Lyophilization : Introduction and Basic Principles

Finding consistent, analytical discussions of processes and principles of lyophilization can be challenging and often frustrating. The first resource to gather information about the field, Lyophilization: Introduction and Basic Principles is still the book to have on lyophilization. Presenting information in an easy-to-read style, the book comprehensively and authoritatively covers the field. Using plain, unpretentious language, author Thomas A. Jennings pulls together information from diverse sources to provide an authoritative compendium of the lyophilization process and its basic principles. He provides important discussions about the nature of the container-closure system and the equipment, tools, and environments required. Case studies and examples of solutions illustrate the many ways problems can be addressed in the lyophilization process. The book covers: Properties of lyophilized materials Product formulation requirements and the thermal properties of formulations Importance of process water Phase changes Thermal analytical methods Freezing, primary, and secondary drying processes Effect of vacuum freeze-dryers, both now and in the future Including over 150 illustrations, global symbols, and more than 350 references, this book is the complete guide to lyophilization, its analytical methods, measurement of process parameters, and equipment As the 19th century progressed, there was an increased study of microorganisms by biologists.