Manufacturing Consent : The Political Economy of the Mass Media

About Manufacturing Consent A “compelling indictment of the news media’s role in covering up errors and deceptions” (The New York Times Book Review) due to the underlying economics of publishing—from famed scholars Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky. With a new introduction.In this pathbreaking work, Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky show that, contrary to the usual image of the news media as cantankerous, obstinate, and ubiquitous in their search for truth and defense of justice, in their actual practice they defend the economic, social, and political agendas of the privileged groups that dominate domestic society, the state, and the global order.Based on a series of case studies—including the media’s dichotomous treatment of “worthy” versus “unworthy” victims, “legitimizing” and “meaningless” Third World elections, and devastating critiques of media coverage of the U.S. wars against Indochina—Herman and Chomsky draw on decades of criticism and research to propose a Propaganda Model to explain the media’s behavior and performance.Their new introduction updates the Propaganda Model and the earlier case studies, and it discusses several other applications. These include the manner in which the media covered the passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement and subsequent Mexican financial meltdown of 1994-1995, the media’s handling of the protests against the World Trade Organization, World Bank, and International Monetary Fund in 1999 and 2000, and the media’s treatment of the chemical industry and its regulation. What emerges from this work is a powerful assessment of how propagandistic the U.S. mass media are, how they systematically fail to live up to their self-image as providers of the kind of information that people need to make sense of the world, and how we can understand their function in a radically new way. 1......Page 1 2......Page 2 3......Page 3 4......Page 4 5......Page 5 6......Page 6 7......Page 7 8......Page 8 9......Page 9 10......Page 10 11......Page 11 12......Page 12 13......Page 13 14......Page 14 15......Page 15 16......Page 16 17......Page 17 18......Page 18 19......Page 19 20......Page 20 21......Page 21 22......Page 22 23......Page 23 24......Page 24 25......Page 25 26......Page 26 27......Page 27 28......Page 28 29......Page 29 30......Page 30 31......Page 31 32......Page 32 33......Page 33 34......Page 34 35......Page 35 36......Page 36 37......Page 37 38......Page 38 39......Page 39 40......Page 40 41......Page 41 42......Page 42 43......Page 43 44......Page 44 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35......Page 344 36......Page 345 37......Page 346 38......Page 347 39......Page 348 40......Page 349 41......Page 350 42......Page 351 43......Page 352 44......Page 353 1......Page 354 2......Page 355 3......Page 356 4......Page 357 5......Page 358 6......Page 359 7......Page 360 8......Page 361 9......Page 362 10......Page 363 11......Page 364 footnotes......Page 365 Introduction 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 Preface 54 1 54 2 55 3 56 4 57 5 58 6 59 Chapter 1 60 1 60 2 61 3 62 4 63 5 64 6 65 7 66 8 67 9 68 10 69 11 70 12 71 13 72 14 73 15 74 16 75 17 76 18 77 19 78 20 79 21 80 22 81 23 82 24 83 25 84 26 85 27 86 28 87 29 88 30 89 31 90 32 91 33 92 34 93 35 94 36 95 Chapter 2 96 1 96 2 97 3 98 4 99 5 100 6 101 7 102 8 103 9 104 10 105 11 106 12 107 13 108 14 109 15 110 16 111 17 112 18 113 19 114 20 115 21 116 22 117 23 118 24 119 25 120 26 121 27 122 28 123 29 124 30 125 31 126 33 127 32 128 34 129 35 130 36 131 37 132 38 133 39 134 40 135 41 136 42 137 43 138 44 139 45 140 46 141 47 142 48 143 49 144 50 145 Chapter 3 146 1 146 2 147 3 148 4 149 5 150 6 151 7 152 8 153 9 154 10 155 11 156 12 157 13 158 14 159 15 160 16 161 17 162 18 163 19 164 20 165 21 166 22 167 23 168 24 169 25 170 26 171 27 172 28 173 29 174 30 175 31 176 32 177 33 178 34 179 35 180 36 181 37 182 38 183 39 184 40 185 41 186 42 187 43 188 44 189 45 190 46 191 47 192 48 193 49 194 50 195 51 196 52 197 53 198 54 199 55 200 Chapter 4 201 1 201 2 202 3 203 4 204 5 205 6 206 7 207 8 208 9 209 10 210 11 211 12 212 13 213 14 214 15 215 16 216 17 217 18 218 19 219 20 220 21 221 22 222 23 223 24 224 25 225 Chapter 5 226 1 226 2 227 3 228 4 229 5 230 6 231 7 232 8 233 9 234 10 235 11 236 12 237 13 238 14 239 15 240 16 241 17 242 18 243 19 244 20 245 21 246 22 247 23 248 24 249 25 250 26 251 27 252 28 253 29 254 30 255 31 256 32 257 33 258 34 259 35 260 36 261 37 262 38 263 39 264 40 265 41 266 42 267 43 268 44 269 45 270 46 271 47 272 48 273 49 274 50 275 51 276 52 277 53 278 54 279 55 280 56 281 57 282 58 283 59 284 60 285 61 286 62 287 63 288 64 289 65 290 66 291 67 292 68 293 69 294 70 295 71 296 72 297 73 298 74 299 75 300 76 301 77 302 78 303 79 304 80 305 81 306 82 307 83 308 84 309 Chapter 6 310 1 310 2 311 3 312 4 313 5 314 6 315 7 316 8 317 9 318 10 319 11 320 12 321 13 322 14 323 15 324 16 325 17 326 18 327 19 328 20 