Metastasis, clinical and experimental aspects : proceedings of the EORTC Metastasis Group International Conference on Clinical and Experimental Aspects of Metastasis, London April 21-23, 1980

The Metastasis Group of the European Organization for Research on Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) held an International Meeting at the Royal Institution in London on April 2lst-23rd, 1980. The subject was "Clinical and Experimental Aspects of Metastasis" and these Proceedings are the record of that Meeting. Almost all of those who presented a paper or a poster have written up their contributions as chapters of the Proceedings and we have made no distinction here between posters and oral communications. The Organizers and Editors owe a considerable debt of gratitude to all the contributors who without exception presented the results of their work in a clear and concise manner that did much to reveal the essence of the complex problems central to current thinking on met­ astasis. Moreover most manuscripts arrived well within the deadline - a circumstance which in our experience is unusual. Of the large audience who attended the Meeting many had come from the far distant corners of the World and to them as well as to the presenters of papers the Organizers wish to express their deep appreciation. Front Matter....Pages I-XXXIV The Significance of Metastases to the Surgeon....Pages 1-2 The Spread of Rectal Cancer into Veins and the Mechanism of Distant Embolism....Pages 3-8 Squamous Carcinomas of the Head and Neck: Patterns and Mechanisms of Local Invasion and Metastasis....Pages 9-12 The Relationship Between Malignant Melanoma Morphology, Metastases and Patient Survival....Pages 13-17 Animal Tumour Models: The Intrusion of Artefacts....Pages 18-22 Models of Prostate, Breast, Lung, and Intestinal Carcinomas Which Metastasize in Rats....Pages 23-27 A New In-Vitro Model to Study Tumour Cell Invasion....Pages 28-32 Invasiveness and the ‘Metastatic Potential’ of Tumour Cells....Pages 33-37 A Possibility of Predicting the Metastatic Potential of Tumours by Implantation into Chick Embryo Blastoderms....Pages 38-44 An Experimental Study on the Barrier Function of Lymph Nodes to Tumor Cells....Pages 45-49 Metastases from DMBA-Induced Carcinomas in Hamster Cheek Pouch....Pages 50-54 Quantitation and Cellular Growth of Occult Metastases of a Rat Mammary Carcinoma....Pages 55-59 Comparison of Natural and Artificial Lung Metastases from a Murine Tumour of Spontaneous Origin....Pages 60-64 Growth Inhibition of Simulated Metastases by a Large Primary Tumor....Pages 65-68 Quantitative Studies on Metastasis Using Yoshida Rat Ascites Hepatomas, with Special Reference to the Biological Characteristics in Metastasizability and Drug Sensitivity....Pages 69-74 Canine Osteosarcoma and Canine Mammary Carcinoma....Pages 75-79 Selection of a Human Malignant Melanoma X Hamster Hybrid Cell Line by Metastasis....Pages 80-84 Morphological Aspects of the Interaction of Blood Coagulation and Tumour Dissemination....Pages 85-89 Cancer Cell Procoagulant Activity, Warfarin and Experimental Metastases....Pages 90-94 Molecular Mechanism of Fibrinolysis and Its Potential Role in Metastasis....Pages 95-99 Fibrinolysis and Anticoagulation in Colo-Rectal Cancer — The Way Ahead....Pages 100-104 Studies on Factors Influencing the Lodgement of Circulating Tumour Cells....Pages 105-108 Critical Analysis of Experimental Models for the Antimetastatic Effects of Anticoagulants....Pages 109-115 Effect of Fibrinolysis Inhibition on the Growth and Hematogenous Dissemination of Cancer....Pages 116-121 Mechanisms Behind the Inhibiting Effect of Tranexamic Acid on Tumour Growth and Spread....Pages 122-126 The Inhibitory Effect of Sulfated Polysaccharides, Ancrod or Tranexamic Acid on Pulmonary Metastases in Animals....Pages 127-131 Prostacyclin as a Marker for Diagnosing and Staging Carcinoma of the Prostate....Pages 132-135 Prostaglandins and Metastasis....Pages 136-141 The Application