Molecular environmental soil science at the interfaces in the earth's critical zone : [contributions from the 1st International Symposium of Molecular Environmental Soil Science at the Interfaces of the Earths Critical Zone held in Hangzhou, China on Octo

"Molecular Environmental Soil Science at the Interfaces in the Earth's Critical Zone" presents contributions from the 1st International Symposium of Molecular Environmental Soil Science at the Interfaces in the Earth's Critical Zone held in Hangzhou, China. It introduces new ideas, findings, methods, and experience on above new and emerging subject areas. A broad range of topics are covered: the role of mineral colloids in carbon turnover and sequestration and the impact on climate change, biogeochemical interfacial reactions and dynamics of vital and toxic elements, ecotoxicology of anthropogenic organics, environmental nanoparticles and their impacts, and ecosystem health. The book will be a valuable reference for researchers in soil chemistry, environmental chemistry, mineralogy, microbiology, ecology, ecotoxicology, and physics. Jianming Xu is a Professor at the Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, China. Pan Ming Huang is a Professor at the Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. Front Matter....Pages I-XVI Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Advances in the Use of Synchrotron Radiation to Elucidate Environmental Interfacial Reaction Processes and Mechanisms in the Earth’s Critical Zone....Pages 3-4 Microbial Role in Global Biogeochemical Cycling of Metals and Metalloids at the Interfaces in the Earth’s Critical Zone....Pages 5-7 Front Matter....Pages 9-9 Soils as Source and Sink of Environmental Carbon Dioxide....Pages 11-12 Impacts of Mineral Colloids on the Transformation of Biomolecules and Physical and Chemical Protection of Soil Organic Carbon....Pages 13-16 Unravelling the Biogeochemical Cycles of Carbon and Nutrients in Forest Ecosystems: Innovative Approaches with Advanced Stable Isotope and NMR Techniques as well as Soil Chemical and Physical Methods....Pages 17-19 Effects of Soil Management from Fallow to Grassland on Soil Microbial and Organic Carbon Dynamics....Pages 20-22 Effect of Long-term Fertilization on the Sequestration Rate of Physical Fractions of Organic Carbon in Red Soil of Southern China....Pages 23-25 Abiotic Catalysis of the Maillard and Polyphenol-Maillard Humification Pathways by Soil Clays from Temperate and Tropical Environments....Pages 26-28 Effect of Organic Matter Application on CP-MAS- 13 C-NMR Spectra of Humic Acids from a Brown Soil....Pages 29-31 The Composition and Organic Carbon Distribution of Organo-mineral Complex in a black Soil as Influenced by Land-use Change and Long-term Fertilization....Pages 32-34 Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter Derived from Rice Straw at Different Decay Stages....Pages 35-37 Organic Fertility of Severely Eroded Soils: Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilization and Cropping Patterns....Pages 38-40 Front Matter....Pages 41-41 Role of Biomolecules in Influencing Transformation Mechanisms of Metals and Metalloids in Soil Environments....Pages 43-46 Biogeochemical Processes of Arsenic in Paddy Soils....Pages 47-48 Soil Microorganism-mineral-organic Matter Interactions and the Impact on Metal Mobility....Pages 49-51 Rhizosphere Processes and Management for Improving Nutrient Use Efficiency and Crop Productivity....Pages 52-54 Effect of Soil Hg Stress on Expression of Heat Shock Protein Gene in Springtail Folsomia Candida ....Pages 55-57 Antimony, Arsenic and Other Toxic Elements in the Topsoil of an Antimony Mine Area....Pages 58-61 Microcalorimetric and Potentiometric Titration Studies on the Adsorption of Copper by P. putida and B. thuringiensis and Their Composites with Minerals....Pages 62-65 Sorption, Transformation and Migration of Zn in Some Soils with Percolated Water Regime....Pages 66-68 Front Matter....Pages 41-41 Speciation and Biochemical Transformations of Sulfur and Copper in Rice Rhizosphere and Bulk Soil—XANES Evidence of Sulfur and Copper Associations....Pages 69-71 Population Dynamics of Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria and Archaea and Relationships with Nitrification Rate in New Zealand Grazed Grassland Soils....Pages 72-74 Plant Clonal Systems as a Strategy for Nitrate Pollution Removal in Cold Latitudes....Pages 75-77 Effect of Ionic Strength on Specific Adsorption of Ions by Variable Charge