Manual of Hospital Planning and Designing : For Medical Administrators, Architects and Planners
معرفی کتاب «Manual of Hospital Planning and Designing : For Medical Administrators, Architects and Planners» نوشتهٔ Ajay Garg; Anil Dewan، منتشرشده توسط نشر Springer Singapore : Imprint: Springer در سال 2022. این کتاب در فرمت epub، زبان انگلیسی ارائه شده است.
Part I Hospital Planning 1 Phases of Planning and Designing 1.1 Hospital Planning 1.2 Schematic Design 1.3 Construction Documents 1.4 Design and Development 1.5 MEP Planning 1.6 Construction 1.7 Equipment Planning 1.8 Man Power Planning 1.9 Finalizing the Standard Operating Procedures of Hospital 1.10 Commissioning Further Reading 2 Inception of the Idea 3 Factors Assessing Feasibility of the Hospital 3.1 Demographics 3.2 Understanding the Type of Diseases 3.3 Community 3.4 Healthcare Systems and Hospitals Network 3.5 Innovations in Facility Planning and Management 3.6 The Requirement of the Specialty Facilities and/or Departments 3.7 Medical Tourism 3.8 Health Insurance and Empanelment 3.9 Catchment Area Further Reading 4 Preparation of Detailed Project Report (DPR) and Techno-Commercial Feasibility Report (TCFR) 4.1 Information to Be Generally Provided in DPR 4.2 Documents DPR Shall Contain 4.3 General Contents in DPR 4.4 Evaluation of DPR 4.5 Sample Formats of DPR Further Reading 5 Site Selection 5.1 Size of the Land Required for Hospital 5.2 Assessment of the Covered Area Required for Hospital 5.3 Total FAR Allowed 5.4 Set Back Area 5.5 Maximum Permissible Land Coverage 5.6 Maximum Permissible Height of the Building 5.7 Approach to the Site 5.8 Location of the Land 5.9 Availability of Transportation 5.10 Security 5.11 Availability of Utilities 5.12 Road Network in the Area 5.13 Environmental Pollution 5.14 Wind and Earthquake 5.15 Flood Protection Further Reading 6 General Issues to Be Considered While Designing Hospital Building 6.1 Importance of Hospital Planning and Designing 6.2 Flexibility and Expandability 6.3 Design for the Patient Experience 6.4 Design for Employee Productivity 6.5 Accessibility to the Patient 6.6 Security and Safety of Men and Material 6.7 Sustainability of Resources 6.8 Efficiency and Cost-Effectiveness 6.9 Adaptation of Technological Advancements 6.10 Stress and Fear of Patients and Visitors 6.11 Quality Care of Patients 6.12 Therapeutic Environment 6.13 Cleanliness and Sanitation 6.14 Noise Reduction 6.15 Minimizing the Operative, Postoperative and Hospital-Acquired Infections 6.16 Automation Where Possible 6.17 Environmental Pollution Control 6.18 Internal Road 6.19 Parking 6.20 Wind, Earthquake-Resistant and Flood Protection 6.21 Nature Plus Artwork 6.22 Colours to Be Used 6.23 Choice of Building Materials 6.24 Flooring Further Reading 7 Area Requirement and Planning 7.1 Functional Areas 7.2 Room/Space Requirement 7.3 Sizes of the Rooms 7.4 Zoning 7.5 Placement of Zones in the Building Further Reading Part II Schematic Design of Hospital 8 Schematic Design 8.1 What Is the Schematic Design? Further Reading 9 Effects of COVID-19 on the Design of the Hospital 9.1 What Will Be the Design of Future Hospitals 9.2 Issues to Be Addressed While Planning and Designing a Hospital in Post-COVID-19 Era 9.3 Changes in the Design of Building, Location, Spaces and Sizes of the Rooms in the Healthcare Facility 9.3.1 Hybrid Design of Building 9.3.2 Improving Infection Prevention 9.4 Changes in the Layout, Facilities of Various Departments, Emergency Rooms, Operating Rooms, Intensive Care Area, Diagnostic Facilities, Waiting Lobbies, Staff Zones, the Administrative Zones etc. 9.4.1 Entrance Lobbies 9.4.2 Waiting Lobbies 9.4.3 Outpatient Department 9.4.4 Emergency Department 9.4.5 In-Patient Department 9.4.6 Operating Rooms 9.4.7 Diagnostic Laboratories 9.4.8 Radiology 9.4.9 Staff and Administrative