Modern Supersymmetry: Dynamics and Duality (International Series of Monographs on Physics (132))

The book begins with a brief review of supersymmetry and the construction of the minimal supersymmetric standard model and approaches to supersymmetry breaking. General non-perturbative methods are also reviewing leading to the development of holomorphy and the Affleck-Dine-Seiberg superpotential as powerful tools for analyzing supersymmetric theories. Seiberg duality is discussed in detail, with many example applications provided, with special attention paid to its use in understanding dynamical supersymmetry breaking. The Seiberg-Witten theory of monopoles is introduced through the analysis of simpler N=1 analogues. Superconformal field theories are described along with the most recent development known as "a-maximization". Supergravity theories are examined in 4, 10, and 11 dimensions, allowing for a discussion of anomaly and gaugino mediation, and setting the stage for the anti-de-Sitter/conformal field theory correspondence. This book is unique in containing an overview of the important developments in supersymmetry since the publication of "Supersymmetry and Supergravity" by Wess and Bagger. It also strives to cover topics that are of interest to both formal and phenomenological theorists. Preface......Page 6 Acknowledgements......Page 7 Contents......Page 10 1.1 The unreasonable effectiveness of the Standard Model......Page 16 1.2 SUSY algebra......Page 19 1.3 SUSY representations......Page 23 1.4 Extended SUSY......Page 26 1.5 Central charges......Page 30 References......Page 32 2.1 The free Wess–Zumino model......Page 34 2.2 Commutators of SUSY transformations......Page 36 2.3 The supercurrent and the SUSY algebra......Page 39 2.4 The interacting Wess–Zumino model......Page 41 2.5 SUSY Yang–Mills......Page 44 2.6 SUSY gauge theories......Page 45 2.7 Superspace......Page 49 2.8 N = 0 SUSY......Page 53 References......Page 56 3.1 Symmetries and group theory......Page 58 3.2 Renormalization group......Page 62 3.3 Quadratic divergence of the squark mass......Page 67 3.4 Flat directions (classical moduli space)......Page 68 3.5 The super Higgs mechanism......Page 71 3.6 Exercises......Page 75 References......Page 76 4.1 Particles, sparticles, and their interactions......Page 77 4.2 Electroweak symmetry breaking......Page 82 4.3 The sparticle spectrum......Page 87 4.4 Gauge coupling unification......Page 92 4.5 Radiative electroweak symmetry breaking......Page 93 4.6 One-loop correction to the Higgs mass......Page 94 4.7 Precision electroweak measurements......Page 96 4.8 Problems with flavor and CP......Page 97 References......Page 101 5.1 Spontaneous SUSY breaking at tree-level......Page 105 5.2 SUSY breaking scenarios......Page 108 5.3 The goldstino......Page 110 5.4 The goldstino theorem......Page 112 References......Page 114 6.1 Messengers of SUSY breaking......Page 116 6.2 RG calculation of soft masses......Page 117 6.3 Gauge mediation and the μ problem......Page 120 References......Page 121 7.1 Monopoles......Page 123 7.2 Anomalies in the path integral......Page 128 7.3 Gauge anomalies......Page 132 7.4 't Hooft's anomaly matching......Page 133 7.5 Instantons......Page 134 7.6 Instantons in broken gauge theories......Page 136 7.7 NSVZ exact β function......Page 138 7.8 Superconformal symmetry......Page 140 References......Page 145 8.1 Non-renormalization theorems......Page 148 8.2 Wavefunction renormalization......Page 149 8.3 Integrating out......Page 150 8.4 The holomorphic gauge coupling......Page 151 8.5 Gaugino condensation......Page 154 8.6 NSVZ revisited......Page 156 References......Page 158 9.1 Symmetry and holomorphy......Page 160 9.2 Consistency of W[sub(ADS)]: moduli space......Page 163 9.3 Consistency of W[sub(ADS)]: mass perturbations......Page 165 9.4 Generating W[sub(ADS)] from instantons......Page 167 9.5 Generating W[sub(ADS)] from gaugino condensation......Page 169 References......Page 170 10.1 Phases of gauge theories......Page 172 10.2 The moduli space for F ≥ N......Page 173 10.3 IR fixed points......Page 175 10.4 Duality......Page 177 10.5 Integrating out a flavor......Page 180 10.6 Consistency......Page 182 10.7 F = N: confinement with chiral symmetry breaking......Page 183 10.8 F = N: consistency checks......Page 186 10.9 F = N + 1: s-confinement......Page 188 10.10 Connection to theories with F > N + 1......Page 191 References......Page 194 11.1 The SO(N) moduli space......Page 197 11.2 Duality for SO(N)......Page 199 11.3 Some special cases......Page 201 11.4 Duality for Sp(2N)......Page 202 11.5 Why chiral gauge theories are interesting......Page 204 11.6 S-Confinement......Page 205 11.7 Deconfinement......Page 207 References......Page 