Malignant lymphomas of the nervous system : international symposium organized by the Österreichische Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropathologie and the Research Group of Neuropathology of the World Federation of Neurology, Wien, August 29-31, 1974

More than 150 years have passed since involvement of the nervous system in leukemia was first reported by BURNS, while the possibility of the primary brain tumor derived from the lymphoreticular tissue was recognized much later. BAILEY in 1929 described such neoplasms under the term perithelial sarcoma. Later these tumors of the nervous system have been variously designated as "Perivascular of perithelial sarcomas, reticulum cell sarcomas or microgliomas", as controversy has evolved and still exists on the definition of this group of neoplasms and on the nature of their cells of origin. Much of the unfortunate confusion concerning the neoplastic lesions attributed to "microglia" and other derivations of the RE system arose because their close relationship to extra­ neural cells has been ignored. On the other hand, communication in the field of malignant lymphomas has become increasingly difficult because of the termino­ logic maze and conceptual diversities of traditional morphological classifica­ tions that have limited valid comparisons. Although at present we are still far from a precise recognition of the basic features of lymphoproliferative processes and from a fairly general agreement on the terminology of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, there is encouraging evidence recently of some enlightment on the nature of tumor cells that provides the basis for a reasonable and generally acceptable lymphoma classification. Front Matter....Pages I-VIII Morphology and Classification of Malignant Lymphomas and So-called Reticuloses....Pages 1-16 Ultrastructural Features of Human Lymphomas....Pages 17-20 Morphological Classification of Malignant Lymphomas: Ultrastructural, Cytochemical and Immunological Results....Pages 21-29 Classification of Malignant Lymphomas by Means of Membrane Markers....Pages 31-36 Differentiation of Lymphoid Cells of the B Cell Series According to Membrane and Cytoplasmic Determinants....Pages 37-40 Studies of the Mechanism of Growth Promotion of Lymphoma Cells by 2-Mercaptoethanol in vitro ....Pages 41-45 Myxovirus-Like Particles in Cells of American Burkitt’s-Type Lymphoma....Pages 47-52 Acid Phosphatase of Azurophilic Granules of C3HST4 Lymphoma....Pages 53-56 The Fine Structure of the Lymphocyte Nucleus Under Conditions of Phytohaemagglutinin Stimulation....Pages 57-63 Studies on Lymphocyte Sensitization to Encephalitogenic Protein in Tumor Patients....Pages 65-68 Malignant Lymphomas of the Nervous System....Pages 69-74 Lymphoreticular Proliferative Disorders of the CNS and Other Organs: Analogies and Differences....Pages 75-79 Neoplastic Involvement of the CNS in Generalized Lymphomas....Pages 81-84 Primary Lymphoreticuloses of the Nervous System in Animals....Pages 85-89 Pathology of Primary Reticulum Cell Sarcoma of the Human Central Nervous System....Pages 91-94 Primary Malignant Lymphomas of the Central Nervous System in Man....Pages 95-102 Primary Lymphomas of the Central Nervous System; in vitro Culture Observations....Pages 103-106 Primary and Borderline Brain Lymphosarcoma: A Neuropathological Review of Nine Cases....Pages 107-113 Microglioma and/or Reticulosarcoma of the Nervous System....Pages 115-118 The Classification of Microgliomatosis with Particular Reference to Diffuse Microgliomatosis....Pages 119-123 Patterns of Proliferation in Cerebral Lymphoreticular Tumours....Pages 125-130 „Malignant Lymphoma“ of the Brain Following Renal Transplantation....Pages 131-133 Human and Experimental Reticulum Cell Sarcoma (Microglioma) of the Nervous System....Pages 135-140 A Comparison of the Fine Structure of Malignant Lymphoma and Other Neoplasms in the Brain....Pages 141-145 Fine Structure of Primary Reticulum Cell Sarcoma of the Brain....Pages 147-153 Ultrastructural Study of Two Central Nervous System Lymphomas 1....Pages 155-160 Primary Cerebral Reticulosis and Plasma Cell Differentiation....Pages 161-166 Nuclear Characteristics of Malignant Lymphoma in the Brain....Pages 167-171 The Ultrastructure of Reticulin....Pages 173-176 Certain Notable Clinical Attributes of the Histiocytic Sarcomas of the Central Nervous System....Pages 177-180 Differential Diagnostic Aspects in Malignant Lymphomas Involving the Central Nervous System....Pages 181-186 Cytology of the Cerebrospinal