of a Defibrinogenating Snake Venom Enzyme in Experimental Tumor Metastasis....Pages 142-146 Effect of Ticlopidine on Blood-Borne Metastasis....Pages 147-152 Failure of RA233 to Affect the Growth of Intravenously Injected Murine Lymphoma Cells....Pages 153-158 Failure of Flurbiprofen to Affect the Metastasis of Rodent Sarcomas....Pages 159-162 In Vivo and in Vitro Selection of Experimental Metastatic Variants of Rodent Melanoma, Mammary Carcinoma and Lymphosarcoma....Pages 163-168 The Role of Tumor Cell-Basement Membrane Interactions in the Metastatic Process....Pages 169-173 Morphological and Biochemical Differences of Primary and Metastatic Human Melanoma Cells....Pages 174-178 Lewis Lung Carcinoma: Selecting Metastatic Variants....Pages 179-183 Malignant Properties of Clones Isolated from a Mouse Fibrosarcoma....Pages 184-188 Characteristics of Tumor Cell Clones with Varying Malignant Potential....Pages 189-193 Invasion of Lung and Liver Tissue by Different Types of Tumour Cells....Pages 194-200 Interactions of Tumor Cells with Isolated Hepatocytes. A Model for the Infiltration of Blood-Borne Tumor Cells in the Liver....Pages 200-203 Ultrastructural Features of Intravascular and Extravascular Migration of Cancer Cells....Pages 204-209 Characteristics of Metastasizing and Non-Metastasizing Tumors and Their Interaction with the Host Immune System in the Development of Metastasis....Pages 210-214 Metastatic Potential of Tumor Cells from Spontaneous Metastasis....Pages 215-221 Cell Surface Changes Associated with the Selection of Spontaneous Metastases....Pages 222-226 Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors Governing the Expression of Metastatic Potential....Pages 227-231 Metastatic Potential of SK-Br-3 Cells Treated with L-Cysteine or Ascorbic Acid....Pages 232-236 Effect of Pre-Treatment with Antisera Against Choriogonadotropin on the Metastatic Potential of a Rat Adenocarcinoma....Pages 237-241 Metastases of Mammary Tumours in BR6 Mice....Pages 242-245 Fixation of α -Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ( α -MSH) to Human Metastatic Melanoma Cells in Vitro and in Vivo....Pages 246-251 Metastases of Human Tumours in the Nude Mouse: The Behaviour of Colon Carcinoma Xenografts....Pages 252-259 Immune Regression of Metastases Following Hyperthermic Treatment of Primary Tumours....Pages 260-265 Clonal Tumor Cell Variants Arising by Adaptation....Pages 266-271 Reversibility of Immunological and Antitumoral Effects Produced in Vivo by Particulate β1–3 Glucans....Pages 272-277 Modulation of Tumor Growth and Metastasis by an Acute Inflammation....Pages 278-283 Enhancement of Pulmonary Metastases Induced in Mice by Cyclophosphamide: Role of the Immune System....Pages 284-288 Antimetastatic Effects of Intrapleurally Injected Corynebacterium Parvum....Pages 289-293 Does C. Parvum Treatment Affect Tumour Blood Flow and Hence Metastasis?....Pages 294-298 Reticuloendothelial System Function in Cancer Patients Treated with C. Parvum....Pages 299-303 Inhibition of Pulmonary Metastasis of Lewis Lung Tumor by Nocardia Rubra-Cell Wall Skeleton or Schizophyllan....Pages 304-309 Minimal Residual Disease May be Treated by Chessboard Vaccination with Vibrio Cholerae Neuraminidase (VCN) and Tumor Cellss....Pages 310-314 Application of the Leukocyte Migration Test (LMT) to Patients with Metastases: Evidence in Favour of a Change in Host Response....Pages 315-319 Computed Tomography in the Staging of Malignancy....Pages 320-325 Serial Quantitative Skeletal Scintigraphy in Breast Cancer....Pages 326-330 Further Studies on the Effect of Prostaglandin Synthesis Inhibitors and Diphosphonates on Tumour-Mediated Osteolysis....Pages 331-335 Potential Clinical use of Diphosphonates Against Bone Metastases and Hypercalcaemia of Malignancy....Pages 336-340 Multiparametric Biochemical Study in the Diagnosis of Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer....Pages 341-345 Acute Changes in Calcitonin Levels in Lung Cancer Patients