Making Salmon: An Environmental History of the Northwest Fisheries Crisis (Weyerhaeuser Environmental Book.)

Winner of the George Perkins Marsh Award, American Society for Environmental History In the past 20 years the Pacific Northwest has invested billions of dollars to save salmon runs, and the only thing everyone can agree upon is that the effort has largely failed. Scientists, historians, politicians, and journalists have offered many explanations for this "salmon crisis, " but few have looked very far into the past or plumbed primary material necessary to understand the 19th-century roots of salmon management. The purpose of Making Salmon is to subvert the way people have thought about salmon management for the last 125 years. It examines documents from the National Archives, the Smithsonian Institution, and regional archives to illuminate the social, cultural, economic, and environmental context of the decline of salmon from the aboriginal fisheries through the advent of industrial fishing and the rise of salmon hatcheries all the way down to the current crisis of the salmon fisheries as they face the threat of collapse today.

As recent scientific research suggests that, hatcheries may have contributed to the decline of salmon runs, Taylor relates in detail how and why fish culture emerged as the primary tool of salmon management. The Oregon experience with fish culture serves as a long-term case study of the intersection of federal, state, and private management strategies and interpretations and misinterpretations of salmon biology.

The essence of the salmon crisis is the struggle to define and solve a complicated environmental and social problem, but resolution has been elusive because participants have little in common except the propensity to deflect blame onto other groups or activities. Commercial and sport fishers, fish culturalists, environmentalists,smelters, irrigators, bargers, and dam agencies have all responded to declining runs in different ways. The preferred political and technological strategies have perpetuated, rather than resolved, problems. The detailed history of those efforts offered in Making Salmon should remind readers of the complexity of the forces driving decline. It should also caution readers against uncritical faith in technology and temper the tendency to moralize and scapegoat.

Making Salmon is of critical importance for everyone interested in understanding the origins of and finding a solution for the current environmental crisis in the Pacific Northwest.

Annotation In the past twenty years the Pacific Northwest has invested billions of dollars to save salmon runs, and the only thing everyone can agree upon is that the effort has largely failed. Scientists, historians, politicians, and journalists have offered many explanations for this "salmon crisis", but few have looked very far into the past or plumbed primary documents necessary to understand the nineteenth-century roots of salmon management. The purpose of Making Salmon is to subvert the way people have thought about salmon management for the last 125 years. It examines the social, cultural, economic, and environmental context of the decline of salmon from the aboriginal fisheries through the advent of industrial fishing and the rise of hatcheries all the way down to the current crisis of the salmon fisheries as they face the threat of collapse today. The essence of the salmon crisis is the struggle to define and solve a complicated environmental and social problem, but resolution has been elusive because participants have little in common except the propensity to deflect blame onto other groups or activities. Commercial and sport fishers, fish culturalists, environmentalists, smelters, irrigators, bargers, and dam agencies have all responded to declining runs in different ways. The preferred political and technological strategies have perpetuated, rather than resolved, problems. The detailed history of those efforts offered in Making Salmon should remind readers of the complexity of the forces driving decline. It should also caution readers against uncritical faith in technology and temper the tendency to moralize and scapegoat. Making Salmon is of critical importance for everyoneinterested in understanding the origins of and finding a solution for the current environmental crisis in the Pacific Northwest "The purpose of Making Salmon is to subvert the way people have thought about salmon management for the last 125 years. It examines the social, cultural, economic, and environmental context of the decline of salmon from the aboriginal fisheries through the advent of industrial fishing and the rise of hatcheries all the way down to the current crisis of the salmon fisheries as they face the threat of collapse today." "The preferred political and technological strategies have perpetuated, rather than resolved, problems. The detailed history of those efforts offered in Making Salmon should remind readers of the complexity of the forces driving decline. It should also caution readers against uncritical faith in technology and temper the tendency to moralize and scapegoat." "Making Salmon is of critical importance for everyone interested in understanding the origins of and finding a solution for the current environmental crisis in the Pacific Northwest."--Jacket Taylor (history, Iowa State U.) examines the social, cultural, economic, and environmental contexts of the decline of salmon in the Pacific Northwest from the aboriginal fisheries through the advent of industrial fishing and the rise of hatcheries all the way down to the current crisis of the salmon fisheries as they face the threat of collapse today. He argues that solutions to the problem are frustrated by the inability of commercial and sport fishers, fish culturalist, environmentalists, smelters, irrigators, bargers, and dam agencies to find common ground. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com) Frontmatter List of Maps (page vii) Foreword: Speaking for Salmon (William Cronon, page ix) Acknowledgments (page xiii) Introduction: A Durable Crisis (page 3) 1 / Dependence, Respect, and Moderation (page 13) 2 / Historicizing Overfishing (page 39) 3 / Inventing a Panacea (page 68) 4 / Making Salmon (page 99) 5 / Taking Salmon (page 133) 6 / Urban Salmon (page 166) 7 / Remaking Salmon (page 203) 8 / Taking Responsibility (page 237) Citation Abbreviations (page 259) Notes (page 263) Bibliographical Essay (page 379) Index (page 411) Pacific Salmon have mattered for millennia, but the bond between humans and fish has changed radically over time.