Fluid in Patients with Hodgkin’s Disease or Malignant Lymphoma....Pages 187-191 Light- and Electron Microscopic Studies in Hemoblastosis with CNS-Disorder....Pages 193-198 Electron Microscopy of Lymphocytic Leukaemia Cells in the Cerebrospinal Fluid....Pages 199-203 Family Studies in Cases with Malignant Lymphomas....Pages 205-208 Clinical and Pathological Studies in a Case of Reticulum Cell Sarcoma....Pages 209-212 Lymphoblastic Extramedullary Spinal Tumor During Remission of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemie....Pages 213-215 Radiotherapy of Malignant Lymphomas....Pages 217-220 Chemotherapy of Malignant Lymphomas....Pages 221-225 Immunotherapy of Malignant Disease in Man....Pages 227-233 Meningeal Localisation of Acute Leukaemias....Pages 235-239 Prevention of Meningeal Leukaemia and Relapses by Cranial Irradiation and Intrathecal MTX in Acute Lymphatic Leukaemia....Pages 241-245 Atypical Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy with Plasma-Cell Infiltrates....Pages 247-250 Leukoencephalopathy Following Combines Therapy of Central Nervous System Leukemia and Lymphoma....Pages 251-255 Diffuse Reticulosis with Leukomalacia....Pages 257-260 Unusual Infections of the Nervous System in Malignant Lymphomas....Pages 261-265 SSPE-Like Inclusion Body Disorder in Treated Childhood Leukemia....Pages 267-272 The Ultrastructure of Normal and Reactive Microglia....Pages 273-278 EM Findings on the Source of Reactive Microglia on the Mammalian Brain....Pages 279-283 Experimental Studies on Kinetics and Functions of Monuclear Phagozytes of the Central Nervous System....Pages 285-290 Origin of Brain Macrophages and the Nature of the So-Called Microglia....Pages 291-296 The Relationship between Microglia and Brain Macrophages. Experimental Investigations....Pages 297-300 Conclusions....Pages 301-301 Back Matter....Pages 303-303 Spezifischer) oder glioser (interstitieller) Art ist ... Die Erfahrung lehrt, daB gerade das inter stitielle Gewebe einer der hiiufigsten Sitze krankhafter Veriinderungen, z. B. fettiger Degenera tion, Induration, Proliferation ist." Mit dieser grundsatzlichen Bemerkung wird RUDOLF VmCHOW zum Begrnnder einer systematischen Pathologie der Neuroglia. Er eroifnet - 1856 als Ordi narius fUr Pathologie nach Berlin zUrUckgekehrt - hiermit die vorklassische, man kann vergleichsweise sagen, archaische Epoche der N europathologie - archa isch, weil die Methoden der Gewebsaufbereitung und der histologischen Darstel lung damals noch ganz primitiv waren - erst wenige Jahre spater kam die Carmin farbung in Mode. WEIGERT bemerkt deshalb mit Bewunderung, daB VmcHow in wesentlichen Punkten trotz der Primitivitat der Methoden das Richtige traf. Das spricht fiir den Scharfsinn des Forschers VmcHow und fiir seine weit iiber die bloBe Beobachtungsgabe hinausreichende Erkenntnisfahigkeit. Wir stehen aber 1846 in Berlin nicht nur am Orte der Entdeckung der Neuro glia und am Ausgangspunkte einer danach allmahlich beginnenden Erforschung ihrer Orthologie und Pathologie, sondern zugleich auch am Beginn einer wissen schaftlichen Diskussion, die von VmCHow in seiner ersten Neuroglia-Studie bereits in Gang gesetzt wird und die weit iiber die klassische Epoche der Neuropathologie und Neuroanatomie hinaus bis in die letzten Jahre hinein lebendig und in vielen Punkten unentschieden geblieben ist. VmcHOW glaubte namlich damals - wie KOELLIKER, FRoMANN und spater in der klassischen Zeit der Neuropathologie noch NISSL, ALZHEIMER und SPIELMEYER -, ein syncytiales Gliareticulum dar gestellt zu haben More than 150 years have passed since involvement of the nervous system in leukemia was first reported by BURNS, while the possibility of the primary brain tumor derived from the lymphoreticular tissue was recognized much later. BAILEY in 1929 described such neoplasms under the term perithelial sarcoma. Later these tumors of the nervous system have been variously designated as "Perivascular of perithelial sarcomas, reticulum cell sarcomas or microgliomas", as controversy has evolved and still exists on the definition of this group of neoplasms and on the nature of their cells of origin. Much of the unfortunate confusion concerning the neoplastic lesions attributed to "microglia" and other derivations of the RE system arose because their close relationship to extraƯ neural cells has been ignored. On the other hand, communication in the field of malignant lymphomas has become increasingly difficult because of the terminoƯ logic maze and conceptual diversities of traditional morphological classificaƯ tions that have limited valid comparisons. Although at present we are still far from a precise recognition of the basic features of lymphoproliferative processes and from a fairly general agreement on the terminology of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, there is encouraging evidence recently of some enlightment on the nature of tumor cells that provides the basis for a reasonable and generally acceptable lymphoma classification This work started out quite modestly as an investigation into the geographic distribution of cerebrovascular disease. But one question soon led to another and it just growed, like Topsy. In fact, it is hard to characterize precisely what this should be called. It is in part a Review of the Literature, in part a critique and reworking of other publications, and in part a standard view of stroke epidemio logy in the more restricted sense of attack and mortality rates and distribution. Still the result would I hope provide a synthesis of the population features of stroke as they appear to me at this time - a highly individual interpretation of the "state of the art." I have studiously avoided any survey of the history of cerebrovascular disease, and citations are for those of most recent vintage appropriate to the situation. Literature in this field continues to burgeon; my references end with the Fall of 1967. When counting noses we must have numbers, so the reader will find a massive compilation of tables. They are however necessary, especially since so many of my statements seem to fly in the face of current orthodoxy, whether lay or medical. With the data, one may decide for himself their validity. Insofar as possible tables have been placed in the appendix. Unless an author is directly quoted by me, all interpretations of his data are my own and he should be held blameless." L'idee de convoquer un colloque centre sur Ie probleme des encephalopathies preseniles en dehors des maladies d'Alzheimer et de Pick m'a eM donnee, dans une conversation it Vienne il y a quatre ans, par Ie Prof. McMENEMEY. II reste aujourd'hui encore de grandes differences d'opinion concernant la denomination du principal groupe qui constitue ce chapitre de la pathologie presenile. Les uns parlent de maladie de Jakob-Creutzfeldt. NEVIN et McMENE MEY d'autre part ont groupe sous une autre denomination c. it d. sous Ie nom d' {laquo}encephalopathie spongiforme{raquo} un certain nombre de cas qu'ils croient differer des autres formes classiques de Creutzfeldt-Jakob decrites jusqu'it present. C'est ainsi que se sont fixes deux grands essais d'interpretation des lesions de ce groupe d'affections. D'une part la position de l'ecole anglaise est dualiste et distingue les formes spongieuses, revalorisees par les travaux de Queen Square. D'autre part les observateurs continentaux, du fait de l'existence de formes de passage avec un substratum histologique extremement pauvre et de formes avec spongiose, gliose, parfois me me necroses, s'en tiennent it une position unitaire. L'objet de notre effort est d'essayer de retrouver les bases anatomocliniques et de les comparer aux discussions electro-encephalographiques et histochimiques les plus actuelles Advances in axon biology are so rapid that every year provides us with a wealth of new facts and observations; hence, this conference cannot reasonable be expected to answer all questions. Rather, its purpose must be to take stock of the available data, to communicate advances and new concepts, and to help us to formulate the goals and approaches for future research. To this end, ample time was allotted during the symposium for discussion, but these exchanges of thoughts cannot, unfortunately, be included in the printed text. We hope that publication of the presentations will provide a valuable source of information on the present state of knowledge on this most important borderland between neuro­ pathology, neurophysiology and neurochemistry. We would like to express our gratitude to all participants of the symposium for contributing their efforts and for their enthusiasm. We are also indebted to Springer Verlag and Bergmann Verlag for publication of the symposium and for their appreciation of the editorial concerns. Organized by the OEsterreichische Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Neuropathologie and the Research Group of Neuropathology, Wien, August 29-31, 1974 Organized by the Österreichische Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropathologie and the Research Group of Neuropathology, Wien, August 29-31, 1974