Workplaces 9.5 Acceptance of the New and Improved Building Materials Which Seems to Be More Appropriate as Per the New Building Designs or Which Can Ease Out the Concept of the New and Better-Designed Building 9.5.1 Antimicrobial Finishes and Materials 9.5.2 Use of Antibacterial Materials 9.5.3 Use of Non-porous Materials 9.5.4 For the Furniture 9.5.5 Touch-free Controls 9.5.6 Automatic Doors and E-switchable Privacy Glass 9.5.7 Smart Facade Glazing 9.5.8 Prefabricated Materials 9.5.9 Paints 9.5.10 Flooring 9.5.11 Clean Rooms with HEPA Filters 9.5.12 Dehumidification 9.5.13 Contactless Office 9.5.14 Conference Rooms 9.5.15 Automation 9.5.16 Automatic Body Thermal Scanner 9.6 Temporary Conversion of Space in the Hospital into Treatment Units, Emergency Suits, ICUs and Isolation Units to Handle Surges in the Number of Patients due to Pandemics 9.6.1 Wall Finishes 9.6.2 Flooring 9.6.3 Electrical Points 9.6.4 Medical Gases 9.6.5 Bed and Hospital Furniture 9.6.6 Partitions 9.6.7 Washrooms 9.6.8 Air Conditioning 9.6.9 Nurse Call Systems 9.7 Modification and Adoption of Improved Working Systems and SOPs Which Are in Consensus with the New or Modified Design of Healthcare Facility 9.7.1 Health Worker’s Safety and Support 9.7.2 Entrance 9.7.3 Waiting Lobbies 9.7.4 Out Patient Department 9.7.5 Indoor and Isolation 9.7.6 Emergency Department Further Reading 10 Site Plan 10.1 Contents of Site Plan Further Reading 11 Detailed Engineering Drawings 11.1 Concept Drawings 11.2 Floor Plan Drawings 11.3 Cross Section Drawings 11.4 Elevation Drawings 11.5 Landscape Drawings 11.6 Finishing Drawing 11.7 Working Plan Drawings 11.8 Section Drawings 11.9 Structural Drawings 11.10 Column Layout Drawings 11.11 Plinth Beam Layout Drawings 11.12 Lintel Beam Layout Drawings 11.13 Roof Beam and Shuttering Layout Drawings 11.14 General Note 11.15 Excavation Drawings 11.16 Electrical Drawings 11.17 Plumbing Drawings 11.18 Firefighting and Detection Drawings 11.19 Shop Drawings 11.20 Furniture Layout Drawings 11.21 Furniture Design Drawings 11.22 Hospital Signage Drawings 11.23 As-Built Drawings 11.24 PERT Charts Further Reading Part III Construction Documents 12 Preparation of Construction Documents 12.1 Definition of Construction Documents 12.2 Contents of Construction Document 12.2.1 General Information About the Hospital Project 12.2.2 Construction Contract Agreement 12.2.3 Scope of Work 12.2.4 Construction Schedule 12.2.5 General Conditions 12.2.6 Special Conditions 12.2.7 Specifications 12.2.8 Bill of Quantities 12.2.9 Cost Estimate 12.2.10 Drawings 12.2.11 Other Documents Further Reading Part IV Design & Development 13 Designing Details of Individual Department or Spaces of the Hospital 14 Design of the Main Entrance Gate to the Hospital Further Reading 15 Designing of the Entrance Lobby of the Hospital 15.1 Location of the Entrance Lobby 15.1.1 The Infrastructure of the Entrance Lobby 15.2 Services in the Lobby 15.3 Reception and Enquiry Counter 15.3.1 Furniture at the Reception 15.3.2 Electrical and Other Points at the Reception 15.4 Help Desk, Registration and Admission and Discharge Counters 15.4.1 Furniture at Help Desk, Registration, Admission and Discharge Counters 15.4.2 Electrical and Other Points at Help Desk, Registration and Admission and Discharge Counters 15.5 Cash Counter 15.5.1 Furniture at Cash Counter 15.5.2 Electrical and Other Points at Cash Counter 15.6 Cafeteria 15.6.1 Furniture in the Cafeteria 15.6.2 Electrical and Other Points in the Cafeteria 15.7 Pharmacy 15.8 Other Service Counters in the Entrance Lobby 15.9 Public Utility for Patient/Visitors 15.10 Prayer Room/Meditation Spaces 15.11 Self-Service Kiosks 15.12 Interiors of the Entrance Lobby 15.13 Entrance Gates to the Lobby 15.14 Signage and Wayfinding in the Lobby 15.15 Acrylic or Glass Partitions 15.16 General Issues Related to Entrance Lobby 15.17 Outside Entrance Lobby 15.17.1 Screening Areas 15.17.2 Hand Wash/Sanitizer Stations 15.17.3 Face Masks /Shoe Covers Dispensers 15.18 Reduction of People Landing in the Entrance Lobby Further Reading 16 Emergency Services 16.1 Objectives of the Emergency Department 16.2 Location of Emergency Department 16.3 Signage of the Emergency Department 16.4 Size of the Emergency Department 16.5 Areas Required for Emergency Department 16.6 The Entrance of the Emergency Department 16.6.1 Main Gate 16.6.2 Entrance Door to the Emergency Department 16.6.3 Outside Entrance Lobby 16.6.4 Screening Areas 16.6.5 Handwash/Sanitizer Stations 16.6.6 Face Masks/Shoe Covers Dispensers 16.6.7 Decontamination Area 16.6.8 General Waiting 16.6.9 Ambulance Control 16.7 Reception 16.7.1 The Infrastructure of Reception 16.7.2 Furniture 16.7.3 Tools and Instruments 16.7.4 Electrical Points at Reception 16.7.5 Other Communication Points at Reception 16.8 Triage and Resuscitation 16.8.1 Location of Triage 16.8.2 Size of Triage 16.8.3 Issues Related to Infrastructure of Triage 16.8.4 Bed Layout in Triage 16.8.5 Isolation Room/Units/Area in Triage 16.8.6 Resuscitation Rooms in Triage 16.8.7 Furniture in Triage 16.8.8 Equipment in Triage 16.8.9 Tools and Instruments 16.8.10 Doors 16.8.11 Windows 16.8.12 Hand Washing 16.8.13 Central Piped Medical Gas Supply 16.8.14 Electrical Points in Triage 16.8.15 Other Communication Points in Triage 16.8.16 Curtain Partitions 16.8.17 Doctors Duty Rooms in Triage 16.9 Treatment/Procedure Room/Minor Operation Theatre 16.9.1 Location of Minor OT 16.9.2 Size of Minor OT 16.9.3 The Infrastructure of Minor OT 16.9.4 Issues Related to Infrastructure of Minor OT 16.9.5 Furniture in Minor OT 16.9.6 Equipment 16.9.7 Tools and Instruments 16.9.8 Doors 16.9.9 Windows 16.9.10 Handwashing 16.9.11 Central Piped Medical Gas Supply 16.9.12 Electrical Points in Minor OT 16.9.13 Other Communication Points in Minor OT 16.10 Procedure and Diagnostic Setup 16.10.1 Location of Investigation Rooms 16.11 Emergency Operation Theatre Complex 16.12 Day-Care Observation Ward 16.12.1 Location of Observation Ward 16.12.2 Size of Observation Ward 16.12.3 The Infrastructure of Observation Ward 16.12.4 Issues Related to Infrastructure of Observation Ward 16.12.5 Bed Layout in Observation Ward 16.12.6 Isolation Room in the Observation Ward 16.12.7 Furniture in Observation Ward 16.12.8 Equipment 16.12.9 Tools and Instruments 16.12.10 Doors 16.12.11 Windows 16.12.12 Handwashing 16.12.13 Central Piped Medical Gas Supply 16.12.14 Electrical Points in Observation Ward 16.12.15 Other Communication Points in Observation Ward 16.12.16 Curtain Partitions 16.13 Other Issues Relating to Emergency Department 16.14 Disaster Plan 16.14.1 Factors for Disaster Plan Further Reading 17 Outpatient Department 17.1 Location of the OPD 17.2 Schemes of the Layout of the OPD 17.2.1 Single Corridor OPD 17.2.2 Double Corridor OPD 17.2.3 Clustered OPD Block 17.3 Infrastructure Requirements in the OPD 17.4 Reception and Enquiry Counter 17.4.1 Furniture at the Reception 17.4.2 Electrical and Other Points at the Reception 17.5 Registration Counter 17.5.1 Furniture at Registration Counter 17.5.2 Electrical and Other Points at Registration Counters 17.6 Waiting Lobby/Hall 17.7 Examination Rooms 17.7.1 Combined Multi-Disciplinary Consultation Room 17.7.2 Separate Consultation Room 17.8 Procedure/Treatment Rooms 17.9 Support Rooms 17.10 General Issue While Designing the OPD 17.11 Number of OPDs Required 17.12 Consultation Room 17.12.1 Size of the OPD Room 17.12.2 Doors 17.12.3 Windows 17.12.4 Hand Washing 17.12.5 Furniture 17.12.6 Instruments and Equipment 17.12.7 Electrical Points in Consultation Room 17.12.8 Other Communication Points in OPD 17.12.9 Curtain Partitions 17.13 Design of OPD 17.13.1 