Listening to Subtitles : Subtitles for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing

This book is the first monographic study on subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing from a multidisciplinary perspective, from engineering to philology. The book departs from studies, analyses, tests, validations, resulting data, and their application from the nation-wide research on accessibility and usability of subtitles carried out in Spain. Tests and further analysis were carried out paying attention to users’ hearing profiles, the many formal features of subtitles – size, font, colour, position, etc. –, and the syntax of the subtitle. The book also contains articles which discuss present and future research on subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing carried out in Canada and across Europe: Belgium, Denmark, Italy, Poland, Spain, and UK. It provides an outlook for the implementation of the European Guidelines on Media Accessibility. Title Page 4 Copyright 5 Table of Contents 10 Introduction • Anna Matamala, Pilar Orero, Ana Pereira 12 Prologue: Digital television for some or for all? • Peter Olaf Looms 20 Spanish deaf people as recipients of closed captioning • Inmaculada C. Báez Montero, Ana Ma Fernández Soneira 26 The development of writing and grammatisation: The case of the deaf • Carmen Cabeza-Pereiro 46 Maximum font size for subtitles in Standard Definition Digital Television: Tests for a font magnifying application • Francisco Utray, Belén Ruiz, José Antonio Moreiro 60 The positioning of subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing • Eduard Bartoll, Anjana Martínez Tejerina 70 Criteria for elaborating subtitles for deaf and hard of hearing adults in Spain: Description of a case study • Ana Pereira 88 Including Spanish Sign Language in subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing • Ana Pereira 104 Subtitling for deaf and hard of hearing children in Spain: A case study • Lourdes Lorenzo 116 Criteria for elaborating subtitles for deaf and hard of hearing children in Spain: A guide of good practice • Lourdes Lorenzo 140 Introducing icons in subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing: Optimising reception? • Clara Civera, Pilar Orero 150 SUBSORDIG: The need for a deep analysis of data • Verónica Arnáiz Uzquiza 164 D’Artagnan and the Seven Musketeers: SUBSORDIG travels to Europe • Pablo Romero-Fresco 176 Shadow speaking for real-time closed-captioning of TV broadcasts in French • Gilles Boulianne, Jean-François Beaumont, Maryse Boisvert, Julie Brousseau, Patrick Cardinal, Claude Chapdelaine, Michel Comeau, Pierre Ouellet, Frédéric Osterrath, Pierre Dumouchel 192 Subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing within a virtual avatar environment: ULISES • Álvaro Pérez-Ugena, Ricardo Vizcaíno-Laorga, Deborah Rolph 210 A comprehensive bibliography on subtitling for the deaf and hard of hearing from a multidisciplinary approach • Ana Pereira, Verónica Arnáiz Uzquiza 220 Notes on contributors 230 Introduction Prologue: digital television for some or for all? / PETER OLAF LOOMS Spanish deaf people as recipients of closed captioning / INMACULADA C. BÁEZ MONTERO, ANA MA FERNÁNDEZ SONEIRA The development of writing and grammatisation: The case of the deaf / CARMEN CABEZA-PEREIRO Maximum font size for subtitles in Standard Definition Digital Television: Tests for a font magnifying application / FRANCISCO UTRAY, BELÉN RUIZ, JOSÉ ANTONIO MOREIRO The positioning of subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing / EDUARD BARTOLL, ANJANA MARTÍNEZ TEJERINA Criteria for elaborating subtitles for deaf and hard of hearing adults in Spain: Description of a case study / ANA PEREIRA Including Spanish Sign Language in subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing / ANA PEREIRA Subtitling for deaf and hard of hearing children in Spain: A case study / LOURDES LORENZO Criteria for elaborating subtitles for deaf and hard of hearing children in Spain: A guide of good practice / LOURDES LORENZO Introducing icons in subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing: Optimising reception? / CLARA CIVERA, PILAR ORERO SUBSORDIG: The need for a deep analysis of data / VERONICA ARNÁIZ UZQUIZA D'Artagnan and the Seven Musketeers: SUBSORDIG travels to Europe / PABLO ROMERO-FRESCO Shadow speaking for real-time closed-captioning of TV broadcasts in French / GILLES BOULIANNE, JEAN-FRANÇOIS BEAUMONT, MARYSE BOISVERT, JULIE BROUSSEAU, PATRICK CARDINAL, CLAUDE CHAPDELAINE, MICHEL COMEAU, PIERRE OUELLET, FRÉDÉRIC OSTERRATH, PIERRE DUMOUCHEL Subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing within a virtual avatar environment: ULISES / ÁLVARO PÉREZ-UGENA, RICARDO VIZCAÍNO-LAORGA, DEBORAH ROLPH A comprehensive bibliography on subtitling for the deaf and hard of hearing from a multidisciplinary approach / ANA PEREIRA, VERONICA ARNÁIZ UZQUIZA Notes on contributors. «The great amount of research-based contributions included in this work turn it into a very updated and trustworthy reference.» (Noa Talaván Zanón, The Journal of Specialised Translation) «(...) the book is a great compilation about the most recent works in subtitling for the deaf and hard of hearing.» (Yaima Aimee Centeno, The Linguist List) Offers a study on subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing from a multidisciplinary perspective, from engineering to philology. This book departs from studies, analyses, tests, validations, resulting data, and their application from the nation-wide research on accessibility and usability of subtitles carried out in Spain.