Mechanisms and Effects of Pollutant-Transfer into Forests: Proceedings of the Meeting on Mechanisms and Effects of Pollutant-Transfer into Forests, Held in Oberursel/Taunus, F. R. G. , November 24-25 1988

In November 1988 the "'Third Oberursel Symposium" devoted to the problems of input of pollutions into forest-ecosystems and their effects on plants or soil convened. After several years of intensive research on the effects of pollutions on forest­ ecosystems it is obvious that not a single specific pollutant can be made responsible but a mixture of several components act together or interact with each other. The contributions of the workshop \_ reflect to a large extend the results of research­ projects which were started at the beginning of the eighties. They review our improved knowledge on the patterns of concentration, of the mechanism of wet and dry deposition and fog interception, modelling studies and the effect of the processes on plant­ receptors and surfaces. Since the 1985 symposium the pathways of pollutants leading to biological damage have been examined and are more clearly recognised. The book reflects the common interest and the continuous effort of scientists from many different disciplines to better understand the physical and chemical processes which finally lead to the observed damage of forest-trees. Comparing the conclusions of the contributions of this book \_ with the results of the first Oberursel symposium in 1981, our knowledge on the relevance of the different mechanisms leading to forest-decay has been considerably improved. The book indicates also in which directions future work should be concentrated. Again, I have to thank the authors for their cooperation by submitting their recent research-results. Front Matter....Pages i-ix Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Deposition of Atmospheric Pollutants into a North German Forest Ecosystem....Pages 3-12 Determination of Dry Deposition of Gases Over Tree Tops by Measured Data and a Numerical Model....Pages 13-20 Profiles of Ozone and Surface Layer Parameters Over a Mature Spruce Stand....Pages 21-35 Ozone in Forest Stands - Examinations to its Occurence and Degradation....Pages 37-44 Annual Variation of Wet Deposition at Non-Urban Sites in Central Europe....Pages 45-50 Deposition by Rain and Snow - Dry Deposition on Snow....Pages 51-59 Deposition of Gaseous Pollutants in a Douglas Fir Forest: First Results of the Aciforn Project....Pages 61-68 Experimental Estimation of the SO 2 -Deposition on an Artificial Surface....Pages 69-76 Dry Deposition of Atmoshperic Particles to an Old Spruce Stand....Pages 77-86 A Contribution to the Experimental Quantification of Dry Deposition to the Canopy of Coniferous Trees....Pages 87-95 Occurrence of HNO 3 , NH 3 and NH 4 NO 3 in two Forested Regions in Austria....Pages 97-107 Front Matter....Pages 109-109 Deposition of Organic Anions at a Semi-Rural Site in Central Europe....Pages 111-118 Determination of Organic Peroxides....Pages 119-124 The Determination of Phosgene in the Lower Troposphere....Pages 125-132 Aromatic and Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Forest Areas....Pages 133-139 Front Matter....Pages 141-141 The Deposition of Aerosol Particles in a Forest Using an Atmospheric Residence Time Model....Pages 143-150 Intercomparison of Wet-Only Collectors and Precipitation Sensors....Pages 151-155 Transmission of Automobil Exhaust within a Forest....Pages 157-167 Determination of the Gaseous Air Pollutant Uptake of a Spruce Branch by Means of the Enclosure Technique....Pages 169-176 Modelling the Uptake of SO 2 into Leaves of Forest Canopies — Dynamic and steady state considerations....Pages 177-184 Front Matter....Pages 141-141 Modelling the Effect of Sulfur Dioxide, Hydrogen Sulfite and Sulfite on the Metabolisw of Plants....Pages 185-192 Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Oak Wood from Polluted Regions....Pages 193-202 Front Matter....Pages 203-203 Trace Substance Input to Coniferous Forests via Cloud Interception....Pages 205-211 Comparison of wet deposition inputs via rain and fog interception at a high elevated forest site....Pages 213-220 Design and Operation of a Two-Stage Fogwater Collector....Pages 221-229 The Influence of Manganese on the Oxidation of Sulfite in Dew Water....Pages 231-238 Measurement of Dew and Fogwater Deposition in Forest Stands....Pages 239-247 Front Matter....Pages 249-249 Effects of Photooxidants on Plants....Pages 251-258 Effect of Acidic Fog on Epicuticular Wax Layer and Water Status of Picea Abies Karst....Pages 259-265 Effects of H 2 O 2 on Spruce Needles — Results of Outdoor Fog Chamber Experiments....Pages 267-275 Interactions between Root and Crown in 90-Year Old Spruce under Documented Conditions of Deposition....Pages 277-284 Different Cation Exchange in the Canopy of two Neighbouring Beech Stands with Regard to Soil Chemistry....Pages 285-294 Spatial Variation of Stress Factors and Their Influence on Norway Spruce Nutrition....Pages 295-304 Experiments on Tree Canopy Deposition of SO 2 and Resulting Leaching Effects....Pages 305-313 Effects of Exhaust Gas on Various Plant Species in Fumigation Chambers under Controlled Conditions....Pages 315-322 Studies on Poplar Clones after Exposure in Open-Top Chambers to Flue Gas from an Atmospheric Fluidised Bed-Boiler (AFBB)....Pages 323-331 Input of Sulphur and Acidity in Three Spruce Stands in the Vicinity of a Strong SO 2 -Source....Pages 333-343 Back Matter....Pages 345-361 Proceedings of the Meeting on Mechanisms and Effects of Pollutant-Transfer into Forests, held in Oberursel/Taunus, FRG, November 24-25, 1988