Use of Touch-free Medical Devices 17.13.2 OPD Consultation Rooms with Videoconferencing Solutions 17.13.3 Creating Virtual OPD 17.13.4 Sterilization and Pressure 17.13.5 Telemedicine Impact on the Facility 17.13.6 Mobile Health 17.14 Procedure /Treatment Room 17.14.1 Size of the Procedure/Treatment Room 17.14.2 Doors 17.14.3 Windows 17.14.4 Handwashing 17.14.5 Furniture 17.14.6 Instruments and Equipment 17.14.7 Electrical Points in Procedure/Treatment Room 17.14.8 Other Communication Points in Procedure/Treatment Room Further Reading 18 Intensive Care Units 18.1 Types of ICUs 18.2 Number of Beds in a Single Unit of ICU 18.3 Location of Intensive Care Units 18.4 Infrastructure of ICU 18.5 Size of the ICU 18.6 Sizing Considerations 18.7 Patient Care Zone 18.7.1 Patient Unit 18.7.2 Isolation Room/Units/Area in ICU 18.7.3 Furniture in ICU 18.7.4 Equipment 18.7.5 Tools and Instruments 18.7.6 Doors 18.7.7 Windows 18.7.8 Nursing Station 18.7.9 Hand Hygiene 18.7.10 Toilets 18.7.11 Air Conditioning System of ICUs 18.7.12 Central Piped Medical Gas Supply 18.7.13 Electrical Points in ICU 18.7.14 Other Communication Points in ICU 18.7.15 Curtain Partitions 18.8 Procedure and Treatment Room 18.8.1 Location of Treatment/Procedure Room 18.8.2 Size of Treatment/Procedure Room 18.8.3 Issues Related to Infrastructure of Treatment/Procedure Room 18.8.4 Furniture in Treatment/Procedure Room 18.8.5 Equipment 18.8.6 Tools and Instruments 18.8.7 Doors 18.8.8 Windows 18.8.9 Handwashing 18.8.10 Central Piped Medical Gas Supply 18.8.11 Electrical Points in Treatment/Procedure Room 18.8.12 Other Communication Points in Treatment/Procedure Room 18.8.13 Other Issues on Patient Care Zone and Procedure/Treatment Room 18.8.14 Lighting in the ICU 18.8.15 Dialysis Equipment 18.8.16 Power Backup 18.9 Clinical Support Zone 18.9.1 Rigorous Monitoring 18.9.2 Radiology 18.9.3 Laboratory 18.9.4 Medication Rooms 18.9.5 Pneumatic Tube Systems 18.9.6 Clean Utility 18.9.7 Dirty Utility/Sluice Room 18.9.8 Equipment Park/Store 18.9.9 Emergency Eyewash Station 18.10 Unit Support Zone 18.10.1 Change Room: Male/Female in ICU 18.10.2 Doctors Duty Rooms in ICU 18.10.3 Nurses Night Duty Rooms in ICU 18.10.4 Night Duty Room for On-Call Junior Doctors 18.10.5 Ward Pantry 18.10.6 Staff Lounge 18.11 Family Support Zone 18.11.1 Family Lounge 18.11.2 Consultation Rooms 18.11.3 Meditation Spaces 18.11.4 Family Cafeteria 18.11.5 Family Sleep Rooms 18.11.6 Family Laundry 18.12 Specialized Intensive Care Units 18.12.1 Intensive Coronary Care Unit 18.12.2 Respiratory Care ICU 18.12.3 Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit 18.12.4 Burn Unit 18.12.5 Geriatric ICU 18.12.6 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit 18.13 Common Design Considerations 18.13.1 Signage and Way Finding 18.13.2 Security and Access Control 18.13.3 Patient Safety Technology 18.13.4 Communications 18.13.5 Storage 18.13.6 Relationships with Other Departments 18.13.7 Central Nursing Station 18.13.8 Patient Records 18.13.9 X-ray Viewing Area 18.13.10 Reception Area 18.13.11 Corridors in ICU Complex 18.13.12 Administrative Offices Further Reading 19 Operation Theatre Suite 19.1 Location of Operating Theatre (O.T.) Complex 19.2 Zones in O.T. Complex 19.2.1 Unsterile Zone 19.2.2 Protective Zone 19.2.3 Clean Zone 19.2.4 Sterile Zone 19.3 Infrastructure of O.T. Complex 19.4 Unsterile Zone 19.4.1 Administrative Area 19.4.2 Operation Theatre In-charge or Manager 19.4.3 Room for Head of Anaesthesia 19.4.4 Surgeons Room for Office Work 19.4.5 Trolley Bay 19.4.6 Frozen Section Biopsy Laboratory 19.4.7 Shoe Change Area 19.4.8 Entry Door for Changing Room 19.4.9 Waiting Area for Attendants 19.4.10 Public Utility for Attendants 19.4.11 Linen Pre-wash Room 19.4.12 Instrument Wash Room 19.5 Protective Zone 19.5.1 Changing Rooms 19.5.2 Entry Gate