209 12.2 The 3-2 model......Page 211 12.3 The SU(5) model......Page 214 12.4 SUSY breaking and deformed moduli spaces......Page 215 12.5 SUSY breaking from baryon runaways......Page 217 12.6 Direct gauge mediation......Page 220 12.7 Single sector models......Page 222 References......Page 223 13.1 The Coulomb phase of N = 1 SO(N)......Page 225 13.2 Diversion on SO(3)......Page 229 13.3 The dyonic dual......Page 230 13.4 Elliptic curves......Page 232 13.5 N = 2: Seiberg–Witten......Page 236 13.6 The Seiberg–Witten curve......Page 240 13.7 Adding flavors......Page 245 References......Page 246 14.1 A-Maximization......Page 248 14.2 The simplest chiral SCFT......Page 249 14.3 N = 2 and Argyres–Douglas points......Page 254 14.4 N = 4 and orbifolds......Page 255 References......Page 258 15.1 Supergravity: on-shell......Page 261 15.2 Supergravity: off-shell......Page 262 15.3 Coupling to matter......Page 264 15.4 10 and 11 dimensions......Page 266 15.5 Five dimensions......Page 273 References......Page 274 16.1 "Supergravity" mediation......Page 277 16.2 SUSY breaking......Page 280 16.3 The μ problem......Page 282 16.4 Slepton masses......Page 284 16.5 Gaugino mediation......Page 287 References......Page 288 17.1 D-brane constructions of gauge theories......Page 290 17.2 The Supergravity approximation......Page 295 17.3 Spectra of CFT operators and AdS[sub(5)] × S[sup(5)] KK modes......Page 300 17.4 Waves on AdS[sub(5)]......Page 302 17.5 Nonperturbative static Coulomb potential......Page 304 17.6 Breaking SUSY: finite temperature and confinement......Page 305 17.7 The glueball mass gap......Page 306 17.8 Breaking SUSY: orbifolds......Page 309 17.9 Outlook......Page 311 References......Page 312 A.1 Conventions......Page 316 A.3 Propagators......Page 318 B.1 Classical Lie groups......Page 320 B.3 SU(3)......Page 322 B.4 SU(4)......Page 323 References......Page 324 B......Page 326 C......Page 327 D......Page 328 F......Page 329 H......Page 330 K......Page 331 M......Page 332 O......Page 333 Q......Page 334 S......Page 335 T......Page 337 W......Page 338 Z......Page 339 For Many Centuries, The World Of Islam Was In The Forefront Of Human Achievement - The Foremost Military And Economic Power In The World, The Leader In The Arts And Sciences Of Civilization. Christian Europe, A Remote Land Beyond Its Northwestern Frontier, Was Seen As An Outer Darkness Of Barbarism And Unbelief From Which There Was Nothing To Learn Or To Fear. And Then Everything Changed, As The Previously Despised West Won Victory After Victory, First On The Battlefield And In The Marketplace, Then In Almost Every Aspect Of Public And Even Private Life. In This Volume, Bernard Lewis Examines The Anguished Reaction Of The Islamic World As It Tried To Understand Why Things Had Changed, How They Had Been Overtaken, Overshadowed, And To An Increasing Extent Dominated By The West. Lewis Provides A Fascinating Portrait Of A Culture In Turmoil. He Shows How The Middle East Turned Its Attention To Understanding European Weaponry And Military Tactics, Commerce And Industry, Government And Diplomacy, Education And Culture. He Describes How Some Middle Easterners Fastened Blame On A Series Of Scapegoats, Both External And Internal, While Others Asked, Not Who Did This To Us? But Rather Where Did We Go Wrong? And, As A Natural Consequence, How Do We Put It Right? Lewis Highlights The Striking Differences Between The Western And Middle Eastern Cultures From The Eighteenth To The Twentieth Centuries With Thought-provoking Comparisons Of Such Things As Christianity And Islam, Music And The Arts, The Position Of Women, Secularism And The Civil Society, The Clock And The Calendar.--jacket. The Lessons Of The Battlefield -- The Quest For Wealth And Power -- Social And Cultural Barriers -- Modernization And Social Equality -- Secularism And The Civil Society -- Time, Space, And Modernity -- Aspects Of Cultural Change. Bernard Lewis. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 163-172) And Index. For many centuries, the world of Islam was in the forefront of human achievement--the foremost military and economic power in the world, the leader in the arts and sciences of civilization. Christian Europe, a remote land beyond its northwestern frontier, was seen as an outer darkness of barbarism and unbelief from which there was nothing to learn or to fear. And then everything changed, as the previously despised West won victory after victory, first in the battlefield and the marketplace, then in almost every aspect of public and even private life. In this intriguing volume, Bernard Lewis examines the anguished reaction of the Islamic world as it tried to understand why things had changed--how they had been