Soils: Experimental Testification on the Adsorption Model of Bowden et al. ....Pages 78-80 Estimation of the Electrostatic Repulsive Force among Charged Clay Particles in Aqueous Systems....Pages 81-84 Kinetics of As(III) and Cr(III) Oxidation by OH-birnessites with Various Average Oxidation States (AOSs)....Pages 85-87 Adsorption/Desorption Kinetics of Zn in Soils: Influence of Phosphate....Pages 88-90 Bioavailability and Redistribution of Trace Metals in Soil Washed with a Sulfosuccinamate Formulation....Pages 91-93 Fractions of Cd, Zn and Their Correlation with Soil Black Carbon in Contaminated Soils Affected by a Smelting Furnace....Pages 94-96 Formation of the Metal Complexes between Protoporphyrin IX and Divalent Metal Cations in the Environment....Pages 97-99 The Impact of Urban Activities on Heavy Metal Distribution and Bioavailability Index in Selected Tropical Urban Soils....Pages 100-102 Nitrate Accumulation as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Foliar Application of Micronutrients in Rocket Plant....Pages 103-109 Fractions of Heave Metals in Paddy Fields and Their Spatial Relationship to Rice Plant....Pages 110-111 Competitive Sorption of Nickel and Cadmium in Soils....Pages 112-114 Interaction Effect between P and K Fertilization on Faba Bean Plant ( Vicia faba L.) Grown under Salt Affected Soils....Pages 115-117 Design of a POSS-modified Zeolite Structure and the Study of the Enhancement of Ammonia-nitrogen Removal from Drinking Water....Pages 118-120 Study on Immobilizing Soil Exogenous Lead Using Phosphate Rock....Pages 121-123 Long-term Fertilizer Application Alters the Balance and Vertical Distribution of Phosphorus in a Calcarosol....Pages 124-126 Nitrate Nutrition But Not Rhizosphere pH Enhances Zinc Hyperaccumulation in Thlaspi caerulescens (Prayon)....Pages 127-129 Adsorption of Phosphate and Arsenate on New Al 13 -Oxalate Precipitate: Spectroscopic and Macroscopic Competitive Adsorption Investigations....Pages 130-133 Front Matter....Pages 41-41 Short-term Changes of pH Values and Aluminium Activity in Acid Soils after the Application of Nitrogen Fertilizers....Pages 134-136 Transformation of Nitrogen and Its Effects on Metal Elements by Coated Urea Application in Soils from South China....Pages 137-140 Impacts of Copper on Rice Growth and Yield as Affected by Pig Manure....Pages 141-143 The Effects of Several Amendments on Forms of Lead and Its Uptake by Two Cultivars of Brassica Chinensis in an Acid Red Soil....Pages 144-147 Does Iron Plaque Improve the Uptake and Translocation of Lead by Broad-leaf Cattail in Lead-contaminated Soils....Pages 148-150 The Influence of Zn 2+ and Mn 2+ on Pb 2+ Adsorption Behaviors of Birnessite....Pages 151-153 Removal of Arsenite in Water Using Biogenic Schwertmannite as Adsorbent....Pages 154-156 Wien Effect Measurements in Soil Colloidal Suspensions: A Novel Method for Characterizing the Interactions between Charged Particles and Counter Ions....Pages 157-160 Can Zn, Ca and Sulfate Amendments Affect Cadmium Uptake in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)....Pages 161-163 Dynamics of As Species in the Interface of Soil and Rice Roots under Three Water Regimes....Pages 164-166 Extra Supply of Calcium Is Not Required for Maximal Root Growth in the Nitrate and Phosphorus-rich Patch in an Acid Soil....Pages 167-169 Effect of Natural Acid Peat Application on the Phytoextraction of Cadmium from Contaminated Soils....Pages 170-177 Front Matter....Pages 179-179 Interaction of Anthropogenic Organic Chemicals with Organic Matter in Natural Particles....Pages 181-181 Decontamination of Soils through Immobilization of Anthropogenic Organics by Biotic and Abiotic Catalysts....Pages 182-183 Effects of “Aging” on Bioreactive Chemical Retention, Transformation, and Transport in Soil....Pages 184-186 Interaction of Bttoxin with Organo-mineral Surfaces and Consequences for Its Fate in the Environment....Pages 187-189 Microbial and Abiotic Interactions between Transformation of Reducible Pollutants and Fe(II)/(III) Cycles....Pages 190-192 Assessment of Availability of Phenanthrene and Pyrene in Aging Soil....Pages 193-195 Levels, Distributions and Profiles of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Paddy Fields from Two Towns in a Typical Electronic Waste Recycling Area of Eastern China....Pages 196-199 Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soils with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Its Ecologically Enhanced Techniques....Pages 