of Pre-operative Ward 19.5.3 Unsterile Store for Equipment Storage 19.5.4 Store for Medicines, Consumables and Disposables 19.5.5 Pantry 19.6 Clean Zone 19.6.1 Pre-operative Room 19.6.2 Preparation Room 19.6.3 Surgeons Rest Room 19.6.4 Restroom for Staff: Males and Females 19.6.5 Exit Doors of all Change Rooms 19.6.6 Pre-anaesthetic Check-up Room (PAC) 19.6.7 Dirty Utility 19.6.8 Post-operative Recovery Ward 19.7 Sterile Zone 19.7.1 Clean Supply Room 19.7.2 Instrument Trolley Lay Up 19.7.3 Scrub Station 19.7.4 Sterilization Room 19.7.5 Operating Theatres/Rooms 19.7.6 Number of OR 19.7.7 Location and Layout of the ORs 19.7.8 Types of Operating Rooms 19.8 Simple Room OR 19.9 Pre-fabricated Modular OR 19.9.1 Size of the OR 19.9.2 Walls of the OR 19.9.3 Ceiling of the OR 19.9.4 Corners of OR 19.9.5 Door of the OR 19.9.6 Window in OR 19.9.7 Control Panel 19.9.8 View Box 19.9.9 Writing Board 19.9.10 Pressure Relief Damper (PRD) 19.9.11 Peripheral Lights 19.9.12 Plenum 19.9.13 Plenum Lights 19.9.14 Pass-through Windows/Hatch Boxes 19.9.15 Electrical Points 19.9.16 Anaesthetist Pendant 19.9.17 Surgeon Pendant 19.9.18 Flooring 19.9.19 Painting 19.9.20 Air Conditioning and Environment of ORs 19.9.21 Supply Air Ducts 19.9.22 Return Air 19.9.23 Special Air Requirements for OR 19.9.24 Other Communication Points in OR 19.9.25 Equipment in OR 19.9.26 Furniture OR 19.10 Septic Operation Theatre 19.11 Endoscopy Suite 19.11.1 Endoscopy Room 19.11.2 Endoscope Washroom 19.11.3 Store 19.11.4 Change Room 19.11.5 Recovery Room 19.11.6 Consultation Room 19.12 Semi-modular OR 19.13 Modular OR 19.14 Hybrid OR Further Reading 20 Delivery Room/Labour Room 20.1 Location of LDR Complex 20.2 Zones in LDR Complex 20.2.1 Unsterile Zone 20.2.2 Protective Zone 20.2.3 Delivery Zone 20.3 Infrastructure of LDR Complex 20.4 Unsterile Zone 20.4.1 Administrative Area 20.4.2 Labour Room In-Charge 20.4.3 Gynaecologist Room for Office Work 20.4.4 Trolley Bay 20.4.5 Shoe Change Area 20.4.6 Entry Door for Changing Room 20.4.7 Waiting Area for Attendants 20.4.8 Public Utility for Attendants 20.4.9 Linen Pre-wash Room 20.4.10 Instrument Wash Room 20.5 Protective Zone 20.5.1 Changing Rooms 20.5.2 Store for Equipment, Medicines, Consumables and Disposables 20.5.3 Pre-labour Room/Ward 20.5.4 Eclampsia Room 20.5.5 Examination/Preparation Room 20.5.6 Surgeons Rest Room 20.5.7 Dirty Utility 20.5.8 Post-labour Recovery Ward 20.5.9 Doctors Night Duty Rooms 20.6 Delivery Zone 20.6.1 Clean Supply Room 20.6.2 Instrument Trolley Layup 20.6.3 Scrub Station 20.6.4 Sterilization Room 20.6.5 Delivery Rooms 20.6.6 Location and Layout of the Delivery Rooms 20.6.7 Types of Delivery Rooms 20.6.8 Equipment in Delivery Rooms 20.6.9 Furniture Delivery Rooms 20.6.10 Other Issues Relating to the Delivery Room 20.6.11 Septic Delivery Room 20.7 Baby Resuscitation Area 20.8 Other Important Issues to be Considered While Designing LDR 20.8.1 Labour Table Specifications 20.8.2 Shifting Baby to NICU 20.8.3 Access to the Operating Room Further Reading 21 Intermediate Care Area (Patient Rooms) 21.1 Improve Patient and Staff Safety 21.2 Increase Patient and Staff Satisfaction 21.3 Provide Amenities and Comfort for the Family 21.3.1 Family Lounge 21.3.2 Consultation Rooms 21.3.3 Meditation Spaces 21.3.4 Family Cafeteria 21.3.5 Family Sleep Rooms 21.3.6 Family Laundry 21.4 Increase Staff Efficiency 21.5 Patient Room Furnishings 21.5.1 Room Decor 21.5.2 Lighting in the Patient Room 21.5.3 Ceiling Finishes 21.6 Types of Patient Rooms in the Hospital 21.6.1 Single Bed Occupancy 21.6.2 Sharing Rooms 21.6.3 General Wards 21.6.4 Isolation Ward/Rooms 21.7 Infrastructure Details of the Indoor Patient Units 21.8 Location of the Indoor Patient Areas 21.9 Zoning of the Isolation Areas 21.10 Single Patient Room (Private Room) 21.10.1 Room Layout 21.10.2 Size