Life and Death in Asia Minor in Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine Times: Studies in Archaeology and Bioarchaeology (Studies in Funerary Archaeology)

"Life and Death in Asia Minor" combines contributions in both archaeology and bioarchaeology in Asia Minor in the period ca. 200 BC – AD 1300 for the first time. The archaeology topics are wide-ranging including death and territory, death and landscape perception, death and urban transformations from pagan to Christian topography, changing tomb typologies, funerary costs, family organization, funerary rights, rituals and practices among pagans, Jews, and Christians, inhumation and Early Byzantine cremations and use and reuse of tombs. The bioarchaeology chapters use DNA, isotope and osteological analyses to discuss, both among children and adults, questions such as demography and death rates, pathology and nutrition, body actions, genetics, osteobiography, and mobility patterns and diet. The areas covered in Asia Minor include the sites of Hierapolis, Laodikeia, Aphrodisias, Tlos, Ephesos, Priene, Kyme, Pergamon, Amorion, Gordion, Boğazkale, and Arslantepe. The theoretical and methodological approaches used make it highly relevant for people working in other geographical areas and time periods. Many of the articles could be used as case studies in teaching at schools and universities. An important objective of the publication has been to see how the different types of results emerging from archaeological and natural science studies respectively could be integrated with each other and pose new questions on ancient societies, which were far more complex than historical and social studies of the past often manage to transmit. Life and Death in Asia Minor combines contributions in both archaeology and bioarchaeology in Asia Minor in the period ca. 200 BC AD 1300 for the first time. The archaeology topics are wide-ranging including death and territory, death and landscape perception, death and urban transformations from pagan to Christian topography, changing tomb typologies, funerary costs, family organization, funerary rights, rituals and practices among pagans, Jews, and Christians, inhumation and Early Byzantine cremations and use and reuse of tombs. The bioarchaeology chapters use DNA, isotope and osteological analyses to discuss, both among children and adults, questions such as demography and death rates, pathology and nutrition, body actions, genetics, osteobiography, and mobility patterns and diet. The areas covered in Asia Minor include the sites of Hierapolis, Laodikeia, Aphrodisias, Tlos, Ephesos, Priene, Kyme, Pergamon, Amorion, Gordion, Boazkale, and Arslantepe. The theoretical and methodological approaches used make it highly relevant for people working in other geographical areas and time periods. Many of the articles could be used as case studies in teaching at schools and universities. An important objective of the publication has been to see how the different types of results emerging from archaeological and natural science studies respectively could be integrated with each other and pose new questions on ancient societies, which were far more complex than historical and social studies of the past often manage to transmit. Table of Contents Acknowledgements vii Authors and Addresses ix Introduction. Dead bodies Live Some reflections from the sideline xiii J. Rasmus Brandt PART From life to death. Death and the social and funerary setting The Sanctuary of St Philip in Hierapolis and the tombs of saints in Anatolian cities Francesco DAndria 2. Necropoleis from the territory of Hierapolis in New data from archaeological surveys Giuseppe Scardozzi 3. The South-East Necropolis of Hierapolis of Planning, typologies and construction techniques Donatella Ronchetta 4. Tomb 163d in the North Necropolis of Hierapolis of Phrygia. An insight into the funerary gestures and practices of the Jewish Diaspora in Asia Minor in Late Antiquity and the Proto-Byzantine period Caroline Laforest, Dominique Castex, and Frdrique Blaizot 5. Tomb ownership in Lycia; site selection and burial rights with selected rock tombs and epigraphical material from Tlos Gl In and Ertan Yldz 6. The sarcophagus of Alexandros, son of Philippos. An important discovery in the Lycian city of Tlos Taner Korkut and ilem Uygun 7. Till