Marketplaces: Movements, Representations and Practices (Routledge Studies in Urbanism and the City)

This edited volume portrays marketplaces from a mobility perspective as dynamic and open entities consisting of flows of people, goods and ideas. There is a renewed interest in research and policy arenas in marketplaces as the core of cities’ spatial and economic development and sociocultural life, as incubators of urban renewal and platforms of alternative consumption models and as source of livelihood for many people worldwide. Contributions of this book draw on notions of movements, representations and practices to illustrate that markets have physical reality but are also culturally and socially encoded, and experienced through practice. It brings together empirically evidenced scholarly and practice-based works from the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Spain, Bulgaria, Turkey, Lebanon, Peru, Brazil, Vietnam, South Africa and India. This book is primarily intended for scholars and graduate students of urban geography, urban design and planning, sociology, anthropology, who are interested in the relation between place and mobility in general, and markets as ‘knots’ in the city, in particular. It also informs policy-makers how urban planning policies and design interventions for marketplaces may foster more socially inclusive and environmentally just cities. Chapters 1, 12, and 13 of this book are available for free in PDF format as Open Access from the individual product page at [www.routledge.com](https://www.routledge.com). They have been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license. This edited volume portrays marketplaces from a mobility perspective as dynamic and open entities consisting of flows of people, goods and ideas. Cover 1 Half Title 2 Series Page 3 Title Page 4 Copyright Page 5 Dedication 6 Table of Contents 8 List of illustrations 10 List of contributors 11 Acknowledgements 14 Chapter 1: Introduction 16 Introduction 16 Conceptualisations of marketplaces 17 Marketplaces and mobility perspective 19 Outline of the book 22 Development of this edited volume during COVID-19 25 References 27 Chapter 2: Hanoi’s street vendors on the move: Itinerant vending tactics and mobile methods in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam 30 Introduction 30 Critical mobilities scholarship and the ‘mundane’ 31 Mobile methods 32 Research approach: Route maps and go-along interviews 32 Itinerant street vendor mobility rhythms, routes, experiences and frictions 34 Daily rhythms and routes 34 Mobility frictions 36 Public/private transcripts and the politics of mobility 37 Conclusion 39 References 40 Chapter 3: Rhythmic encounters in an Indian marketplace 43 Introduction 43 Research setting: Bhadra Plaza in Ahmedabad 44 Spatial ethnography as a methodology 45 Patterns of movement 46 Rhythmic encounters in the marketplace 47 Conclusion 49 Acknowledgements 51 References 51 Chapter 4: Spectral analysis of rhythms in urban marketplaces: A day in Esat Marketplace of Ankara (Turkey) 53 Introduction 53 Rhythmanalysis in marketplaces 54 Narrating the marketplace: Spectral analysis of rhythms 55 A day in Esat Marketplace 56 Regular rhythms: Eurythmic state of the marketplace 57 Emergent rhythms: Moments of arrhythmia 59 Conclusion 60 Visual reference 62 References 63 Chapter 5: Adaptable market-making in eThekwini: Exploring practices of street trading in a South African urban space 65 Introduction 65 Reconsidering the notion of adaptive capacity within informality 66 Study area and background 67 Trading spaces and traders in Warwick Junction 69 Entrepreneurship 69 Changing political agendas and planning visions 70 Regulation 72 The social, spatial and institutional resilience of market-making in Warwick Junction 73 Conclusion 74 References 75 Chapter 6: La Boqueria, “the mirror of what Barcelona represents”: An analysis of public policy and the commodification of food markets 78 Introduction 78 Methodology 79 From ambulant stalls to the ‘best market in the world’ 80 Public-private partnership and the consolidation of the Barcelona model of markets 81 Policy guidelines towards food markets’ diversification 82 Market regulation: Safeguarding the benefits of the citizenry? 84 Failed intents of regaining public control over La Boqueria 85 Conclusion 86 References 88 Chapter 7: The fluidity of a liminal marketplace: Souq Al-Ahad, Beirut 91 Introduction 91 Liminal space, fluid state 91 Marketplaces in Beirut 92 Souq Al-Ahad’s transformation 93 Surrounding transformations 96 Possible futures 98 References 100 Chapter 8: Marketplace decline heads east: Neoliberal reform, socio-spatial sorting and patterns of decline at Sofia’s public markets 103 Introduction 103 Spatialising inequality: Socio-spatial sorting 104 Sofia’s evolving marketplaces 106 Neoliberal policy 106 The food growers leaving 108 Re-sorting the poor across the city 110 Discussion of findings 112 Conclusion 113 References 114 Chapter 9: Government’s representation of Belo Horizonte’s public markets: The (ir)reconcilable grammars of economic pragmatism and social justice 116 Introduction 116 Social justice, marketplaces and local governance 117 Markets governance and social justice: Belo Horizonte’s case 119 Belo Horizonte and its marketplaces 120 Markets current and future governance 122 Markets’ tendering and social justice 123 Democracy 123 Equity 124 Diversity 125 Conclusion 126 References 127 Chapter 10: Lima markets beyond commerce: Challenges and possibilities of common food spaces in periods of crisis 129 Introduction 129 Approach to urban markets beyond