mHealth and Human-Centered Design Towards Enhanced Health, Care, and Well-being (Studies in Big Data, 120)

The book examines the current state of mHealth and Human-Centered Design (HCD) initiatives toward health, care, and well-being. The present surge in interest in improving people's quality of life is creating new prospects for the development of innovative design solutions aimed at enhancing living conditions. The combination of emerging user needs and opportunities provided by recent innovative mHealth technologies enables research institutions, stakeholders, and academia to design new solutions to promote well-being, health, and care, thereby improving the quality of life of people of all ages. The book analyzes and discusses the most innovative services, products, and systems in the healthcare field. This strategy is in line with the concept of ambient assisted living or enhanced living environment, which focuses on the comfort and health of specific categories of users. This book covers several topics highlighting the importance of involving end-users in the design of innovative solutions in digital health care, and design considerations of mobile healthcare applications. Furthermore, the covered topics are described in their current applications in relevant fields focusing on the design of smart solutions, such as biomonitoring systems, activity recognition tools, smart living environments, physical autonomy, and virtual assistance. This editorial project is addressed to academics, designers, engineers, and practitioners in health care who want to promote cooperation between academia, stakeholders, and research institutions. Preface 6 Contents 9 About the Editors 11 Involving End Users in Risk-Based Co-design 13 1 Introduction 13 2 A New Approach to Integrated Care Pathways 14 3 Technologies to Lower the Gap and Foster the Adoption of mHealth Technologies 15 4 Co-design to Foster the Adoption of mHealth Technologies 15 4.1 Patient Engagement 18 4.2 Physician Engagement 19 4.3 How to Involve Users 20 5 Impact of Co-design 24 6 Conclusion 29 References 30 Phygital Mental Health: Opportunities and Challenges 33 1 Introduction 33 2 Phygital Convergences and Interactions 34 3 The Potential of Phygital Experiences for Enhancing Mental Health 38 3.1 Mental Health Promotion and Illness Prevention 39 3.2 Early Detection and Diagnostics 40 3.3 Accessibility and Inclusion 40 3.4 A Potential Scenario: From Virtual to Phygital Applications in Dementia 41 4 Conclusion 44 References 44 Data Uncertainty and m-Health Interaction Design for Aging People 48 1 Introduction 48 2 Measurement Through Wearable Technologies 49 3 Aging People Experience and Informative Needs 52 4 Application of m-health Technology: Use Case of the Resilient AAL Project 53 5 The Problem of the Measurement Uncertainty 54 5.1 Applied Methodology 55 5.2 Predictive Models: Monte Carlo Simulation on Step Data 60 6 Conclusion 62 References 63 Digital Twins and Healthcare: Quick Overview and Human-Centric Perspectives 67 1 Introduction 67 2 Digital Twins 68 3 Healthcare Applications 71 3.1 Digital Twins for Health 71 3.2 An Exemplary Domain: mHealth 76 4 Human-Centric Perspectives 77 4.1 Beyond Digital Twins: Phygital Twins 78 4.2 Ethical Issues in Twinning for Health 81 5 Conclusion 82 References 83 mHealth for Well-Being: Case Studies in Physiological, Cognitive, and Affective Sensing 89 1 Introduction 89 2 Challenges in Mobile Mental Health 90 2.1 Sensing and Assessment 90 2.2 Design and Engagement 91 2.3 Interventions—Identification, Contextualization, and Digitization 91 2.4 Data Privacy and the Security versus Usability Trade-Off 92 2.5 Digital Platform for Data Management 92 2.6 Ethics and Safety 93 2.7 Validation/Trials and Long Cycle Time to Market 93 2.8 Adoption by Practitioner Community 93 3 Case Study I—A Mobile Stress Management Solution 94 3.1 Sensing Stress and Emotions 94 3.2 Interventions for Stress Management 96 3.3 Design Strategies 97 3.4 Privacy and Security Strategies 98 3.5 Data Management Platform 98 3.6 Validation and Pilot Studies 100 4 Case Study II—A Cognitive Analysis Application 101 4.1 Importance of Cognitive Analysis in Mental Health 102 4.2 Cognitive Factors 102 4.3 Reflection in Physiology 104 4.4 Standard Measurement/Assessment Methods 104 4.5 Wearable-Based Methods 105 5 Conclusions 106 References 107 Design Considerations of Mobile Applications for Healthy Living 111 1 Introduction 111 2 Mobile Health Applications for Different Purposes 112 3 Important Issues About Mobile Health Applications 115 4 Research Design and Elements 118 5 Design Considerations of Mobile Health Applications 120 6 Discussion 121 7 Conclusions 122 References 122 Evaluation Review of Mobile Apps Supporting Adolescents’ and Young Adults’ Mental Health 128 1 Introduction 128 2 Methods 130 3 Evaluation Results 131 4 The Role Of Human-Centered Design in mHealth Apps 139 5 Conclusions 141 References 141 An Overview of the Effects of Music on Tourette Syndrome 145 1 Introduction 145 1.1 Effect of Music in Neurology and Particular in TS 146 1.2 Musicians, Singers, and Songwriters with Tourette Syndrome 147 2 Internet of Things (IoT) and Mobile Health (mHealth), Music and TS 148 2.1 A Telehealth Protocol 149 3 Conclusion 150 References 150 Artificial Intelligence Applications and Social Assistive Robotics to Counteract Cognitive Decline in the Older Population: Evidence from Trials in Real Settings 153 1 Introduction 153 2 Methods 155 2.1 Literature Search and Study Selection 155 2.2 Selection Strategy 155 2.3 Data Collection 156 3 Results 156 3.1 General Characteristics of the Study Population 156 3.2 Descriptive Analysis and Outcome Measures 157 4 Discussion 166 5 Summary/Conclusion 167 References 167 Human-Centered Design to Enhance the Holter Monitor Experience for Elderly People 170 1 Introduction 170 1.1 VUCA 170 1.2 Aging Society 171 1.3 Digitalism 171 2 Healthcare Transitions 171 3 CVDs and the HCD’s Role to Innovate the Holter Monitor Experience 172 4 Research Project: How to Improve Holter Monitor Experience by Human-Centered Design 173 4.1 Methodology 173 4.2 Phase 01—Analysis 174 4.3 Synthesis 180 4.4 Testing 183 5 Results 185 6 Conclusion 186 References 188 Exploring a Configurable Virtual Environment for the Assessment and Diagnosis of the Driver's Psychophysical State 190 1 Introduction 190 1.1 The Drowsy Driving Problems 192 1.2 Challenges and Opportunities of Studying Drowsy Driving 193 2 Virtual Environment 194 3 Methodology and Approach 195 3.1 The Design, Creation, and Programming of the Driving Simulator 195 3.2 The Programming of the Application for the Collection of Data Concerning Drowsiness 198 3.3 The Design of a System to Collect and Analyze Users’ Biometric Data 200 3.4 Creation of the Physical Simulator, the Union of the Three Modules 200 3.5 Test Procedure 200 4 Results 202 4.1 Game Feedback 202 4.2 KSS and Biometric Values 202 4.3 Evaluation of the Questionnaires 202 4.4 Future Works 204 5 Conclusion 204 References 205