Mitochondrial DNA, Mitochondria, Disease and Stem Cells (Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine)

Annotation This volume investigates how the mitochondrial genome is transmitted, segregated, and inherited. It starts by describing mtDNA mutations and deletions and how these impact on the offsprings well-being. It progresses to discuss how mutations to the mtDNA-nuclear-encoded transcription, replication and translational factors lead to mtDNA-depletion syndromes and how these affect cellular function and lead to the pathology of human mitochondrial disease. It also highlights the importance of the mitochondrial assembly factors and how mutations to these can lead to mitochondrial disease. The reader is then introduced to how mtDNA is transmitted through the oocyte and how stem cells can be used to study mitochondrial biogenesis and mtDNA replication and transcription in undifferentiated pluripotent and differentiating cells and how mitochondria adapt during this process. It then discusses how diseases like cancer are initiated and regulated by mutations to mitochondrial DNA and dysfunctional mitochondria. Finally, it draws on assisted reproductive technologies to discuss how some of these approaches might be adapted to prevent the transmission of mutant and deleted mtDNA from one generation to the next Front Matter....Pages i-x Clinical Approach to the Diagnosis of Mitochondrial Disease....Pages 1-23 Mitochondrial DNA Mutations and Their Effects on Complex I Biogenesis: Implications for Metabolic Disease....Pages 25-47 Embryonic Stem Cells: A Signalling Perspective....Pages 49-68 From Oocytes and Pluripotent Stem Cells to Fully Differentiated Fates: (Also) a Mitochondrial Odyssey....Pages 69-86 From Pluripotency to Differentiation: The Role of mtDNA in Stem Cell Models of Mitochondrial Diseases....Pages 87-118 The Role of Mitochondrial DNA in Tumorigenesis....Pages 119-155 Assisted Reproductive Technologies: The Potential to Prevent the Transmission of Mutant mtDNA from One Generation to the Next....Pages 157-183 Back Matter....Pages 185-189