Liquid Metal Magnetohydrodynamics (Mechanics of Fluids and Transport Processes, 10)

Liquid metal MHO is within the scope of two series of international conferences. One is the International Congress on "MHD Power Generation", held every four years, which includes technical and economical aspects as well as scientific questions. The other if the Beer-Sheva Seminar on "MHO Flows and Turbulence", held every three years in Israel. In addition to these well established meetings, an IUTAM Symposium was previously organized in Cambridge (UK) in 1982 on "Metallurgical Applications of MHD" by the late Arthur Shercliff. It was focussed on a very specific subject developing radiply from the middle of the 1970's. The magnetic field was generally AC, including frequencies high enough for the skin-depth to be much smaller than the typical length scale of the liquide pool. And the development of new technologies, or the improvement of existing ones, was the main justification of most of the researches presented and discussed. Only two participants from Eastern countries attended this Symposium. By the middle of the 1980's we felt that on this very same topic ideas had reached much more maturity than in 1982. We also realized that a line of research on MHD flows related to fusion reactors (tokamaks) was developing significantly, with particular emphasis on flows at large interaction parameter. Front Matter....Pages i-xix Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Liquid Metal in a Strong Magnetic Field....Pages 3-12 Numerical Solutions of Three-Dimenstional MHD Flows in Strong Non-Uniform Transverse Magnetic Fields....Pages 13-19 MHD-Flows at High R m , N and Ha....Pages 21-27 MHD Pressure Drop of Liquid Metal Flow in Circular and Rectangular Ducts under Transverse Magnetic Field....Pages 29-36 Linear Approximation Application Limits in MHD-Flow Theory for Strong Magnetic Fields.Experimental Results....Pages 37-43 Front Matter....Pages 45-45 Application of the Core Flow Approach to MHD Fluid Flow in Geometric Elements of a Fusion Reactor Blanket....Pages 47-53 Experimental and Theoretical Work on MHD at the Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe the MEKKA-Program....Pages 55-61 Liquid Metal Turbulent Flow Phenomena and Their Implications on Fusion Reactor Blanket Design....Pages 63-69 Experimental Investigation of 3-D MHD Flows at High Hartmann Number and Interaction Parameter....Pages 71-77 Magnetohydrodynamics in Nuclear Energetics....Pages 79-88 Front Matter....Pages 89-89 Liquid Metal Flows with Polydispersed Solid and Gaseous Inclusions....Pages 91-96 Dispersion of Small Particles in MHD Flows....Pages 97-102 Two-Phase Flow Studies in Mercury-Air Liquid Metal MHD Generators....Pages 103-109 Liquid Metal MHD Generators in Two-Phase Flow Systems....Pages 111-118 Modelling of Magnetohydrodynamic Two-Phase Flow in Pipe....Pages 119-125 Melt Magnetohydrodynamics of Single Crystal Growth....Pages 127-133 The Effect of Electromagnetic Field on Semiconductor Single Crystal Growth and Characteristics....Pages 135-143 Gas Bubbles Motion during Vacuum Treatment of Liquid Aluminium in MDV-Type Devices....Pages 145-151 MHD Turbulence Decay behind Spatial Grids....Pages 153-159 The Effect of a Uniform Magnetic Field on Stability, Transition and Turbulence as a Control Means for Liquid Metal Flow Mixing....Pages 161-166 Front Matter....Pages 167-167 Electrically Induced Vortical Flows....Pages 169-178 Liquid Metal Flow near Magnetic Neutral Points....Pages 179-185 Modelling of Electrically Induced Flows for Studying Current Carrying Melts of Electrometallurgical Devices....Pages 187-193 Front Matter....Pages 195-195 Amplitude Evolution of Interfacial Waves in Aluminium Reduction Cells....Pages 197-204 Physical and Mathematical Modeling of MHD-Processes in Aluminium Reduction Cell....Pages 205-211 On the Analysis by Perturbation Methods of the Anodic Current Fluctuations in an Electrolytic Cell for Aluminium Production....Pages 213-219 Front Matter....Pages 221-221 Fluid Flows Induced by Alternating Magnetic Fields....Pages 223-232 Fluid Metal Flow Study in an Induction Furnace Based on Numerical Simulation....Pages 233-239 A High Frequency Induction Furnace for Oxide Melting....Pages 241-246 Directional Melt-Flow in Channel Induction Furnaces....Pages 247-253 Characteristic Properties of MHD Flow in Magnetodynamic Pumps....Pages 255-261 Front Matter....Pages 263-263 Deflection of a Stream of Liquid Metal by Means of an Alternating Magnetic Field....Pages 265-271 The Shape of Liquid Metal Jets under a Uniform Transverse Magnetic Field....Pages 273-279 Electromagnetic Control of Liquid Metal Free Surfaces....Pages 281-286 Deformation of an Electrically Conducting Drop in a Magnetic Field....Pages 287-292 Controlled Decomposition of Liquid Metal Jets and Films in Technological and Power Devices....Pages 293-298 Front Matter....Pages 299-299 More Accurate Skin-Depth Approximations....Pages 301-307 Overall and Local Thickness Measurement of Layers with Differing Electrical Properties....Pages 309-316 Determination of MHD Machine Parameters Using the ID Model of a Nonuniform Flow....Pages 317-323 Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Stability of Induction Pumps at Large Rm Numbers....Pages 325-331 Front Matter....Pages 299-299 3500 m 3 /h MHD Pump for Fast Breeder Reactor....Pages 333-338 Self-Excitation of Liquid Metal MHD Generators....Pages 339-346 Comprehensive Study on the MHD Phenomena in the Metal Pool with the Single-Phase Induction Coil....Pages 347-354 Grain Refinement in Continuously Cast Ingots of Light Metals by Electromagnetic Casting....Pages 355-361 Liquid Metal Flow Control Using A.C. Fields....Pages 363-370 Front Matter....Pages 371-371 Diagnostics of Liquid Metal Flows Using Fibre-Optic Velocity Sensor....Pages 373-379 On Local Measurements of the Up and Downstream Magnetic Wake of a Cylinder at Low Magnetic Reynolds Number....Pages 381-390 Metallurgical Aspects of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials....Pages 391-400 Front Matter....Pages 401-401 Liquid Metal MHD and the Geodynamo....Pages 403-412 The Helical MHD Dynamo....Pages 413-419 The Ponomarenko Dynamo....Pages 421-424 MHD Phenomena in Fast Neutron Reactors with a Liquid Metal Heat Carrier....Pages 425-429 Front Matter....Pages 431-431 The Effect of Initial and Boundary Conditions upon the Formation and Development of MHD Turbulence Structure....Pages 433-439 Two-Dimensional M.H.D. Turbulence....Pages 441-448 MHD Instabilities and Turbulence in Liquid Metal Shear Flows....Pages 449-454 Front Matter....Pages 455-455 Dispersion and Chaos in Linear Arrays of Vortices....Pages 457-463 Stability of Magnetohydrodynamic Flow over a Stretching Sheet....Pages 465-471 Stability of Closed Azimuthal Jet of Liquid Metal....Pages 473-479 Back Matter....Pages 481-481