Mitochondrial Mechanisms of Degeneration and Repair in Parkinson's Disease

This volume brings together various theories of how aberrations in mitochondrial function and morphology contribute to neurodegeneration in idiopathic and familial forms of Parkinson{u2019}s disease. Moreover, it comprehensively reviews the current search for therapies, and proposes how molecules are involved in specific functions as attractive therapeutic targets. It is expected to facilitate critical thought and discussion about the fundamental aspects of neurodegeneration in Parkinson{u2019}s disease and foster the development of therapeutic strategies among researchers and graduate students. Theories of idiopathic Parkinson{u2019}s etiology support roles for chronic inflammation and exposure to heavy metals or pesticides. Interestingly, as this project proposes, a case can be made that abnormalities in mitochondrial morphology and function are at the core of each of these theories. In fact, the most common approach to the generation of animal and cell-culture models of idiopathic Parkinson{u2019}s disease involves exposure to mitochondrial toxins. Even more compelling is the fact that most familial patients harbor genetic mutations that cause disruptions in normal mitochondrial morphology and function. While there remains to be no effective treatment for Parkinson{u2019}s disease, efforts to postpone, prevent and 2cure3 onset mitochondrial aberrations and neurodegeneration associated with Parkinson{u2019}s disease in various models are encouraging. While only about ten percent of Parkinson{u2019}s patients inherit disease-causing mutations, discovering common mechanisms by which familial forms of Parkinson{u2019}s disease manifest will likely shed light on the pathophysiology of the more common idiopathic form and provide insight to the general process of neurodegeneration, thus revealing therapeutic targets that will become more and more accessible as technology improves Annotation The firstvolume to bring together various theories of how aberrations in mitochondrial function and morphology contribute to neurodegeneration in idiopathic and familial forms of Parkinson's disease, to comprehensively review the current search for therapies, and to propose molecules involved in specific functions as attractive therapeutic targets. It is expected to facilitate critical thought and discussion about the fundamental aspects of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease and foster the development of therapeutic strategies among biomedical sciences researchers and graduate students. Theories of idiopathic Parkinson's etiology support roles for chronic inflammation and exposure to heavy metals or pesticides. Interestingly, as this project proposes, a case can be made that abnormalities in mitochondrial morphology and function are at the core of each of these theories. In fact, the most common approach to the generation of animal and cell-culture models of idiopathic Parkinson's disease involves exposure to mitochondrial toxins. Even more compelling is the fact that most familial patients harbor genetic mutations that cause disruptions in normal mitochondrial morphology and function. While there remains to be no effective treatment for Parkinson's disease, efforts to postpone onset, prevent and "cure" mitochondrial aberrations and neurodegeneration associated with Parkinson's disease in various models are encouraging. While only about ten percent of Parkinson's patients inherit disease-causing mutations, discovering common mechanisms by which familial forms of Parkinson's disease manifest will likely shed light on the pathophysiology of the more common idiopathic form and provide insight to the general process of neurodegeneration, thus revealing therapeutic targets that will become more and more accessible as technology improves Front Matter....Pages i-xii Mitochondrial ROS and Apoptosis....Pages 1-23 Dopamine Metabolism and Reactive Oxygen Species Production....Pages 25-47 The Consequences of Damaged Mitochondrial DNA....Pages 49-61 The Role of Chronic Inflammation in the Etiology of Parkinson’s Disease....Pages 63-74 Ion-Catalyzed Reactive Oxygen Species in Sporadic Models of Parkinson’s Disease....Pages 75-113 Toxin-Mediated Complex I Inhibition and Parkinson’s Disease....Pages 115-137 Parkinson’s Disease-Associated Mutations Affect Mitochondrial Function....Pages 139-158 PARKIN/PINK1 Pathway for the Selective Isolation and Degradation of Impaired Mitochondria....Pages 159-182 Mitochondrial Therapeutic Approaches in Parkinson’s Disease....Pages 183-205 Altering Mitochondrial Fusion and Fission Protein Levels Rescues Parkin and PINK1 Loss-of-Function Phenotypes....Pages 207-218 Early Nicotine Exposure Is Protective in Familial and Idiopathic Models of Parkinson’s Disease....Pages 219-229 Transcription Modulation of Mitochondrial Function and Related Pathways as a Therapeutic Opportunity in Parkinson’s Disease....Pages 231-253 Delivery of Biologically Active Molecules to Mitochondria....Pages 255-267 Back Matter....Pages 269-275