دزدی مدرن: یک راهنمای مرجع (مسائل جهانی معاصر)

This reference text explains what modern piracy is, where and why it happens, and what measures are being taken to combat it.While piracy today typically occurs in specific areas—such as Somalia and Southeast Asia—a single pirate attack can involve and affect many different countries. For example, a supertanker traveling in the South China Sea might be owned by a Saudi Arabian oil company, built in South Korea, registered in Liberia, captained by an Italian, and crewed by Filipinos. And, as reports of attacks on commercial vessels and cruise liners become more common, the topic of modern piracy receives ever-increasing international scrutiny.This chapter-based reference handbook examines modern piracy from the mid-1970s to today. The subject is addressed from a global perspective, covering both the causes and consequences of present-day piracy and evaluating its impact on a number of related issues, including international law, commercial shipping, and terrorism. Contents......Page 10 Preface......Page 14 Textbook Case: Piratical Seizure of a Supertanker (2008)......Page 18 Historical Perspective......Page 22 Cradle of Piracy: The Caribbean (1500–1650)......Page 23 Rise and Fall of the “Golden Age” (1650–1720)......Page 24 Modern Trends Contributing toward a Rebirth of Piracy......Page 25 Summary......Page 50 Problems......Page 54 Seven Underlying Preconditions......Page 55 Special Piratical Needs......Page 57 Four Recent Hot Spots......Page 59 Extortion as Business......Page 77 Entrenchment......Page 79 Differing U.S. and European Goals......Page 81 Underreporting......Page 83 Unwanted Piracy Trials......Page 85 Ignored Somali Complaints......Page 86 Solutions......Page 89 Textbook Case: Strait of Malacca, 2005......Page 90 Six Basic Elements for Success......Page 93 3 Special U.S. Issues......Page 98 Coalition Maritime Contributions......Page 99 Combined Joint Task Force-Horn of Africa......Page 100 Post-War Mission......Page 101 The Extortionate Business of Ransoms......Page 102 Textbook Case: Chance Rescue of a Dhow, January 2006......Page 104 Deliberate Targeting of Prizes......Page 105 U.S. Intervention......Page 108 Cautionary Case: Golden Nori Rescue......Page 109 NATO, EU, and UN Commitments......Page 111 Defensive Measures......Page 118 Rarest of Encounters: The Maersk Alabama Incident......Page 122 Unusual Presence......Page 123 Boarding......Page 124 Resistance......Page 125 Hostage Taking......Page 126 Standoff......Page 127 Rescue......Page 128 Current Status and Future Outlook......Page 129 Six Basic Elements......Page 130 U.S. Viewpoint......Page 131 4 Chronology......Page 134 Boya or Boyah......Page 156 Garad, Abdi......Page 157 Gortney, William Evans......Page 160 Hassan Hayir, Mohamed Abdi......Page 161 Hayeysi, Dahir Mohamed......Page 166 Hussein, Moktar Mohamed......Page 167 Ilkacase, Ahmed......Page 168 Kulan, Farah Hirsi......Page 169 Ludwig, Daniel Keith......Page 171 McLean, Malcolm or Malcolm Purcell......Page 173 Mohamed, Garad or Garaad Mohamud......Page 175 Murphy, Shane Michael......Page 176 Musé, Abduwali Abdukhadir......Page 177 Phillips, Richard......Page 181 Shukri, Hasan......Page 184 Siad, Yusuf Mohamed......Page 185 6 Data and Documents......Page 188 Table 6.2: Disappearance of the U.S. Merchant Fleet, 1955–2005......Page 189 Table 6.3: Leading “Flag of Convenience” Nations, 2008......Page 190 Table 6.5: Reduction in Piracy, Indonesia and Strait of Malacca—Analysis......Page 191 Table 6.7: Piracy Boom, Somalia and the Gulf of Aden—Analysis......Page 192 Excerpts from the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea......Page 193 Renewed U.S. Policy Against Piracy, June 2007......Page 197 UN Security Council Resolution 1816, Regarding Somali Piracy......Page 200 EU Approval for Launching “Operation Atalanta,”......Page 204 UN Assessment of Somali Piracy, November 2008......Page 216 UN Security Council Resolution 1846, Re: Piracy in Somalia......Page 222 U.S.