro ....Pages 391-394 Evidence of a Role for Heterotrimeric GTP-binding Proteins and ARF in Endosome Fusion....Pages 395-398 The Small GTPase Rab4 Controls an Early Endocytic Sorting Event....Pages 399-402 Protein Modifications and Their Significance in rab5 Function....Pages 403-404 Low Molecular Weight GTP-binding Proteins in Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes from Rat Liver and Rat Hepatocellular Carcinomas....Pages 405-407 Low Molecular Weight GTP-binding Proteins Associated with the Membranes Involved in Post-Golgi Transport of Rhodopsin....Pages 408-408 Back Matter....Pages 409-418 The study of membrane traffic in reconstituted cell-free systems has generated an unprecedented amount of new information on the biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics of membrane-based molecular events that underly normal and abnormal cellular function. Many of the individual steps have now been isolated and dissected in simple systems that permit detailed molecular analyses of transport mechanisms and their regulation. Reconstituted events of intercompartment transfer include inter-membrane recognition and controlled membrane fusion-fission reactions. Provided here is an account of the current literature and basic approaches to the investigation of the molecular mechanisms of membrane traffic in both animal and plant cells. Major focus is on the presentation and interpretation of new data that provide, for the first time, a detailed picture of the molecular events of membrane traffic and its control