329 21 330 22 331 23 332 24 333 25 334 26 335 27 336 28 337 29 338 30 339 31 340 32 341 33 342 34 343 35 344 36 345 37 346 38 347 39 348 40 349 41 350 42 351 43 352 44 353 Chapter 7 354 1 354 2 355 3 356 4 357 5 358 6 359 7 360 8 361 9 362 10 363 11 364 footnotes 365 From The Publisher: In This Path Breaking Work, Now With A New Introduction, Edward S. Herman And Noam Chomsky Show That, Contrary To The Usual Image Of The News Media As Cantankerous, Obstinate, And Ubiquitous In Their Search For Truth And Defense Of Justice, In Their Actual Practice They Defend The Economic, Social, And Political Agendas Of The Privileged Groups That Dominate Domestic Society, The State, And The Global Order. Based On A Series Of Case Studies-including The Media's Dichotomous Treatment Of Worthy Versus Unworthy Victims, Legitimizing And Meaningless Third World Elections, And Devastating Critiques Of Media Coverage Of The U.s. Wars Against Indochina-herman And Chomsky Draw On Decades Of Criticism And Research To Propose A Propaganda Model To Explain The Media's Behavior And Performance. Their New Introduction Updates The Propaganda Model And The Earlier Case Studies, And It Discusses Several Other Applications. These Include The Manner In Which The Media Covered The Passage Of The North American Free Trade Agreement And Subsequent Mexican Financial Meltdown Of 1994-1995, The Media's Handling Of The Protests Against The World Trade Organization, World Bank, And International Monetary Fund In 1999 And 2000, And The Media's Treatment Of The Chemical Industry And Its Regulation. What Emerges From This Work Is A Powerful Assessment Of How Propagandistic The U.s. Mass Media Are, How They Systematically Fail To Live Up To Their Self-image As Providers Of The Kind Of Information That People Need To Make Sense Of The World, And How We Can Understand Their Function In A Radically New Way. Introduction -- Preface -- 1: Propaganda Model -- 2: Worthy And Unworthy Victims -- 3: Legitimizing Versus Meaningless Third World Elections: El Salvador, Guatemala, And Nicaragua -- 4: Kgb-bulgarian Plot To Kill The Pope: Free-market Disinformation As News -- 5: Indochina Wars (i): Vietnam -- 6: Indochina Wars (ii): Laos And Cambodia -- 7: Conclusions -- Appendix 1: Us Official Observers In Guatemala, July 1-2, 1984 -- Appendix 2: Tagliabue's Finale On The Bulgarian Connection: A Case Study In Bias -- Appendix 3: Braestrup's Big Story: Some Freedom House Exclusives -- Notes -- Index. Edward S. Herman And Noam Chomsky ; With A New Introduction By The Authors. Updated Ed. Of: Manufacturing Consent. 1st Ed. C1988. Includes Bibliographical References (p. [331]-393) And Index. A'compelling indictment of the news media's role in covering up errors and deceptions'(The New York Times Book Review) due to the underlying economics of publishing—from famed scholars Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky. With a new introduction.In this pathbreaking work, Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky show that, contrary to the usual image of the news media as cantankerous, obstinate, and ubiquitous in their search for truth and defense of justice, in their actual practice they defend the economic, social, and political agendas of the privileged groups that dominate domestic society, the state, and the global order. Based on a series of case studies—including the media's dichotomous treatment of “worthy” versus “unworthy” victims, “legitimizing” and “meaningless” Third World elections, and devastating critiques of media coverage of the U.S. wars against Indochina—Herman and Chomsky draw on decades of criticism and research to propose a Propaganda Model to explain the media's behavior and performance.Their new introduction updates the Propaganda Model and the earlier case studies, and it discusses several other applications. These include the manner in which the media covered the passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement and subsequent Mexican financial meltdown of 1994-1995, the media's handling of the protests against the World Trade Organization, World Bank, and International Monetary Fund in 1999 and 2000, and the media's treatment of the chemical industry and its regulation. What emerges from this work is a powerful assessment of how propagandistic the U.S. mass media are, how they systematically fail to live up to their self-image as providers of the kind of information that people need to make sense of the world, and how we can understand their function in a radically new way. Examines the political role played by the media in shaping events, rather than just reporting on them, assesses the relationship between the media and the corporations that control and finance them, and discusses the fine distinctions between news and propaganda. Reprint. 20,000 first printing. Discusses the ways in which the mass media are manipulated to present the news according to an underlying elite consenus which affects the manner in which similar events in different parts of the world are presented.