Mississippi Praying : Southern White Evangelicals and the Civil Rights Movement, 1945-1975

Winner of the 2013 Frank S. and Elizabeth D. Brewer Prize presented by the American Society of Church History Mississippi Praying examines the faith communities at ground-zero of the racial revolution that rocked America. This religious history of white Mississippians in the civil rights era shows how Mississippians’ intense religious commitments played critical, rather than incidental, roles in their response to the movement for black equality. During the civil rights movement and since, it has perplexed many Americans that unabashedly Christian Mississippi could also unapologetically oppress its black population. Yet, as Carolyn Renée Dupont richly details, white southerners’ evangelical religion gave them no conceptual tools for understanding segregation as a moral evil, and many believed that God had ordained the racial hierarchy. Challenging previous scholarship that depicts southern religious support for segregation as weak, Dupont shows how people of faith in Mississippi rejected the religious argument for black equality and actively supported the effort to thwart the civil rights movement. At the same time, faith motivated a small number of white Mississippians to challenge the methods and tactics of do-or-die segregationists. Racial turmoil profoundly destabilized Mississippi’s religious communities and turned them into battlegrounds over the issue of black equality. Though Mississippi’s evangelicals lost the battle to preserve segregation, they won important struggles to preserve the theology that had sustained the racial hierarchy. Ultimately, this history sheds light on the eventual rise of the religious right by elaborating the connections between the pre- and post-civil rights South. Mississippi Praying Examines The Faith Communities At Ground-zero Of The Racial Revolution That Rocked America. This Religious History Of White Mississippians In The Civil Rights Era Shows How Mississippian's Intense Religious Commitments Played Critical, Rather Than Incidental, Roles In Their Response To The Movement For Black Equality. During The Civil Rights Movement And Since, It Has Perplexed Many Americans That Unabashedly Christian Mississippi Could Also Unapologetically Oppress Its Black Population. Yet, As Carolyn Renee Dupont Richly Details, White Southerners' Evangelical Religion Gave Them No Conceptual Tools For Understanding Segregation As A Moral Evil, And Many Believed That God Had Ordained The Racial Hierarchy. Challenging Previous Scholarship That Depicts Southern Religious Support For Segregation As Weak, Dupont Shows How People Of Faith In Mississippi Rejected The Religious Argument For Black Equality And Actively Supported The Effort To Thwart The Civil Rights Movement. At The Same Time, Faith Motivated A Small Number Of White Mississippians To Challenge The Methods And Tactics Of Do-or-die Segregationists. Racial Turmoil Profoundly Destabilized Mississippi's Religious Communities And Turned Them Into Battlegrounds Over The Issue Of Black Equality. Though Mississippi's Evangelicals Lost The Battle To Preserve Segregation, They Won Important Struggles To Preserve The Theology That Had Sustained The Racial Hierarchy. Ultimately, This History Sheds Light On The Eventual Rise Of The Religious Right By Elaborating The Connections Between The Pre- And Post-civil Rights South. -- Publisher's Website. Introduction : History, White Religion, And The Civil Rights Movement -- Segregation And The Religious Worlds Of White Mississippians -- Conversations About Race In The Post-war World -- Responding To Brown : The Recalcitrant Parish -- A Strange And Serious Christian Heresy : Massive Resistance And The Religious Defense Of Segregation -- Ask For The Old Paths : Mississippi's Southern Baptists And Segregation -- Born Of Conviction : The Travail Of Mississippi Methodism -- The Jackson Church Visits : A Good Quarter-time Church With A Bird Dog And Shot Gun -- Warped And Distorted Reflections : Mississippi And The North -- Race And Restructuring Of American Religion -- Conclusion : A Theology On The Wrong Side Of History. Carolyn Renée Dupont. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. __**Winner of the 2013 Frank S. and Elizabeth D. Brewer Prize presented by the American Society of Church History**__ __Mississippi Praying__ examines the faith communities at ground-zero of the racial revolution that rocked America. This religious history of white Mississippians in the civil rights era shows how Mississippians’ intense religious commitments played critical, rather than incidental, roles in their response to the movement for black equality. During the civil rights movement and since, it has perplexed many Americans that unabashedly Christian Mississippi could also unapologetically oppress its black population. Yet, as Carolyn Renée Dupont richly details, white southerners’ evangelical religion gave them no conceptual tools for understanding segregation as a moral evil, and many believed that God had ordained the racial hierarchy. Challenging previous scholarship that depicts southern religious support for segregation as weak, Dupont shows how people of faith in Mississippi rejected the religious argument for black equality and actively supported the effort to thwart the civil rights movement. At the same time, faith motivated a small number of white Mississippians to challenge the methods and tactics of do-or-die segregationists. Racial turmoil profoundly destabilized Mississippi’s religious communities and turned them into battlegrounds over the issue of black equality. Though Mississippi’s evangelicals lost the battle to preserve segregation, they won important struggles to preserve the theology that had sustained the racial hierarchy. Ultimately, this history sheds light on the eventual rise of the religious right by elaborating the connections between the pre- and post-civil rights South. Mississippi Praying examines the faith communities at ground-zero of the racial revolution that rocked America. This religious history of white Mississippians in the civil rights era shows how Mississippians' intense religious commitments played critical, rather than incidental, roles in their response to the movement for black equality. During the civil rights movement and since, it has perplexed many Americans that unabashedly Christian Mississippi could also unapologetically oppress its black population. Yet, as Carolyn Renee Dupont richly details, white southerners' evangelical religion gave them no conceptual tools for understanding segregation as a moral evil, and many believed that God had ordained the racial hierarchy. Challenging previous scholarship that depicts southern religious support for segregation as weak, Dupont shows how people of faith in Mississippi rejected the religious argument for black equality and actively supported the effort to thwart the civil rights movement. At the same time, faith motivated a small number of white Mississippians to challenge the methods and tactics of do-or-die segregationists. Racial turmoil profoundly destabilized Mississippi's religious communities and turned them into battlegrounds over the issue of black equality. Though Mississippi's evangelicals lost the battle to preserve segregation, they won important struggles to preserve the theology that had sustained the racial hierarchy. Ultimately, this history sheds light on the eventual rise of the religious right by elaborating the connections between the pre- and post-civil rights South. Carolyn Renee Dupont is Assistant Professor of History at Eastern Kentucky University in Richmond, KY. Cover Contents List of Illustrations Acknowledgments Introduction: History, White Religion, and the Civil Rights Movement 1 Segregation and the Religious Worlds of White Mississippians 2 Conversations about Race in the Post-War World 3 Responding to Brown: The Recalcitrant Parish 4 “A Strange and Serious Christian Heresy”: Massive Resistance and the Religious Defense of Segregation 5 “Ask for the Old Paths”: Mississippi’s Southern Baptists and Segregation 6 “Born of Conviction”: The Travail of Mississippi Methodism 7 The Jackson Church Visits: “A Good Quarter-Time Church with a Bird Dog and Shotgun” 8 “Warped and Distorted Reflections”: Mississippi and the North 9 Race and the Restructuring of American Religion Conclusion: A Theology on the Wrong Side of History Notes Index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y About the Author