Machine Translation and Global Research : Towards Improved Machine Translation Literacy in the Scholarly Community

« In the global research community, English has become the main language of scholarly publishing in many disciplines. At the same time, online machine translation systems have become increasingly easy to access and use. Is this a researcher's match made in heaven, or the road to publication perdition? Here Lynne Bowker and Jairo Buitrago Ciro introduce the concept of machine translation literacy, a new kind of literacy for scholars and librarians in the digital age. For scholars, they explain how machine translation works, how it is (or could be) used for scholarly communication, and how both native and non-native English-speakers can write in a translation-friendly way in order to harness its potential. Native English speakers can continue to write in English, but expand the global reach of their research by making it easier for their peers around the world to access and understand their works, while non-native English speakers can write in their mother tongues, but leverage machine translation technology to help them produce draft publications in English. For academic librarians, the authors provide a framework for supporting researchers in all disciplines as they grapple with producing translation-friendly texts and using machine translation for scholarly communication—a form of support that will only become more important as campuses become increasingly international and as universities continue to strive to excel on the global stage. Machine Translation and Global Research is a must-read for scientists, researchers, students, and librarians eager to maximize the global reach and impact of any form of scholarly work. »-- Résumé de l'éditeur Machine Translation and Global Research: Towards Improved Machine Translation Literacy in the Scholarly Community......Page 4 Copyright Page......Page 5 Contents......Page 8 List of Tables......Page 12 About the Authors......Page 14 Why this book?......Page 16 Who is this book for?......Page 17 Chapter 1 sets the scene by providing an overview of the state of scholarly communication and the evolution of English as the international language of research dissemination. Here, you will learn about the traditional model of scientific publishing as we......Page 21 What is scholarly communication?......Page 22 From a scientific boom to a scientific literature boom......Page 23 The rise of English(es) as the international language of scientific communication......Page 24 Scholarly publishing......Page 26 English for research publication purposes......Page 28 Translation of scientific research......Page 29 Convenience editing and translation in a gig economy......Page 33 Publishing strategies and their pros and cons: A summary......Page 35 Parlez-vous le français-robot? The limits of machine translation for knowledge dissemination......Page 37 From post-editing to self-post-editing: A promising way forward?......Page 40 A helping hand when searching for information?......Page 42 A “good-enough” solution? The potential of machine translation for information assimilation......Page 44 An emerging need: Machine translation literacy......Page 47 Key points from this chapter......Page 50 To find out more about .........Page 51 A brief history of machine translation......Page 52 Just follow the rules! Rule-based machine translation......Page 54 With friends like statistics, who needs linguistics? Corpus-based approaches to machine translation......Page 57 What’s next? The rise of neural machine translation......Page 59 Word category ambiguity......Page 61 Structural ambiguity......Page 62 Anaphora, idioms, and so on!......Page 63 Change the input, change the output: Machine translation and controlled languages......Page 64 Key points from this chapter......Page 68 To find out more about .........Page 69 Collective action for the common good......Page 70 Academic writing style: Set in stone or open to change?......Page 75 What is the purpose of translation-friendly writing?......Page 77 Ten guidelines for translation-friendly writing......Page 78 2. Use the active voice rather than the passive voice......Page 79 4. Use relative pronouns such as “that” and “which”......Page 80 6. Use nouns instead of personal pronouns......Page 81 7. Use terminology consistently......Page 82 9. Avoid abbreviated forms......Page 83 10. Avoid idiomatic expressions, humor, and cultural references......Page 84 Abstracts......Page 86 Transforming an abstract into a translation-friendly text: An extended example......Page 87 Some notes on post-editing......Page 91 Key points from this chapter......Page 92 To find out more about .........Page 93 Just because we can use machine translation, does that mean that we should?......Page 94 To translate, or not to translate?......Page 95 Looking beyond the machine......Page 97 Privacy concerns......Page 99 Key points from this chapter......Page 100 To find out more about .........Page 101 Machine translation literacy: A working definition......Page 102 A preliminary framework for machine translation literacy instruction......Page 103 Module 1. Why think about machine translation in the context of scholarly communication?......Page 104 Module 3. Translation-friendly writing and editing......Page 105 Module 4. Self-post-editing machine translation output......Page 106 Who will deliver the instruction?......Page 107 Key points from this chapter......Page 108 Concluding remarks......Page 110 References......Page 112 Index......Page 120 Lynne Bowker and Jairo Buitrago Ciro introduce the concept of machine translation literacy, a new kind of literacy for scholars and librarians in the digital age. This book is a must-read for researchers and information professionals eager to maximize the global reach and impact of any form of scholarly work.- Información editorial