Metabolic adaptation to extrauterine life : the antenatal role of carbohydrates and energy metabolism : proceedings of a workshop held in Brussels, December 19-21, 1979

th th st . On December 19 ,20 and 21 1979, we had the opportunlty to organize a Workshop on "Antenatal factors affecting meta­ bolic adaptation to extrauterine life - Role of carbohydra­ tes and energy metabolism". This meeting was made possible thanks to grants from the Committee of Medical Research and Public Health (CRM) of the Commission of European Communi­ ties. We want to express our warmst gratitude for the effort that has been made and we hope that the exchange of information between the participants will allow better understanding of the mechanism of adaptation to extrauterine life and that the conclusions drawn will contribute to a better care of the newborn. Adaptation to extrauterine life is one of the most impor­ tant steps in life. At the moment of birth, numerous conditions are drastically changed and in order to survive the newborn has to rely upon new sources of energy and of substrates. This switch over has to occur smoothly and any adaptation failure will result in the disturbance of impor­ tant metabolic functions. Mortality and morbidity in neo­ natal period remain still very high in comparison with the figures observed later in life; the reduction of mortality has been much more important in child and adult than in neonates. Front Matter....Pages I-XXI Front Matter....Pages 1-1 The Metabolism of Glycogen in the Liver of Foetal and Newborn Rats....Pages 3-7 Hormonal Control of Fetal Liver Glycogen Metabolism....Pages 9-26 Extrahepatic Glycogen Stores and their Role in Homeostasis....Pages 27-54 Factors Regulating Blood Glucose in the Fetus and in the Newborn....Pages 55-80 Glucose Turnover in the Newborn Rat....Pages 81-108 Factors Affecting Intra Uterine Glycogen Storage....Pages 109-131 Factors Affecting Glucose Metabolism in the Newborn Rat....Pages 133-143 Carbohydrate Metabolism in Intrauterine Growth Retardation....Pages 145-162 Front Matter....Pages 165-165 Caloric Needs of the Newborn....Pages 167-177 Variations in the Rate of Oxygen Consumption of Newborn Human Infants....Pages 179-190 Energy Requirements for Growth in the Neonate....Pages 191-207 The Role of Oleic Acid as a Substitute for Glucose in Brain Cell Cultures of Neonatal Mice....Pages 209-222 Front Matter....Pages 225-225 Insulin Secretion and Metabolism in the Rat Fetus during Late Gestation....Pages 227-240 Glucagon Secretion during the Perinatal Period....Pages 241-259 Plasma Insulin and Glucagon in Well-Oxygenated and Hypoxic Fetal Lambs....Pages 261-279 Effects of Insulin and Glucagon on the Mother and in the Fetus....Pages 281-299 Plasma Corticosteroids in Normal, Premature and “Small-for-Dates” Newborn Infants Throughout the Neonatal Period....Pages 301-306 Somatomedin a Activity in Newborns....Pages 307-312 Front Matter....Pages 313-313 Effect of Maternal Diabetes on Glucose Regulation in the Newborn....Pages 315-329 Oral Feeding Recommendations in Full-Term and Premature Newborns....Pages 331-358 Summary, General Discussion and some Matters of Thinking....Pages 363-371 Th th st . On December 19,20 and 21 1979, we had the opportunlty to organize a Workshop on "Antenatal factors affecting metaƯ bolic adaptation to extrauterine life - Role of carbohydraƯ tes and energy metabolism". This meeting was made possible thanks to grants from the Committee of Medical Research and Public Health (CRM) of the Commission of European CommuniƯ ties. We want to express our warmst gratitude for the effort that has been made and we hope that the exchange of information between the participants will allow better understanding of the mechanism of adaptation to extrauterine life and that the conclusions drawn will contribute to a better care of the newborn. Adaptation to extrauterine life is one of the most imporƯ tant steps in life. At the moment of birth, numerous conditions are drastically changed and in order to survive the newborn has to rely upon new sources of energy and of substrates. This switch over has to occur smoothly and any adaptation failure will result in the disturbance of imporƯ tant metabolic functions. Mortality and morbidity in neoƯ natal period remain still very high in comparison with the figures observed later in life; the reduction of mortality has been much more important in child and adult than in neonates