Materials for Refractories and Ceramics : A Study of Patents and Patent Applications

Front Matter....Pages i-vii Introduction....Pages 1-1 Front Matter....Pages 3-3 Aluminium-Based Materials....Pages 5-13 Silicon-Based Materials....Pages 14-32 Materials Predominantly Based on Zirconium....Pages 33-34 Materials Predominantly Based on Boron....Pages 35-39 Lithium-Based Materials....Pages 40-40 Carbides of Metals or Metalloids Other Than Those Referred to in the Previous Chapters....Pages 41-43 Various Compositions Mainly Used as Catalysts or Catalyst Components....Pages 44-55 Miscellaneous....Pages 56-60 Front Matter....Pages 61-61 Ceramic and hard materials, intermediates, based on aluminium and aluminium oxides....Pages 63-86 Silicon-Based Intermediates....Pages 87-143 Intermediates mainly based on zirconium or zirconium-containing compositions....Pages 144-153 Intermediates mainly containing boron....Pages 154-162 Intermediates mainly containing molybdenum, titanium and tungsten compounds....Pages 163-164 Intermediates mainly consisting of lithium and yttrium....Pages 165-166 Intemediates mainly consisting of silicium dioxide, silicates and ceramics, with a great variety of metal components....Pages 167-173 Treatments for materials, e.g. carbon, graphite and other organic or inorganic substances for influencing the properties of refractories and ceramics (for example coating)....Pages 174-186 Ceramic intermediates based on natural clay and minerals....Pages 187-194 Special treatments (by electron bombardment, electro-arc, explosion, irradiation, etc.)....Pages 195-198 Front Matter....Pages 199-199 Electric, electronic and ion-conducting products and components....Pages 201-213 Front Matter....Pages 199-199 Gas turbine parts, engine parts, machine tools, parts of blast furnaces and various steel foundry equipment and other applications....Pages 214-236 Front Matter....Pages 237-237 Structural elements, materials and some special features of equipment....Pages 239-245 Back Matter....Pages 247-282 '!He present survey is the result of a ccrnprehensive study of patents and patent applications suhnitted in France, the Federal Republic of Gennany, the United Kingdan and Europe (Munich), p..!blished since 1976 and canprising !lOre than 750 publications, classified in accordance with the INl'ERNATICNAL PATENT CLASSIFI~TION, classes C 01 B; sub-classes 21, 33, 35; C 01 G, sub­ class 25; C 04 B, sub-class 35. '!he Ill3.jor part of the patents was granted to applicants fran the United Kingdan, the Federal Republic of Gennany, France, the United States of America and .Japan. Alt:hcA1gh the I.P.C. of basic refractories and ceramics produced therefran is !lOSt useful in assessing validity and in supporting "prior art" searches, it does not satisfy the requirements of scientists and technicians Who work in this field and Who are also interested in the oanposition of such Ill3.terials and the methods for producing them. As regards Part III, relating to finished products, it was decided to follow a classification based on specific parts of Ill3.chines and installations Where ceramics are !lOSt CClTITOnly applied. It should be observed that ceramic Ill3.chine parts and other ceramic canp:Jsitions are widely spread over the I.P.C. system, canprising !lOre than 10,000 docurrents published since 1975