Mishneh Todah : Studies in Deuteronomy and Its Cultural Environment in Honor of Jeffrey H. Tigay

Jeffrey H. Tigay, A. M. Ellis Professor of Hebrew and Semitic Languages and Literatures at the University of Pennsylvania, master teacher and scholar extraordinaire, conservative rabbi and lifelong student of Torah receives due ovation in this exceptional volume, a tribute to his indelible impression on Jewish scholarship and pedagogy. The volume is arranged according to Professor Tigay's primary topics of interest: deuteronomic studies, ancient Israelite religion and its Near Eastern context, and ancient Israelite literary tradition. The reader will enjoy diverse studies such as "Gender Transformation and Transgression: Contextualizing the Prohibition of Cross-dressing in Deuteronomy 22:5," "The Problem of Evil in the Book of Job," and "Linen and the Linguistic Dating of P" and will value the erudition of scholars such as Moshe Greenberg, Emanuel Tov, Gary Rendsburg, William Hallo, and Baruch Levine. In the customary appreciations and throughout the volume, colleagues, students, and friends laud Professor Tigay's intellectual tenacity, relational warmth, pedagogical prowess, and devotion to Torah. A former student aptly speaks for those who know him best: "A scholar's immortality lies in his or her work. It rests too in his or her students and in the respect won from his or her colleagues. A Festschrift like this one for Jeff Tigay is merely a token of that legacy, the acknowledgment by his students and colleagues that the work is indeed worth celebrating." This legacy will surely be a boon and delight to the reader. Mishneh Todah: Studies in Deuteronomy and Its Cultural Environment in Honor of Jeffrey H. Tigay 4 Contents 6 Preface 10 Deuteronomic Studies 10 Ancient Israelite Religion and Its Near Eastern Context 11 Ancient Israelite Literary Tradition 11 Acknowledgments 12 David Stern: A Colleague’s Appreciation: “Mr. Deuteronomy”: For Jeff Tigay 13 Rifai Sonsino: A Student’s Appreciation: Dr. Tigay, My Teacher 18 Abbreviations 22 Bibliography of the Publications of Jeffrey H. Tigay 28 A. Books and Commentaries 28 B. Edited Books 28 C. Articles 29 D. Reviews 33 E. Encyclopedia Articles 33 F. Appreciations and Necrologies 35 Part 1: Deuteronomic Studies 36 Michael Carasik: A Deuteronomic Voice in the Joseph Story 38 Deuteronomic Vocabulary 40 Psychological Orientation 43 Conclusion 48 Emanuel Tov: Textual Harmonizations in the Ancient Texts of Deuteronomy 50 Section 1 : Harmonizing Additions to the Short Text of the LXX in the Combined Text of MT SP (44x) 54 Section 2: Harmonizing Additions to the Combined Short Text of MT SP in the LXX (99x) 56 Section 3: Harmonizing Additions to the Short Text of MT in SP (LXX) (49x) 59 Section 4: Harmonizing Additions to the Short Text of the SP in the MT (LXX) (10x) 61 Some Conclusions 61 Baruch J. Schwartz: The Visit of Jethro: A Case of Chronological Displacement? The Source-Critical Solution 64 Nili Sacher Fox: Gender Transformation and Transgression: Contextualizing the Prohibition of Cross-Dressing in Deuteronomy 22:5 84 Dressing the Part 85 Sex and Gender 86 Gender Transformation and Ambiguity in the Ancient Near East 88 Cross-Dressing and Deuteronomy 22:5 97 S. David Sperling: Dinah, ˁInnah, and Related Matters 108 Adele Berlin: Sex and the Single Girl in Deuteronomy 22 130 Premarital Sex and the Unbetrothed Woman (Deuteronomy 22:28-29) 138 Premarital Sex and the Betrothed Woman (Deuteronomy 22:23-27) 141 False and True Accusations of Premarital Unchastity (Deuteronomy 22:13-21) 143 Michael J. Williams: Taking Interest in Taking Interest 148 Biblical Context and Parallels 149 Loan Practices in the Ancient Near East 155 Biblical and Ancient Near Eastern Practices Compared 161 Theological Reflexes 162 Conclusion 166 Yair Zakovitch: "My Father Was a Wandering Aramean” (Deuteronomy 26:5) or “Edom Served My Father”? 168 Mayer I. Gruber: Rewritten Deuteronomy in 1QS and in m. Soṭah 7:5 174 1QS 1,16-2,19 179 m. Soṭah 7:5 181 Who Were the Levites? 