of the Room 21.10.3 Walls 21.10.4 Doors 21.10.5 Windows 21.10.6 Toilets 21.10.7 Bed Layout in Patient Room 21.10.8 Furniture and Instruments in Patient Room 21.10.9 Air Conditioning System of Patient Rooms 21.10.10 Central Piped Medical Gas Supply 21.10.11 Electrical Points in Patient Room 21.10.12 Other Communication Points in Patient Room 21.10.13 Curtain Partitions 21.10.14 IV Track 21.10.15 Psychiatric Patient Rooms 21.11 Deluxe Single Patient Room (Deluxe Room) 21.12 Family Suite with Single Patient Room (Suite Room) 21.12.1 Patient Room of the Suite 21.12.2 Family Room of the Suite 21.13 Sharing Patient Room (Semi-private Room) 21.13.1 Room Layout 21.13.2 Size of the Semi-private Sharing Room 21.13.3 Design of the Semi-private Sharing Room 21.13.4 Toilets 21.13.5 Bed Layout in Patient Room 21.13.6 Furniture and Instruments in Patient Room 21.13.7 Air Conditioning System of Patient Rooms 21.13.8 Central Piped Medical Gas Supply 21.13.9 Electrical Points in Patient Room 21.13.10 Other Communication Points in Patient Room 21.13.11 Curtain Partitions 21.13.12 IV Track 21.13.13 Lighting in the Patient Room 21.14 General Ward (Multiple Beds Room) 21.14.1 Location of the Multiple Bed Wards 21.14.2 Room Layout 21.14.3 Number of Beds in the Multiple Bed Ward 21.14.4 Size of the Multiple Bed Ward 21.14.5 Design of the Multiple Bed Ward 21.14.6 Toilets 21.14.7 Bed Layout in Ward 21.14.8 Furniture and Instruments 21.14.9 Air Conditioning System 21.14.10 Central Piped Medical Gas Supply 21.14.11 Electrical Points in Ward 21.14.12 Other Communication Points in Ward 21.14.13 Curtain Partitions 21.14.14 IV Track 21.14.15 Lighting in the Patient Room 21.15 Isolation Rooms/Wards 21.15.1 Isolation in ICU 21.15.2 Single Bed Isolation Rooms 21.15.3 Air and Pressure Monitoring System for Isolation Rooms 21.15.4 Pressurization of the Isolation Rooms 21.15.5 Air Conditioning of the Isolation Wards/Units 21.16 Supporting Room/Units for Indoor Patient Service 21.17 Nursing Station 21.17.1 Hand Hygiene 21.17.2 Alcohol Gel/Sanitizer Dispensers 21.18 Nurses Duty Rooms 21.19 Doctors Duty Rooms 21.20 Procedure and Treatment Room 21.20.1 Location of Treatment/Procedure Room 21.20.2 Size of Treatment/Procedure Room 21.20.3 Issues Related to Infrastructure of Treatment/Procedure Room 21.20.4 Furniture in Treatment/Procedure Room 21.20.5 Doors 21.20.6 Windows 21.20.7 Handwashing 21.20.8 Central Piped Medical Gas Supply 21.20.9 Electrical Points in Treatment/Procedure Room 21.20.10 Other Communication Points in Treatment/Procedure Room 21.21 Clean Utility 21.22 Dirty Utility/Sluice Room 21.23 Store for Medicines, Consumables and Disposables 21.24 Medication Areas 21.25 Equipment Park/Store 21.26 Trolley Park Area 21.27 Ward Pantry Further Reading 22 Radiology 22.1 Diagnostic vs Therapeutic Radiology 22.2 Location of the Radiology Department 22.3 Infrastructure on Centralized Radiology Department 22.4 Main Equipment in the Department of Radiology 22.5 Utility Area 22.5.1 Reception and Enquiry 22.5.2 Registration and Cash Counter 22.5.3 Waiting Lobby 22.5.4 Reporting Room 22.5.5 Stores for Unused Consumables and Films 22.5.6 Stores for Used Films and General Items 22.5.7 Report Delivery Counter 22.6 X-Ray Zone 22.6.1 Radiography Rooms 22.6.2 Room for Mobile X-Ray System 22.6.3 Change Rooms 22.6.4 Patient Preparation Room 22.6.5 Computerized Radiography (CR) Room 22.6.6 Sub-waiting for Radiography 22.7 Ultrasound Zone 22.7.1 Ultrasound Room 22.7.2 Change Rooms 22.7.3 Toilets 22.7.4 Sub-waiting for Ultrasound 22.8 CT Scan Zone 22.8.1 CT Scan Machine Room 22.8.2 CT Control Room 22.8.3 UPS Room 22.8.4 CT Panel Room 22.8.5 Change Rooms 22.8.6 Sub-waiting for CT Scan 22.9 MRI Zone 22.9.1 MRI Machine Room 22.9.2 MRI Control Room 22.9.3 UPS Room 22.9.4 MRI Panel Room 22.9.5 Chiller 22.9.6 Change Rooms 