Modeling, Characterization and Production of Nanomaterials: Electronics, Photonics and Energy Applications (Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials)

Nano-scale materials have unique electronic, optical, and chemical properties which make them attractive for a new generation of devices. Part one of Modeling, Characterization, and Production of Nanomaterials: Electronics, Photonics and Energy Applications covers modeling techniques incorporating quantum mechanical effects to simulate nanomaterials and devices, such as multiscale modeling and density functional theory. Part two describes the characterization of nanomaterials using diffraction techniques and Raman spectroscopy. Part three looks at the structure and properties of nanomaterials, including their optical properties and atomic behaviour. Part four explores nanofabrication and nanodevices, including the growth of graphene, GaN-based nanorod heterostructures and colloidal quantum dots for applications in nanophotonics and metallic nanoparticles for catalysis applications. Comprehensive coverage of the close connection between modeling and experimental methods for studying a wide range of nanomaterials and nanostructures Focus on practical applications and industry needs, supported by a solid outlining of theoretical background Draws on the expertise of leading researchers in the field of nanomaterials from around the world Content: Front Matter, Pages i-iii Copyright, Page iv List of contributors, Pages xi-xiii, D. Balzar, D.M. Bortz, B. Cao, D. Casimir, J. Chen, C.V. Ciobanu, H. Cronk, M.M. De Souza, J. DeJoannis, J. Eymery, G. Fitzgerald, R. Garcia-Sanchez, B. Gittleman, M.K. Harbola, L. Hu, M. Hu, P. Joseph, N. Kang, D. Le Si Dang, G. Li, J. Li, et al. Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials, Pages xv-xviii 1 - Multiscale modeling of nanomaterials: recent developments and future prospects, Pages 3-53, G. Fitzgerald, J. DeJoannis, M. Meunier 2 - Multiscale Green’s functions for modeling of nanomaterials*, Pages 55-85, V.K. Tewary 3 - Numerical simulation of nanoscale systems and materials, Pages 87-111, A. Smolyanitsky, V.K. Tewary 4 - TEM studies of nanostructures, Pages 115-144, K. Wang, B. Cao, J. Chen, W. Zhou 5 - Characterization of strains and defects in nanomaterials by diffraction techniques, Pages 145-166, D. Balzar 6 - Recent advances in thermal analysis of nanoparticles: methods, models and kinetics*, Pages 167-178, E. Mansfield 7 - Raman spectroscopy and molecular simulation studies of graphitic nanomaterials, Pages 179-199, D. Casimir, R. Garcia-Sanchez, P. Misra 8 - Carbon-based nanomaterials, Pages 203-231, P. Pillai, M.M. De Souza 9 - Atomic behavior and structural evolution of alloy nanoparticles during thermodynamic processes, Pages 233-250, G. Li, Q. Wang, K. Wang 10 - Metallic nanoparticles for catalysis applications, Pages 253-288, S. Shan, J. Luo, N. Kang, J. Wu, W. Zhao, H. Cronk, Y. Zhao, Z. Skeete, J. Li, P. Joseph, S. Yan, C.-J. Zhong 11 - Physical approaches to tuning luminescence process of colloidal quantum dots and applications in optoelectronic devices, Pages 289-321, H. Wu, L. Hu 12 - Growth of GaN-based nanorod heterostructures (core-shell) for optoelectronics and their nanocharacterization, Pages 323-335, J. Eymery, D. Le Si Dang 13 - Graphene photonic structures, Pages 337-350, N. Yue, Y. Zhang 14 - Nanophotonics: From quantum confinement to collective interactions in metamaterial heterostructures, Pages 351-370, L. Rast, V.K. Tewary 15 - Plasma deposition and characterization technologies for structural and coverage optimization of materials for nanopatterned devices, Pages 371-405, B. Gittleman, M. Stowell 16 - Calculation of bandgaps in nanomaterials using Harbola-Sahni and van Leeuwen-Baerends potentials, Pages 407-418, P. Singh, M.K. Harbola, A. Mookerjee 17 - Modeling and simulation of nanomaterials in fluids: nanoparticle self-assembly, Pages 419-441, D.M. Bortz 18 - Atomistic modeling of nanostructured materials for novel energy application, Pages 443-460, M. Hu 19 - The mechanical and electronic properties of two-dimensional superlattices, Pages 461-476, C.V. Ciobanu 20 - Nanostructured two-dimensional materials, Pages 477-524, S. Zhuiykov Index, Pages 525-536

Magnetic nanowires and microwires are key tools in the development of enhanced devices for information technology (memory and data processing) and sensing. Offering the combined characteristics of high density, high speed, and non-volatility, they facilitate reliable control of the motion of magnetic domain walls; a key requirement for the development of novel classes of logic and storage devices.

