Making Things Talk : Using Sensors, Networks, and Arduino to See, Hear, and Feel Your World

Making Things Talk, Second Edition by Tom Igoe. Using Sensors, Networks, and Arduino to see, hear, and feel your world. Make microcontrollers, PCs, servers, and smartphones talk to each other. Building electronic projects that interact with the physical world is good fun. But when the devices you’ve built start to talk to each other, things really get interesting. With 33 easy-to-build projects, Making Things Talk shows you how to get your gadgets to communicate with you and your environment. It’s perfect for people with little technical training but a lot of interest. Maybe you’re a science teacher who wants to show students how to monitor the weather in several locations at once. Or a sculptor looking to stage a room of choreographed mechanical sculptures. In this expanded edition, you’ll learn how to form networks of smart devices that share data and respond to commands. •Call your home thermostat with a smartphone and change the temperature. •Create your own game controllers that communicate over a network. •Use ZigBee, Bluetooth, Infrared, and plain old radio to transmit sensor data wirelessly. •Work with Arduino 1.0, Processing, and PHP—three easy-to-use, open source environments. •Write programs to send data across the Internet, based on physical activity in your home, office, or backyard. Whether you want to connect simple home sensors to the Internet, or create a device that can interact wirelessly with other gadgets, this book explains exactly what you need. Preface 9 Who This Book Is For 10 What You Need to Know 11 Contents of This Book 11 On Buying Parts 12 Using Code Examples 13 Using Circuit Examples 13 Acknowledgments for the First Edition 14 Note on the Second Edition 16 Chapter 1. The Tools 21 It Starts with the Stuff You Touch 22 It鈥檚 About Pulses 22 Computers of All Shapes and Sizes 23 Good Habits 24 Tools 25 Using the Command Line 33 Using an Oscilloscope 54 It Ends with the Stuff You Touch 55 Chapter 2. The Simplest Network 57 Supplies for Chapter 2 58 Layers of Agreement 60 Making the Connection: The Lower Layers 62 Type Brighter 66 Monski Pong 70 Flow Control 82 Wireless Monski Pong 84 Negotiating in Bluetooth 88 Conclusion 92 Chapter 3. A More Complex Network 95 Supplies for Chapter 3 96 Network Maps and Addresses 97 Networked Cat 109 Conclusion 132 Chapter 4. Look, Ma, No Computer! Microcontrollers on the Internet 135 Supplies for Chapter 4 137 Introducing Network Modules 138 Hello Internet! 140 An Embedded Network Client Application 147 Networked Air-Quality Meter 147 Programming and Troubleshooting Tools for Embedded Modules 160 Conclusion 167 Chapter 5. Communicating in (Near) Real Time 169 Supplies for Chapter 5 170 Interactive Systems and Feedback Loops 171 Transmission Control Protocol: Sockets & Sessions 172 Networked Pong 173 The Clients 175 Conclusion 198 Chapter 6. Wireless Communication 201 Supplies for Chapter 6 202 Why Isn鈥檛 Everything Wireless? 204 Two Flavors of Wireless: Infrared and Radio 205 Infrared Control of a Digital Camera 208 How Radio Works 210 Duplex Radio Transmission 213 Bluetooth Transceivers 226 Buying Radios 236 What About WiFi? 236 Hello WiFi! 237 Conclusion 240 Chapter 7. Sessionless Networks 243 Supplies for Chapter 7 244 Sessions vs. Messages 246 Who鈥檚 Out There? Broadcast Messages 247 Reporting Toxic Chemicals in the Shop 252 Directed Messages 266 Relaying Solar Cell Data Wirelessly 268 Conclusion 278 Chapter 8. How to Locate (Almost) Anything 281 Supplies for Chapter 8 282 Network Location and Physical Location 284 Determining Distance 287 Infrared Distance Ranger Example 288 Ultrasonic Distance Ranger Example 290 Reading Received Signal Strength Using XBee Radios 293 Reading Received Signal Strength Using Bluetooth Radios 296 Determining Position Through Trilateration 297 Reading the GPS Serial Protocol 298 Determining Orientation 306 Determining Heading Using a Digital Compass 306 Determining Attitude Using an Accelerometer 310 Conclusion 319 Chapter 9. Identification 321 Supplies for Chapter 9 322 Physical Identification 324 Color Recognition Using a Webcam 326 Face Detection Using a Webcam 330 2D Barcode Recognition Using a Webcam 333 Reading RFID Tags in Processing 338 RFID Meets Home Automation 341 Tweets from RFID 349 Network Identification 373 IP Geocoding 375 Conclusion 380 Chapter 10. Mobile Phone Networks and the Physical World 383 Supplies for Chapter 10 384 One Big Network 386 CatCam Redux 389 Phoning the Thermostat 406 Text-Messaging Interfaces 413 Native Applications for Mobile Phones 416 Personal Mobile Datalogger 421 Conclusion 435 Chapter 11. Protocols Revisited 437 Supplies for Chapter 11 438 Make the Connections 439 Text or Binary? 