22.9.7 Sub-waiting for MRI 22.10 Mammography Zone 22.10.1 Mammography Rooms 22.10.2 Change Rooms 22.10.3 Computerized Radiography (CR) Room 22.10.4 Sub-waiting for Mammography 22.11 DEXA Scan Zone 22.11.1 DEXA Scan Machine Room 22.11.2 Sub-waiting for DEXA Scan 22.12 PET CT/MRI Zone 22.12.1 Location of the Zone in Hospital 22.12.2 PET CT Scan Machine Room 22.12.3 PET MRI Machine Room 22.12.4 SPECT CT Machine Room 22.12.5 Operating Console Rooms 22.12.6 Low-Risk Areas or Cold Areas 22.12.7 High-Risk Areas or Radiation Exposure Hot Areas 22.12.8 Toilet 22.12.9 Control and Scanning Room 22.12.10 Post-examination Waiting Room 22.12.11 Waste Disposal Room Further Reading 23 Clinical Laboratories 23.1 Infrastructure of Clinical Lab 23.2 Size of the Lab 23.3 Layout 23.4 Spaces 23.5 Location and Arrangement of Areas 23.6 Open Lab Designs 23.7 Biosafety 23.8 Molecular Testing 23.9 Laboratories 23.9.1 Working Slabs 23.9.2 Sinks 23.9.3 Equipment Park/Store 23.9.4 Emergency Eyewash Station 23.9.5 Clean Utility 23.9.6 Biohazard/Trash/Recycle Room 23.10 Pneumatic Tube Systems (PTS) 23.11 Clear Floor Space 23.12 Electrical Points in Laboratories 23.13 Other Communication Points in Laboratories 23.14 Air Conditioning System of Laboratories 23.15 Furniture in the Laboratories 23.16 Main Equipment in the Clinical Laboratories 23.17 Support Services 23.17.1 Autoclave 23.17.2 Bulk Storage Room 23.17.3 Cold Storage Room 23.17.4 RO Water Closet 23.17.5 Gas Storage Closet 23.17.6 Record/File/Copy Room 23.17.7 Flammable Storage 23.17.8 Specimen Storage/Recycle 23.17.9 Block and Slide Storage 23.17.10 Penta Head/Deca Head Microscope Room 23.18 Utility Area 23.18.1 Doctors Room 23.18.2 Laboratory Manager 23.18.3 Technicians Room 23.19 Outpatient Phlebotomy 23.19.1 OPD Phlebotomy Room 23.19.2 Fine Needle Aspiration Room 23.19.3 Toilets 23.19.4 Waiting Area 23.20 Employee Support 23.20.1 Staff Lounge 23.20.2 Lockers 23.20.3 Shower with Water Closet Further Reading 24 Blood Bank 24.1 Location of the Blood Bank in Hospital 24.2 Controlling Authority 24.3 Functions of Blood Bank 24.3.1 Receiving 24.3.2 Storage 24.3.3 Testing 24.3.4 Distribution 24.4 Infrastructure of the Blood Bank 24.5 Area of Blood Bank 24.6 Equipment in the Blood Bank 24.7 Receiving Area 24.7.1 Entrance 24.7.2 Reception 24.7.3 Registration 24.7.4 Waiting 24.7.5 Medical Examination 24.7.6 Bleeding Room 24.7.7 Refreshment/Recovery/Rest Room 24.7.8 Apheresis Room 24.8 Testing Area 24.8.1 Working Slabs 24.8.2 Sinks 24.8.3 Electrical Points in Laboratories 24.8.4 Other Communication Points in Laboratories 24.8.5 Air Conditioning System of Laboratories 24.8.6 Furniture in the Laboratories 24.9 Storage and Processing Area 24.9.1 Blood Component Room 24.10 Distribution Area 24.10.1 Pneumatic Tube Systems 24.11 Utility Area 24.11.1 Change Room 24.11.2 Doctors Rest Rooms 24.11.3 Store 24.11.4 Record Room 24.11.5 Medical Officer Room 24.11.6 Sterilization Room Cum Washing Room 24.11.7 Waste Management and Disposal Further Reading 25 Other Investigations and Procedures 25.1 Coronary Catheterization (Cath Lab) 25.1.1 Location of the Cath Lab 25.1.2 Number of Cath Lab Procedure Rooms 25.1.3 Cath Lab Console Room 25.1.4 UPS Room 25.1.5 Cath Lab Panel Room 25.1.6 Change Rooms for Patients 25.1.7 Change Rooms for Staff 25.1.8 Waiting for Cath Lab 25.1.9 Stores for Unused Consumable 25.1.10 Stores for Records and CDs 25.1.11 Consultation Rooms 25.2 Thallium Scan 25.3 Audiometry 25.3.1 Location of the Audiometry Room 25.3.2 Room Designing 25.4 Bronchoscopy 25.5 Capsule Endoscopy, Cholangioscopy, Colonoscopy, Duodenoscopy, Endoscopic Ultrasound, Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy etc. 25.6 Neurology 25.7 Polysomnography (Sleep Lab) 25.7.1 Location of the Sleep Lab 25.7.2 Room Designing 25.8 Ophthalmology 25.9 ESW Lithotripter of