183 Richard C. Steiner and Sid Z. Leiman: The Lost Meaning of Deuteronomy 33:2 as Preserved in the Palestinian Targum to the Decalogue 192 Fire Flying from God’s Right in the Palestinian Targum 194 The Date of the Embellished Introductions in the Palestinian Targum to the Decalogue 197 Gary A. Rendsburg: Israelian Hebrew Features in Deuteronomy 33 202 Conclusion 217 David A. Glatt-Gilad: Revealed and Concealed: The Status of the Law (Book) of Moses within the Deuteronomistic History 220 Ziony Zevit: Deuteronomy in the Temple: An Exercise in Historical Imagining 236 A Methodological Model 236 The Anonymous Prophet of Deuteronomy 238 The General Credibility of Prophets 239 The Authority of Written Prophecies 242 The Problem of Anonymity 244 The Significance of the Find Spot 245 Responses to the Initial Questions 247 Imagining the Discovered Deuteronomy 248 Imagining D: A Proposal 251 Shalom M. Paul: Deuteronom(ist)ic Influences on Deutero-Isaiah 254 The Nature and Uniqueness of the God of Israel 254 The Nature of God’s Relationship with Israel 257 The Nature of the Temple 259 Phraseology 260 Alexander Rofé: The Scribal Concern for the Torah as Evidenced by the Textual Witnesses of the Hebrew Bible 264 Torah in Joshua 1:7 267 Torah in Deuteronomy 29 267 Nomos in Deuteronomy 24:8 LXX 268 Torah in Jeremiah 44:10 269 Torah in Nehemiah 12:44a 269 Torah in 2 Chronicles 31:4 MT 270 Torah in Psalm 130:4 271 Hebr. עדות in Psalm 122:4 271 Hebr. עדות in Psalm 93:5 272 Precepts in Deuteronomy 26:17 273 Hebr. מצות in 1 Kings 18:18 274 The Precept and the Laws in Jeremiah 32:11 274 Precepts in Ezekiel 18:31 and 2 Chronicles 34:22 275 Reuven Hammer: Three Midrashim Concerning Our Great Leaders, Moses and David: The Doctrine of Grace in Sifre Deuteronomy 278 Part 2: Ancient Israelite Religion and Its Near Eastern Context 286 William W. Hallo: One God for Many: Philological Glosses on Monotheism 288 Appendix: Divine Names and Proper Nouns 294 Victor Avigdor Hurowitz: The Divinity of Humankind in the Bible and the Ancient Near East: A New Mesopotamian Parallel 298 Israel Knohl: Does God Deceive? An Examination of the Dark Side of Isaiah's Prophecy 310 Jacob Milgrom: The Unique Features of Ezekiel's Sanctuary 328 Shawn Zelig Aster: On the Place of Psalm 21 in Israelite Royal Ideology 342 Literary Structure of Psalm 21:2-8 343 Linguistic Considerations in Dating Psalm 21 350 Conclusion 353 Stephen A. Geller: Myth and Syntax in Psalm 93 356 Translation 356 Edward L. Greenstein: The Problem of Evil in the Book of Job 368 Part 3: Ancient Israelite Literary Tradition 398 Barry L. Eichler: Examples of Restatement in the Laws of Hammurabi 400 The Case of the Nullity of the Legal Status of Common-Law Wife (LE 27 and LH 128) and the Case of an Adulterous Wife (LE 28 and LH 129) 402 The Case of the Absent Husband (LE 29-30 and LH 135-36) 410 The Case of a Wronged Groom (LE 25 and LH 160) and the Case of the Rape of an Inchoately Married Virgin (LE 26 and LH 130) 414 The Case of the Negligent Boatman (LE 5 and LH 236-38) 421 The Case of a Deceased Bride or Groom (LE 17/18 and LH 163-64) 424 The Case of the Known Gorer (LE 54/55 and LH 251/252) 430 The Case of Cheek Slapping and Bodily Injuries (LE 42 and LH 196-205) 431 Summation 433 Mordechai Cogan: Literary-Critical Issues in the Hebrew Bible from an Assyriological Perspective: Additions and Omissions 436 Assyrian Annal Texts in Comparison 438 Observations and Conclusions 446 Dana M. Pike: Biblical Naming Reports with על-כן קרא 450 Terminology and Background 450 The Formula על-כן קרא in Biblical Naming Reports 452 Discussion of Naming Reports with על-כן קרא 453 Observations on This Review of Form II Naming Reports 467 Concluding Remarks 469 Chaim Cohen: The Ancient Critical Misunderstanding of Exodus 21:22-25 and Its Implications for the Current Debate on Abortion 472 I. The Traditional Rabbinic Approach to Abortion 473 II. The Septuagint Greek Rendition of Exodus 21:22-25 (English Translation) 478 III. The Three Additional Occurrences of the Key Term אסון in Biblical Hebrew and Its Technical Legal Usage in Exodus 21:22-23 480 IV. Two Other Interpretations of Exodus 21:22-25 484 V. The Evidence from 15 Parallel Laws in Five Ancient Near Eastern Collections of Law 486 Conclusion 491 Appendix: The Meaning of BH בפללים (Exodus 21:22): ‘In Accordance with the Regular Litigation Process for the Determination of Punitive Damages’ 492 Frederick W. Knobloch: Linen and the Linguistic Dating of P 494 The Relationship of שש and בוץ 495 The Linguistic Dating of P 504 Andrea L. Weiss: A New Approach to Metaphor in Biblical Poetry 510 Baruch A. Levine: The Four Private Persons Who Lost Their Share in the World to Come: The Judgment of m. Sanh. 10:2 522 Background for an Understanding of m. Sanh. 10:2 523 The Four Private Persons in the Biblical Narratives 526 Rabbinic Profiles 537 Summary 542 Moshe Greenberg: Hermeneutical Freedom and Constraint in Jewish Bible Exegesis 544 Index of Authors 560 