442 MIDI 445 Fun with MIDI 447 Representational State Transfer 455 Fun with REST 457 Conclusion 460 Appendix. Where to Get Stuff 463 Supplies 464 Hardware 467 Software 472 Index 475 Make microcontrollers, PCs, servers, and smartphones talk to each other.Building electronic projects that interact with the physical world is good fun. But when the devices you've built start to talk to each other, things really get interesting. With 33 easy-to-build projects, Making Things Talk shows you how to get your gadgets to communicate with you and your environment. It’s perfect for people with little technical training but a lot of interest.Maybe you're a science teacher who wants to show students how to monitor the weather in several locations at once. Or a sculptor looking to stage a room of choreographed mechanical sculptures. In this expanded edition, you’ll learn how to form networks of smart devices that share data and respond to commands.Call your home thermostat with a smartphone and change the temperature.Create your own game controllers that communicate over a network.Use ZigBee, Bluetooth, Infrared, and plain old radio to transmit sensor data wirelessly.Work with Arduino 1.0, Processing, and PHP—three easy-to-use, open source environments.Write programs to send data across the Internet, based on physical activity in your home, office, or backyard.Whether you want to connect simple home sensors to the Internet, or create a device that can interact wirelessly with other gadgets, this book explains exactly what you need. "Make microcontrollers, PCs, servers, and smartphones talk to each other. Building electronic projects that interact with the physical world is good fun. But when the devices you've built start to talk to each other, things really get interesting. With 33 easy-to-build projects, Making Things Talk shows you how to get your gadgets to communicate with you and your environment. It's perfect for people with little technical training but a lot of interest. Maybe you're a science teacher who wants to show students how to monitor the weather in several locations at once. Or a sculptor looking to stage a room of choreographed mechanical sculptures. In this expanded edition, you'll learn how to form networks of smart devices that share data and respond to commands. Call your home thermostat with a smartphone and change the temperature. Create your own game controllers that communicate over a network. Use ZigBee, Bluetooth, Infrared, and plain old radio to transmit sensor data wirelessly. Work with Arduino 1.0, Processing, and PHP--three easy-to-use, open source environments. Write programs to send data across the Internet, based on physical activity in your home, office, or backyard. Whether you want to connect simple home sensors to the Internet, or create a device that can interact wirelessly with other gadgets, this book explains exactly what you need." -- Publisher Building electronic projects that interact with the physical world is good fun. But when the devices you've built start to talk to each other, things really get interesting. The workbenches of hobbyists, hackers, and makers have become overrun with microcontrollers -- computers-on-a-chip that power homebrewed video games, robots, toys, and more. In Making Things Talk, author Tom Igoe shows how to make these gadgets communicate. Whether you need to plug some home sensors to the Internet or create a device that can interact wirelessly with other creations, this book shows you exactly what you need. The projects in this book are powerful yet inexpensive to build. You'll become familiar with the Arduino open source electronics prototyping platform, as well as networking hardware such as Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Zigbee, and Bluetooth Provides instructions for building a variety of projects that are able to communicate with one another, including a video game controlled by a stuffed monkey and a battery powered GPS that reports its location over Bluetooth