overtaken, overshadowed, and to an increasing extent dominated by the West. Lewis provides a fascinating portrait of a culture in turmoil. He shows how the Middle East turned its attention to understanding European weaponry and military tactics, commerce and industry, government and diplomacy, education and culture. Lewis highlights the striking differences between the Western and Middle Eastern cultures from the 18th to the 20th centuries through thought-provoking comparisons of such things as Christianity and Islam, music and the arts, the position of women, secularism and the civil society, the clock and the calendar. Hailed in The New York Times Book Review as'the doyen of Middle Eastern studies,'Bernard Lewis is one of the West's foremost authorities on Islamic history and culture. In this striking volume, he offers an incisive look at the historical relationship between the Middle East and Europe. "For many centuries, the world of Islam was in the forefront of human achievement - the foremost military and economic power in the world, the leader in the arts and sciences of civilization. Christian Europe, a remote land beyond its northwestern frontier, was seen as an outer darkness of barbarism and unbelief from which there was nothing to learn or to fear. And then everything changed, as the previously despised West won victory after victory, first on the battlefield and in the marketplace, then in almost every aspect of public and even private life." "In this volume, Bernard Lewis examines the anguished reaction of the Islamic world as it tried to understand why things had changed, how they had been overtaken, overshadowed, and to an increasing extent dominated by the West. Lewis provides a fascinating portrait of a culture in turmoil. He shows how the Middle East turned its attention to understanding European weaponry and military tactics, commerce and industry, government and diplomacy, education and culture. He describes how some Middle Easterners fastened blame on a series of scapegoats, both external and internal, while others asked, not "who did this to us?" but rather "where did we go wrong?" and, as a natural consequence, "how do we put it right?" Lewis highlights the striking differences between the Western and Middle Eastern cultures from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries with thought-provoking comparisons of such things as Christianity and Islam, music and the arts, the position of women, secularism and the civil society, the clock and the calendar."--BOOK JACKET. The book begins with a brief review of supersymmetry, and the construction of the minimal supersymmetric standard model and approaches to supersymmetry breaking. General non-perturbative methods are also reviewed leading to the development of holomorphy and the Affleck-Dine-Seiberg superpotential as powerful tools for analysing supersymmetric theories. Seiberg duality is discussed in detail, with many example applications provided, with special attention paid to its use in understanding dynamical supersysmmetry breaking. The Seiberg-Witten theory of monopoles is introduced through the analysis of simpler N=1 analogues. Superconformal field theories are described along with the most recent development known as'amaximization'. Supergravity theories are examined in 4, 10, and 11 dimensions, allowing for a discussion of anomaly and gaugino mediation, and setting the stage for the anti- de Sitter/conformal field theory correspondence. This book is unique in containing an overview of the important developments in supersymmetry since the publication of'Suppersymmetry and Supergravity'by Wess and Bagger. It also strives to cover topics that are of interest to both formal and phenomenological theorists. Terning Begins With A Review Of Supersymmetry, The Construction Of The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model And Approaches To Supersymmetry Breaking. General Non-perturbative Methods Are Also Reviewed, Seiberg Duality Is Discussed, The Sieberg-witten Theory Of Monopolies Is Introduced And Much More. John Terning. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Highlights the differences between the Western and Middle Eastern cultures from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries with comparisons of such subjects as Christianity and Islam, music and the arts, the position of women, secularism and athe civil society, the clock and the calendar The Treaty Of Carlowitz has a special importance in the history of the Ottoman Empire, and even, more broadly, in the history of the Islamic world, as the first peace signed by a defeated Ottoman Empire with victorious Christian adversaries. Printbegrænsninger: Der kan printes 1 kapitel eller op til 5% af teksten