Index of Scripture 569 A Colleague's Appreciation / David Stern -- A Student's Appreciation / Rifat Sonsino -- Abbreviations -- Bibliography Of The Publications Of Jeffrey H. Tigay -- A Deuteronomic Voice In The Joseph Story / Michael Carasik -- Textual Harmonizations In The Ancient Texts Of Deuteronomy / Emanuel Tov -- The Visit Of Jethro: A Case Of Chronological Displacement?: The Source-critical Solution / Baruch J. Schwartz -- Gender Transformation And Transgression: Contextualizing The Prohibition Of Cross-dressing In Deuteronomy 22:5 / Nili Fox -- Dinah, Oinnah, And Related Matters / S. David Sperling -- Sex And The Single Girl In Deuteronomy 22 / Adele Berlin -- Taking Interest In Taking Interest / Michael J. Williams -- My Father Was A Wandering Aramean (deut. 26:5) Or Edom Served My Father? / Yair Zakovitch -- Rewritten Deuteronomy In 1qs And In M. Sotah 7:5 / Mayer I. Gruber -- The Lost Meaning Of Deuteronomy 33:2 As Preserved In The Palestinian Targum To Exodus 20:2 / Richard C. Steiner And Sid Z. Leiman -- Israelian Hebrew Features In Deuteronomy 33 / Gary A. Rendsburg -- Revealed And Concealed: The Status Of The Law (book) Of Moses Within The Deuteronomistic History / David A. Glatt-gilad -- Deuteronomy In The Temple: An Exercise In Historical Imagining / Ziony Zevit -- Deuteronom(ist)ic Influences On Deutero-isaiah / Shalom M. Paul -- The Scribal Concern For The Torah As Evidenced By The Textual Witnesses Of The Hebrew Bible / Alexander Rofe -- Midrashim Concerning Our Great Leaders, Moses And David: The Doctrine Of Grace In Sifre Deuteronomy / Reuven Hammer -- God For Many: Philological Glosses On Monotheism / William W. Hallo -- The Divinity Of Humankind In The Bible And The Ancient Near East: A New Mesopotamian Parallel / Victor Avigdor Hurowitz -- Does God Deceive?: An Examination Of The Dark Side Of Isaiah's Prophecy / Israel Knohl -- The Unique Features Of Ezekiel's Sanctuary / Jacob Milgrom -- On The Place Of Psalm 21 In Israelite Royal Ideology / Shawn Zelig Aster -- Myth And Syntax In Psalm 93 / Stephen A. Geller -- The Problem Of Evil In The Book Of Job / Edward L. Greenstein -- Examples Of Restatement In The Laws Of Hammurabi / Barry L. Eichler -- Literary-critical Issues In The Hebrew Bible From An Assyriological Perspective: Additions And Omissions / Mordechai Cogan -- Biblical Naming Reports With ʻal-ken ḳara / Dana M. Pike -- The Ancient Critical Misunderstanding Of Exodus 21:22-25 And Its Implications For The Current Debate On Abortion / Chaim Cohen -- Linen And The Linguistic Dating Of P / Frederick W. Knobloch -- A New Approach To Metaphor In Biblical Poetry / Andrea L. Weiss -- The Four Private Persons Who Lost Their Share In The World To Come: The Judgment Of M. Sanh. 10:2 / Baruch A. Levine -- Hermeneutical Freedom And Constraint In Jewish Bible Exegesis / Moshe Greenberg. Edited By Nili Sacher Fox, David A. Glatt-gilad, And Michael J. Williams. Includes Bibliographical References And Indexes.

Jeffrey H. Tigay, A. M. Ellis Professor of Hebrew and Semitic Languages and Literatures at the University of Pennsylvania, master teacher and scholar extraordinaire, conservative rabbi and lifelong student of Torah receives due ovation in this exceptional volume, a tribute to his indelible impression on Jewish scholarship and pedagogy.

The volume is arranged according to Professor Tigay’s primary topics of interest: deuteronomic studies, ancient Israelite religion and its Near Eastern context, and ancient Israelite literary tradition. The reader will enjoy diverse studies such as “Gender Transformation and Transgression: Contextualizing the Prohibition of Cross-dressing in Deuteronomy 22:5,” “The Problem of Evil in the Book of Job,” and “Linen and the Linguistic Dating of P” and will value the erudition of scholars such as Moshe Greenberg, Emanuel Tov, Gary Rendsburg, William Hallo, and Baruch Levine.

In the customary appreciations and throughout the volume, colleagues, students, and friends laud Professor Tigay’s intellectual tenacity, relational warmth, pedagogical prowess, and devotion to Torah. A former student aptly speaks for those who know him best: “A scholar’s immortality lies in his or her work. It rests too in his or her students and in the respect won from his or her colleagues. A Festschrift like this one for Jeff Tigay is merely a token of that legacy, the acknowledgment by his students and colleagues that the work is indeed worth celebrating.” This legacy will surely be a boon and delight to the reader.