Part One introduces the design and synthesis of magnetic nanowires and microwires, reviewing the growth and processing of nanowires and nanowire heterostructures using such methods as sol-gel and electrodeposition combinations, focused-electron/ion-beam-induced deposition, chemical vapour transport, quenching and drawing and magnetic interactions. Magnetic and transport properties, alongside domain walls, in nano- and microwires are then explored in Part Two, before Part Three goes on to explore a wide range of applications for magnetic nano- and microwire devices, including memory, microwave and electrochemical applications, in addition to thermal spin polarization and configuration, magnetocalorific effects and Bloch point dynamics.

- Detailed coverage of multiple key techniques for the growth and processing of nanowires and microwires

- Reviews the principles and difficulties involved in applying magnetic nano- and microwires to a wide range of applications

- Combines the expertise of specialists from around the globe to give a broad overview of current and future trends

Combining the positive characteristics of microfluidics and optics, microstructured optical fibres (MOFs) have revolutionized the field of optoelectronics. Tailored guiding, diffractive structures and photonic band-gap effects are used to produce fibres with highly specialised, complex structures, facilitating the development of novel kinds of optical fibre sensors and actuators.

Part One outlines the key materials and fabrication techniques used for microstructured optical fibres. Microfluidics and heat flows, MOF-based metamaterials, novel and liquid crystal infiltrated photonic crystal fibre (PCF) designs, MOFs filled with carbon nanotubes and melting of functional inorganic glasses inside PCFs are all reviewed. Part Two then goes on to investigate sensing and optofluidic applications, with the use of MOFs in structural sensing, sensing units and mechanical sensing explored in detail. PCF’s for switching applications are then discussed before the book concludes by reviewing MOFs for specific nucleic acid detection and resonant bio- and chemical sensing.

• Provides users with the necessary knowledge to successfully design and implement microstructured optical fibres for a broad range of uses
• Outlines techniques for developing both traditional and novel types of optical fibre
• Highlights the adaptability of microstructured optical fibres achieved via the use of optofluidics, sensors and actuators, by presenting a diverse selection of applications

Combining the positive characteristics of microfluidics and optics, microstructured optical fibres (MOFs) have revolutionized the field of optoelectronics. Tailored guiding, diffractive structures and photonic band-gap effects are used to produce fibres with highly specialised, complex structures, facilitating the development of novel kinds of optical fibre sensors and actuators.Part One outlines the key materials and fabrication techniques used for microstructured optical fibres. Microfluidics and heat flows, MOF-based metamaterials, novel and liquid crystal infiltrated photonic crystal fibre (PCF) designs, MOFs filled with carbon nanotubes and melting of functional inorganic glasses inside PCFs are all reviewed. Part Two then goes on to investigate sensing and optofluidic applications, with the use of MOFs in structural sensing, sensing units and mechanical sensing explored in detail. PCF's for switching applications are then discussed before the book concludes by reviewing MOFs for specific nucleic acid detection and resonant bio- and chemical sensing. Provides users with the necessary knowledge to successfully design and implement microstructured optical fibres for a broad range of uses Outlines techniques for developing both traditional and novel types of optical fibre Highlights the adaptability of microstructured optical fibres achieved via the use of optofluidics, sensors and actuators, by presenting a diverse selection of applications Nano-scale materials have unique electronic, optical, and chemical properties which make them attractive for a new generation of devices. Part one of Modeling, Characterization, and Production of Nanomaterials: Electronics, Photonics and Energy Applications covers modeling techniques incorporating quantum mechanical effects to simulate nanomaterials and devices, such as multiscale modeling and density functional theory. Part two describes the characterization of nanomaterials using diffraction techniques and Raman spectroscopy. Part three looks at the structure and properties of nanomaterials, including their optical properties and atomic behaviour. Part four explores nanofabrication and nanodevices, including the growth of graphene, GaN-based nanorod heterostructures and colloidal quantum dots for applications in nanophotonics and metallic nanoparticles for catalysis applications.