Urology 25.10 Dialysis 25.10.1 Location of the Dialysis Room 25.10.2 Dialysis Procedure Room 25.10.3 Washroom for Dialyzers 25.10.4 Store 25.10.5 Change Rooms for Patients 25.10.6 Change Rooms for Staff 25.10.7 Waiting for Dialysis Further Reading 26 Radiation Therapy 26.1 Location of Radiotherapy Unit 26.2 Infrastructure of the Radiotherapy Department 26.3 Utility Areas 26.3.1 Entrance to the department 26.3.2 Outside Entrance 26.3.3 Reception and Enquiry Counter 26.3.4 Registration Counter 26.3.5 General Waiting 26.3.6 Store 26.3.7 Consultation Room 26.4 Treatment and Planning Area 26.4.1 Mould Room 26.4.2 Mould Workshop 26.4.3 Medical Physics 26.4.4 CT Simulators 26.5 Radiation Therapy Treatment Area 26.5.1 External Beam Radiation Therapy 26.5.2 Internal Beam Radiation Therapy 26.6 Radiotherapy Ward 26.7 Trolley Bay 26.8 Change Rooms 26.9 Store 26.10 Signage and Wayfinding 26.11 Sub-waiting Lobbies 26.12 Clean Utility 26.13 Dirty Utility/Sluice Room 26.14 Handwashing 26.15 Administration/Offices 26.16 Other Issues on Infrastructure of the Radiation Therapy Unit 26.16.1 Acoustics 26.16.2 Doors 26.16.3 Finishes 26.16.4 Other Communication Points in the Radiation Department 26.17 Heating Ventilation and Air conditioning 26.18 Central Piped Medical Gas Supply 26.19 Electrical Points in the Radiation Therapy Department 26.20 Power Backup Further Reading 27 Rehabilitation and Allied Health Therapies 27.1 Location of Physiotherapy Department 27.2 Layout of the Physiotherapy Department 27.3 Entrance/Entrance Lobby 27.4 Reception 27.5 Waiting Areas 27.6 Examination Room with Exam. Cubicles 27.7 Patient Therapy Areas 27.7.1 Physiotherapy 27.7.2 Occupational Therapy 27.8 Administrative Area 27.9 In-Charge Rehabilitation Department 27.10 Secretarial Staff 27.11 Store 27.12 Trolley Bay 27.13 Clean Utility 27.14 Dirty Utility/Sluice Room 27.15 Change Rooms 27.16 Other Issues About the Infrastructure of the Rehabilitation Department Further Reading 28 Pharmacy Unit 28.1 Location for the Pharmacy 28.2 Size of the Pharmacy 28.3 Infrastructure of Pharmacy 28.4 Pharmacy for Ou This book is a one-stop resource on all the critical aspects of planning and designing hospitals, one of the most complex healthcare projects to undertake. A well-planned and designed hospital should control infection rate, provide safety to patients, caregivers and visitors, help improve patients' recovery and have scope for future expansion and change. Reinforcing these basic principles, guidance on such effective planning and designing is the key focus. Readers are offered insights into eliminating shortcomings at every stage of setting up a hospital which may not be feasible to rectify later on through alterations. Chapters from 1 to 12 of the book provide exhaustive notes on initial planning, such as detailed project reports, feasibility studies, and area calculation. Chapters 13 to 27 include designing and layout of all the essential departments/units such as OPD, emergency, intermediate care, diagnostics, operating rooms, and intensive care units. Chapters 28 to 37 cover designing support services like sterilization department, pharmacy, medical gas pipeline, kitchen, laundry, medical record, and mortuary. Chapters 38 to 48 take the readers through planning other services like air-conditioning and ventilation, fire safety, extra low voltage, mechanical, electrical, and plumbing services. Chapter 49 is for the planning of medical equipment. A particular chapter on "Green" hospital designing is included. This book is a single essential tabletop reference for hospital consultants, medical and hospital administrators, hospital designers, architecture students, and hospital promoters.--Page 4 of cover
دانلود کتاب Manual of Hospital Planning and Designing : For Medical Administrators, Architects and Planners