Low Fertility and Reproductive Health in East Asia (International Studies in Population Book 11)

This book provides a unique blend of social and biomedical sciences in the field of low fertility and reproductive health. It offers a significant contribution to understanding the determinants of low fertility mostly in East Asia, including an assessment of the effectiveness of policies that aim to raise fertility. It introduces new analytical tools and methods and shares application of innovative approaches to analyzing cross-sectional and longitudinal survey data and macro socioeconomic data to shed light on changing mechanisms of low fertility in the context of reproductive health. The volume introduces the demographic dividend into the study of fertility, analyzes possible impact of population ageing on the amount of resources allocated to child rearing, i.e. the so called "crowding effect" in social care and public spending between the elderly and children. The book also tests the Low Fertility Trap (LFT) hypothesis, a new important theory regarding fertility trends. The book focuses on East Asia which is numerically large but relatively under-researched with regard to issues covered in various chapters. The relevance of the volume, however, goes beyond countries in East Asia. The book breaks new grounds and reveals little known facts regarding the influence of endocrine disruptors on male fertility through falling sperm counts, the phenomenon of marital sexlessness and about the sexual behavior of adolescents in East Asia. This book provides a unique blend of social and biomedical sciences in the field of low fertility and reproductive health. It offers a significant contribution to understanding the determinants of low fertility mostly in East Asia, including an assessment of the effectiveness of policies that aim to raise fertility. It introduces new analytical tools and methods, and shares application of innovative approaches to analyzing cross-sectional and longitudinal survey data and macro socioeconomic data to shed light on changing mechanisms of low fertility in the context of reproductive health. The volume introduces the demographic dividend into the study of fertility, analyzes possible impact of population ageing on the amount of resources allocated to child rearing, i.e. the so called "crowding-out effect" in social care and public spending between the elderly and children. The book also tests the Low Fertility Trap (LFT) hypothesis, a new important theory regarding fertility trends. The book focuses on East Asia which is numerically large but relatively under-researched with regard to issues covered in various chapters. The relevance of the volume, however, goes beyond countries in East Asia. The book breaks new grounds and reveals little known facts regarding the influence of endocrine disruptors on male fertility through falling sperm counts, the phenomenon of marital sexlessness and the sexual behavior of adolescents in East Asia. Front Matter....Pages i-x Introduction....Pages 1-9 Social Norms, Institutions, and Policies in Low-Fertility Countries....Pages 11-30 Very Low Fertility and the High Costs of Children and the Elderly in East Asia....Pages 31-58 The Effects of Daycare Center Use on Marital Fertility in Japan....Pages 59-73 What Are the Prospects for Continued Low Fertility in Japan?....Pages 75-100 Low Fertility: Choice or Chance?....Pages 101-116 Trends in Male Reproductive Health and Decreasing Fertility: Possible Influence of Endocrine Disrupters....Pages 117-135 The Sexual Behavior of Adolescents and Young Adults in Japan....Pages 137-159 Sexless Marriages in Japan: Prevalence and Reasons....Pages 161-185 Community-Level Effects on the Use of Reproductive Health Services in Rural China....Pages 187-209 Back Matter....Pages 211-220