Treated with C. Parvum: Do These Reflect in Vivo Killing of Tumour Cells?....Pages 346-350 Serial Quantitative Bone Scanning of Metastatic Tumour in Rats....Pages 351-355 Experimental Study on Characteristics of Microcirculation in Tumor Tissue, with Reference to Cancer Chemotherapy....Pages 356-360 Development of Severe Radiation Pheumonitis in Patients with Oat Cell Carcinoma During Combined Modality Therapy....Pages 361-367 Effect of Hemithorax Irradiation of Young Mice on Pulmonary Metastatic Deposits from Subsequently Developing Spontaneous Mammary Tumours....Pages 368-368 The Chemotherapy of Micrometastases — An Overview of Current Status....Pages 369-374 Adjuvant Razoxane in Resectable Colorectal Cancer....Pages 375-380 Changing Aspects in the Surgical Approach to Metastatic Disease; Influence of Chemotherapy on Indications for and Results of Metastasectomies....Pages 381-387 Clinical Study on Selective Enhancement of Drug Delivery by Angiotensin II in Cancer Chemotherapy....Pages 388-394 Differences and Similarities in Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Mouse and Man....Pages 395-395 Drug Response of Two Different in Vitro Tumour Lines Derived from Lung Metastases of 3LL....Pages 396-400 Therapeutic Implications of Heterogeneous Tumor Cell Populations....Pages 401-405 Effect of Bleomycin Scheduling on Lung Metastases of 3LL and a Subline of Different Metastatic Potential....Pages 406-410 Metastasis of Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LL) Regrowing after Cytotoxic Treatments....Pages 411-415 Adjuvant Chemotherapy Following Surgery for Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung....Pages 416-421 Cell Surface Sialylation of Metastatic Variant Murine Tumor Cell Lines....Pages 422-426 Potential for Selective Inhibition of Metastasis....Pages 427-431 Tumour Load Dependent Effectiveness of Cyclophosphamide in Lewis Lung Carcinoma....Pages 432-435 Prophylactic Antimetastatic Agents: Dimethyltriazenes, N-Diazoacetylglicine Derivatives and other Neutral Proteinase Inhibitors....Pages 436-440 Selective Chemotherapy of Metastasis By Drug Carrying Fat Emulsion or Tumor Specific Antibody....Pages 441-445 Treatment of Metastases in Long Bones....Pages 446-449 Immunotherapy as Adjuvant Treatment for Residual Tumors....Pages 450-450 Back Matter....Pages 451-456 In recent years the field of cancer treatment has been burgeoning with ever expanding interest and commitments to research and therapy. Besides the large number of specialty journals and publications devoted to cancer related fields, nearly every general medical journal contains one or more articles related to cancer treatment and research. Another example of this expanding commitment and interest is reflected in the Internal Medicine subspecialty of Medical Oncology which, since its recognition as a subspecialty in 1973, has become the second most populated subspecialty, second only to cardiology. This burgeoning interest and commitment is obviously appropriate in view of the prevalence and incidence of the various cancers. These diseases constitute, after all, some of the most important and devastating problems of civilized man. It has been particularly gratifying to those involved with cancer research and therapy to observe the increasing interest in these diseases being translated into real improvements in patient care - improvements in length of survival, improvements in quality of survival, and improvements in palliative care. One need only look at Hodgkin's disease to observe the high rate of cure now routinely obtained whereas, in the past, many patients'disease continued to progress with fatal consequences. Some of these improvements came about through better staging techniques, and other improvements, as will be discussed in the chapter on Hodgkin's, came about from the application of early chemotherapy. Further research in Hodgkin's disease is still going on in order to improve results and decrease treatment related complications.