commerce 131 Markets for commingling: Challenges from commercial operations 132 Crisis and response: Market possibilities as common urban grounds 136 Conclusion 139 References 140 Chapter 11: Markets and belonging: Untangling myths of urban versus small-town life 144 Introductions 144 A sense of place in an urban market 146 Mobile lives in a non-urban market 149 Conclusion 151 References 152 Chapter 12: The role of mobility and transnationality for local marketplaces 154 Introduction 154 Relational proximity and the mobility of vendors 155 Markets as expressions of banal and affective nationalism 158 Reterritorialisation of local products from elsewhere 159 Conclusion 161 Acknowledgements 163 References 163 Chapter 13: The multi-scalar nature of policy im/mobilities: Regulating ‘local’ markets in the Netherlands 165 Introduction 165 The multi-scalar nature of marketplace regulation 166 Case study and methods 167 The services directive: multi-scalar (im)mobilities of market regulations 168 Conclusion 172 Note 173 References 173 Chapter 14: Afterword 176 Introduction 176 Contested time and rhythms 177 M/market values and land 177 Mobile policy agendas 179 Mobile notions of place 180 Towards an action research agenda 180 References 181 Index 183 adaptable,market-making;,Belo,Horizonte,markets;,Esat,Marketplace;,eThekwini,Municipality;,food,markets;,Hanoi’s,municipal,government;,Hanoi’s,street,vendors;,Indian,marketplace;,Institute,of,Municipal,Markets,of,Barcelona;,La,Boqueria,traders;,Lima,markets;,post-socialist,Sofia;,rhythmic,encounters;,social,mobility;,Socialist,Republic,of,Vietnam;,Souq,Al-Ahad,market;,South,African,economy;,transnational,networks;,Turkish,breads;,urban,marketplaces adaptable market-making,Belo Horizonte markets,Esat Marketplace,eThekwini Municipality,food markets,Hanoi’s municipal government,Hanoi’s street vendors,Indian marketplace,Institute of Municipal Markets of Barcelona,La Boqueria traders,Lima markets,post-socialist Sofia,rhythmic encounters,social mobility,Socialist Republic of Vietnam,Souq Al-Ahad market,South African economy,transnational networks,Turkish breads,urban marketplaces The widely articulated death of public space in the early 1990s marked the beginning of an extensive interdisciplinary debate on public spaces in general and marketplaces in particular, discussing their social characteristics, political conduct and trends towards privatisation. While these studies describe the context of diversity and mobility as inherently translocal, they, somewhat paradoxically, tend to approach the reigning 'relations of ruling' in public spaces as merely local and equate them with municipal agendas of retail reinvestments and commercial gentrification strategies. Yet, as marketplaces come into daily existence through the everyday socio-economic practices of ambulant traders who connect a plurality of places, so are these translocal activities influenced by a multi-scalar web of rules and regulations that go beyond the territorial boundaries of marketplaces. The aim of this chapter is to empirically investigate the linkages among marketplaces, organisations and translocal processes of administration and governance by looking at the effects of the 2006 EU-law "Services in the Internal Market Directive" (2006/123/EC) on the place-making capacities and mobility patterns of traders in the Netherlands. It shows that locally instantiated regulations that affect marketplaces are embedded in multi-faceted institutional webs consisting of supranational, national and local policy levels in which actors compete and collaborate over the production of public space This chapter sets the ground for the argument and aim of this edited volume on marketplaces. The book investigates marketplaces as important urban spaces not as pre-given, fixed locations with clear demarcations in space and time but instead as dynamic and open entities with constant flows of people, goods and ideas. By applying a mobility perspective and focusing on movements, representations and practices, the contributions show how markets are literally intersections of many different kinds. Movement is about the mobile character of marketplaces, notably street markets and street vending. As ambulant places, many markets move from one place to another. They are temporary spaces of encounters of traders and their customers through which goods and ideas are exchanged. Representations touch upon dominant narratives about the meaning and value of markets. While in some cases, markets are perceived as 'relics of the past', there are also dominant discourses that claim that markets still have important socio-economic values in providing, among others, income, access to fresh food, conviviality and care. Practices are about activities performed at marketplaces and how these are regulated, experienced and embodied by traders, customers, planners and designers. Together, these three themes enhance our relational understanding of marketplaces as dynamic, networked and multi-layered spaces "This edited volume portrays marketplaces from a mobility perspective as dynamic and open entities consisting of flows of people, goods and ideas. This book is primarily intended for scholars and graduate students of urban geography, urban design and planning, sociology, anthropology, who are interested in the relation between place and mobility in general, and markets as 'knots' in the city, in particular. It also informs policy-makers how urban planning policies and design interventions for marketplaces may foster more socially inclusive and environmentally just cities"-- Provided by publisher