• Comprehensive coverage of the close connection between modeling and experimental methods for studying a wide range of nanomaterials and nanostructures
• Focus on practical applications and industry needs, supported by a solid outlining of theoretical background
• Draws on the expertise of leading researchers in the field of nanomaterials from around the world

Semiconductor nanowires promise to provide the building blocks for a new generation of nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices. Semiconductor Nanowires: Materials, Synthesis, Characterization and Applications covers advanced materials for nanowires, the growth and synthesis of semiconductor nanowires—including methods such as solution growth, MOVPE, MBE, and self-organization. Characterizing the properties of semiconductor nanowires is covered in chapters describing studies using TEM, SPM, and Raman scattering. Applications of semiconductor nanowires are discussed in chapters focusing on solar cells, battery electrodes, sensors, optoelectronics and biology.

• Explores a selection of advanced materials for semiconductor nanowires
• Outlines key techniques for the property assessment and characterization of semiconductor nanowires
• Covers a broad range of applications across a number of fields

Semiconductor nanowires promise to provide the building blocks for a new generation of nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices. Semiconductor Nanowires: Materials, Synthesis, Characterization and Applications covers advanced materials for nanowires, the growth and synthesis of semiconductor nanowires—including methods such as solution growth, MOVPE, MBE, and self-organization. Characterizing the properties of semiconductor nanowires is covered in chapters describing studies using TEM, SPM, and Raman scattering. Applications of semiconductor nanowires are discussed in chapters focusing on solar cells, battery electrodes, sensors, optoelectronics and biology. Explores a selection of advanced materials for semiconductor nanowires Outlines key techniques for the property assessment and characterization of semiconductor nanowires Covers a broad range of applications across a number of fields 9 - Electron holography of nanowires - Part 29.1 Introduction to electron holography; 9.2 Challenges with 2D samples; 9.3 Nanowire sample preparation; 9.4 Literature on nanowires; 9.5 Off-axis holography of semiconducting NWs; 9.6 Conclusion and perspectives; 9.7 Further reading; Acknowledgements; References; 10 - Electrical characterization of semiconductor nanowires by scanning-probe microscopy; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 Instrumentation; 10.3 Exploring the surfaces of semiconductor nanowires at the nanoscale; 10.4 Studying transport in semiconductor nanowires; 10.5 Conclusion; References 2.3 Steady-state photoluminescence spectroscopy2.4 Time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy; 2.5 Nanowire waveguides and functional devices; 2.6 Nanowire photoluminescence and lasers; 2.7 Conclusions and outlook; References; 3 - Advanced III-V nanowire growth toward large-scale integration; 3.1 Synthesis of III-V NWs; 3.2 Crystallographic properties; 3.3 Applications of III-V nanowires; 3.4 Conclusion; References; 4 - III-V semiconductor nanowires: nitrides (N-based; III-N); 4.1 Introduction: the importance of III-nitride alloys; 4.2 III-nitride nanowires: brief historical overview 4.3 GaN nanowires4.4 (In, Ga)N alloy and heterostructure nanowires; 4.5 (Al, Ga)N alloy and heterostructure nanowires; 4.6 Conclusions; References; 5 - Self-assembly and organization of nanowires; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Langmuir-Blodgett technique; 5.3 Optical trapping method; 5.4 Contact printing method; 5.5 Electric field-assisted assembly; 5.6 Magnetic field-assisted assembly; 5.7 Microfluidic assembly; 5.8 Chemically driven assembly; 5.9 Blown bubble film method; 5.10 Conclusions and perspectives; References; 6 - Quantum transport in semiconductor nanowires; 6.1 Introduction Front Cover; Related titles; Semiconductor Nanowires; Copyright; Contents; List of contributors; Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials; Part 1 - Semiconductor materials for nanowires; 1 - II-VI semiconductor nanowires: ZnO; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Physical properties of ZnO; 1.3 Methods for the preparation of 1D ZnO nanostructures; 1.4 Applications of 1D ZnO nanostructures; 1.5 Conclusion; References; 2 - II-VI compound semiconductor nanowires: Optical properties and nanophotonics; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 II-VI semiconductor nanowires synthesis 6.2 Theory and modeling6.3 Interface-induced correlation effects; 6.4 Transport through single ionized impurities; 6.5 Impact of phonon scattering; References; 7 - Measuring the properties of semiconductor nanowires with transmission electron microscopy; 7.1 Sample preparation; 7.2 Structural properties; 7.3 Morphology; 7.4 Compositional analysis; 7.5 In situ analysis of properties; 7.6 Summary and outlook; References; 8 - Electron holography of nanowires - Part 1; 8.1 Application details; 8.2 Sources of future information and advice; Acknowledgements; References