-Sponsored UN Security Council Resolution 1851......Page 227 Naval Forces......Page 234 U.S. Navy and Coalition Partners......Page 236 European and NATO Formations......Page 238 Somali Coastal Forces......Page 243 Regional Coordinating Hubs......Page 245 International Monitoring Agencies......Page 247 Contact Group on Piracy Off the Coast of Somalia......Page 248 Somali Pirate Syndicates......Page 250 “Somali Marines”......Page 251 General Studies and Overviews......Page 256 Maritime Transformation......Page 261 Container Ships......Page 262 Santa Maria Hijacking (1961)......Page 263 Achille Lauro Hijacking (1985)......Page 264 Flags of Convenience......Page 265 Proliferation of Light Arms......Page 267 Documents......Page 268 General Works......Page 269 Southeast Asia......Page 272 Somalia and Horn of Africa......Page 278 Nigeria......Page 284 Sirius Star Seizure (November 2008)......Page 285 Maersk Alabama Incident (April 2009)......Page 286 C......Page 290 I......Page 291 L......Page 292 N......Page 293 S......Page 294 W......Page 295 A......Page 296 C......Page 297 G......Page 298 I......Page 299 L......Page 300 M......Page 301 P......Page 302 R......Page 303 S......Page 304 T......Page 305 U......Page 306 Y......Page 307 This Reference Text Explains What Modern Piracy Is, Where And Why It Happens, And What Measures Are Being Taken To Combat It. Piracy Is Alive And Well In Modern World. Armed With Sophisticated Tools Like Gps Locators And Cell Phones, Today's Pirates Prey On Both Commercial And Private Vessels, And Their Attacks Have Far-reaching Effects. Piracy Today Typically Occurs In Specific Areas, Such As Somalia And Southeast Asia, A Single Pirate Attack Can Involve And Affect Many Different Countries. A Supertanker Traveling In South China Sea Might Be Owned By A Saudi Arabian Oil Company, Built In South Korea, Registered In Liberia, Captained By An Italian, And Crewed By Filipinos. And, As Reports Of Attacks On Commercial Vessels And Cruise Liners Become More Common, Modern Piracy Receives Ever-increasing International Scrutiny. This Reference Handbook Examines Modern Piracy From Mid-1970s To Today. The Subject Is Addressed From A Global Perspective, Covering Causes And Consequences Of Present-day Piracy And Evaluating Its Impact On A Number Of Related Issues, Including International Law, Commercial Shipping, And Terrorism. Documents Important Resolutions And Laws From United Nations And European Union And U.s. Policy Statements Regarding Piracy. Features Charts And Tables That Provide Statistical Information On Pirate Attacks And Data On Factors That Contribute To Piracy. A Resources Chapter Provides An Annotated Print And Electronic Bibliography Organized By Subject (e.g., International Law, Somalia And The Horn Of Africa, And Maersk Alabama Incident). Includes A Glossary Of Short Definitions Of Unfamiliar Terms. Explains Crucial Topics Such As International Law And Global Trade Patterns In Accessible, Understandable Language. Helps Readers Comprehend Piracy Within Larger Economic And Geopolitical Contexts That Influence Other Important Present-day Issues--publisher's Description. Background And History -- Problems, Controversies, And Solutions -- Special U.s. Issues -- Chronology -- Biographical Sketches -- Data And Documents -- Directory Of Organizations -- Resources. David F. Marley. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. This reference text explains what modern piracy is, where and why it happens, and what measures are being taken to combat it. While piracy today typically occurs in specific areassuch as Somalia and Southeast Asiaa single pirate attack can involve and affect many different countries. For example, a supertanker traveling in the South China Sea might be owned by a Saudi Arabian oil company, built in South Korea, registered in Liberia, captained by an Italian, and crewed by Filipinos. And, as reports of attacks on commercial vessels and cruise liners become more common, the topic of modern piracy receives ever-increasing international scrutiny. This chapter-based reference handbook examines modern piracy from the mid-1970s to today. The subject is addressed from a global perspective, covering both the causes and consequences of present-day piracy and evaluating its impact on a number of related issues, including international law, commercial shipping, and terrorism. Piracy is not simply a fabled part of seafaring history that serves as a foundation for entertaining Hollywood movies. Piracy is alive and well in the modern world. Armed with sophisticated tools like GPS locators and cell phones, today's pirates prey on both commercial and private vessels, and their attacks have far-reaching effects Examines modern piracy from the mid-1970s to today. Covers both the causes and consequences of present-day piracy and evaluates its impact on a number of related issues, including international law, commercial shipping, and terrorism