200-202 Front Matter....Pages 179-179 The Contribution of Rhizosphere to Remediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Their Toxicity in Soil: Evaluating with Sequential Extraction and Toxicity Risk....Pages 203-206 Spectral Studies of the Toxin of Bt Adsorbed by Minerals....Pages 207-209 Genotypic Differences in Responses of Wheat ( Triticum durum ) Roots to Oxytetracycline....Pages 210-212 Dynamics of Dissolved Organic Carbon in the Rhizosphere of Ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum L.) Induced by PCBs Pollution....Pages 213-216 Dynamic Behavior of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Soil and Their Interaction with Organic Matter....Pages 217-222 Effect of Crude Water Extract of Fructus Gleditsiae Sinensis on the Removal of Phenanthrene and Pyrene from Contaminated Soils....Pages 223-225 Distribution Pattern, Sources and Potential Risks of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Soils of Fuzhou City, China....Pages 226-228 Thermal Degradation of Chloroteracycline in Animal Manure and Soil....Pages 229-231 Enhancement of Atrazine Degradation in Paddy Soils by Organic Amendments....Pages 232-240 Front Matter....Pages 241-241 Soil Science at the Nanoscale: A New View of Structure, Stability, and Reactivity....Pages 243-245 Environmental and Colloidal Behavior of Engineered Nanoparticles....Pages 246-248 Humic Substances as Natural Nanoparticles Ubiquitous in the Environment....Pages 249-250 Degradation of Organochlorine Compounds Using Zero Valent Iron (ZVI) Nano Particles Impregnated in Hydrophobic Modified Bentonite....Pages 251-254 Effect of Electrolyte on Adsorption/Desorption of Cu 2+ on Nano-particle Mn Oxide....Pages 255-257 Sorption of Selected Organic Compounds in Two Black Carbon Particles....Pages 258-261 Adsorption and Inhibition of Butyrylcholinesterase by Different Nanoparticles....Pages 262-264 Characterization of Soil Clay Minerals Using Mid-infrared Spectroscopy....Pages 265-268 Investigation Mechanism of MTBE on Wall of Carbon Nanotube (CNT) to Other Products from Air-groundwater (in Environment): MNDO....Pages 269-274 Extraction of Nanoparticles from Argosols and Ferrosols....Pages 275-278 Surface and Adsorption Characteristics of Black Carbon from Different Sources....Pages 279-281 Front Matter....Pages 241-241 A High-resolution TEM Investigation of Nanoparticles in Soils....Pages 282-284 Adsorption and Desorption of Tylosin on the Colloidal Fractions of Black Soil....Pages 285-287 Front Matter....Pages 289-289 Spatial and Temporal Dimensions of Environmental Processes in Soils — An Integrated Approach....Pages 291-292 Emission, Fate and Exposure Risk of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in China....Pages 293-293 How Do Microbial Extracellular Enzymes Locate and Degrade Natural and Synthetic Polymers in Soil....Pages 294-297 Influence of Solution Composition on the Exfoliation of Organic Matter from a Model Soil System....Pages 298-300 Transfer of Soil Nickel to Crops in Suburban Areas and Their Healthy Risk in Fujian Province, Southeast China....Pages 301-303 Transformation Dynamics and Memory Effect of Soil Amino Sugars Amended with Available Substrates....Pages 304-306 Evaluating the Maturity and Quality of Solid Waste Compost through Phospholipid Fatty Acid Biomarkers....Pages 307-310 Effects of Depleted Uranium on Soil Microbial Activity: A Bioassay Approach Using 14 C-labeled Glucose....Pages 311-313 Is the Alkalinity within Agricultural Residues Soluble....Pages 314-316 Soil Micro-interfaces Control the Fate of Pollutants in Soil Environment....Pages 317-319 Soil Microbial Biomass and pH as Affected by the Addition of Plant Residues....Pages 320-322 Changes of Soil Enzyme Activities in the Process of Karst Forest Degradation in Southwest China....Pages 323-324 Effect of cry1Ab Gene Transformation on the Microbial Mediated Decomposition of Rice Residues under Intensive Rice Cropping System....Pages 325-327 Characterization of Microbial Community and Phosphorus-releasing Bacteria in the Sediments of a Eutrophic Shallow Lake, Eastern China....Pages 328-330 Carbon Compounds Differ in Their Effects on Soil pH and Microbial Respiration....Pages 331-333 Effects of Soil Water Content on Soil Microbial Biomass and Community Structure Based on Phospholipid Fatty Acid Analysis....Pages 334-336 Effects of Cadmium and Mercury alone and in Combination on the Soil Microbial Community Structural Diversity....Pages 337-341 Back Matter....Pages 343-346