death do them part: Reconstructing Graeco-Roman family life from funerary inscriptions of Aphrodisias Esen 8. Social status and tomb monuments in Hierapolis and Roman Asia Minor Sven Ahrens 9. New evidence for non-elite burial patterns in central Turkey Andrew L. Goldman 10. Reflections on the mortuary landscape of Ephesus. The archaeology of death in a Roman Metropolis Martin Steskal 11. Christian burials in a pagan context at Amorium Christopher S. Lightfoot 12. Romans, Christians, and pilgrims at Hierapolis in Phrygia. A funerary journey of mental changes Camilla Cecilie Wenn, Sven Ahrens, and J. Rasmus Brandt PART From death to life. Man and ancient life conditions 13. Analysis of DNA in human skeletal material from Hierapolis Gro Bjrnstad and Erika Hagelberg 14. Isotopic investigations of human diet and mobility at the site of Hierapolis, Turkey Megan Wong, Elise Naumann, Klervia Jaouen, and Michael Richards 15. Diet in Roman Pergamon using stable isotope (C, N, S), osteoarchaeological and historical data preliminary results Johanna Propstmeier, Olaf Nehlich, Michael Richards, Gisela Grupe, Gundula H. Mldner, and Wolf-Rdiger Teegen 16. Pergamon Kyme Health and disease from the Roman to the Late Byzantine period in different locations of Asia Minor Wolf-Rdiger Teegen 17. Toothache, back pain, and fatal injuries what skeletons tell about life and death at Roman and Byzantine Hierapolis Henrike Kiesewetter 18. Health and disease of infants and children in Byzantine Anatolia between AD 600 and 1350 Michael Schultz and Tyede H. Schmidt-Schultz 19. Infant and child skeletons from the Lower City Church at Byzantine Amorium F. Arzu Demirel 20. The wrestler from Osteobiography of a man from the Roman period based on his anthropological and palaeopathological record Jan Novek, Kristina Scheelen, and Michael Schultz General Index Acknowledgements List of Contributors Introduction: Dead bodies – Live data: Some reflections from the sideline (J. Rasmus Brandt) PART I: FROM LIFE TO DEATH: DEATH AND THE SOCIAL AND FUNERARY SETTING 1. The Sanctuary of St Philip in Hierapolis and the tombs of saints in Anatolian cities / Francesco D’Andria 2. Necropoleis from the territory of Hierapolis in Phrygia: New data from archaeological surveys / Giuseppe Scardozzi 3. The South-East Necropolis of Hierapolis in Phrygia: Planning, typologies, and construction techniques / Donatella Ronchetta 4. Tomb 163d in the North Necropolis of Hierapolis in Phrygia: An insight into the funerary gestures and practices of the Jewish Diaspora in Asia Minor in late Antiquity and the proto-Byzantine period / Caroline Laforest, Dominique Castex, and Frédérique Blaizot 5. Tomb ownership in Lycia: Site selection and burial rights with selected rock tombs and epigraphic material from Tlos / Gül Işın and Ertan Yıldız 6. The sarcophagus of Alexandros, son of Philippos: An important discovery in the Lycian city of Tlos / Taner Korkut and Çilem Uygun 7. "Til death do them part": Reconstructing Graeco-Roman family life from funerary inscriptions of Aphrodisias / Esen Öğüş 8. Social status and tomb monuments in Hierapolis and Roman Asia Minor / Sven Ahrens 9. New evidence for non-elite burial patterns in central Turkey / Andrew L. Goldman 10. Reflections on the mortuary landscape of Ephesus: The archaeology of death in a Roman metropolis / Martin Steskal 11. Christian burials in a pagan context at Amorium / Christopher S. Lightfoot 12. Romans, Christians, and pilgrims at Hierapolis in Phrygia: Changes in funerary practices and mental processes / Camilla Cecilie Wenn, Sven Ahrens, and J. Rasmus Brandt PART II: FROM DEATH TO LIFE: DEMOGRAPHY, HEALTH, AND LIVING CONDITIONS 13. Analysis of DNA in human skeletal material from Hierapolis / Gro Bjørnstad and Erika Hagelberg 14. Isotopic investigations of human diet and mobility at the site of Hierapolis, Turkey / Megan Wong, Elise Naumann, Klervia Jaouen, and Michael Richards 15. Diet in Roman Pergamon: Preliminary results using stable isotope (C, N, S), osteoarchaeological and historical data / Johanna Propstmeier, Olaf Nehlich, Michael P. Richards, Gisela Grupe, Gundula H. Müldner, and Wolf-Rüdiger Teegen 16. Pergamon – Kyme – Priene: Health and disease from the Roman to the late Byzantine period in different locations of Asia Minor / Wolf-Rüdiger Teegen 17. Toothache, back pain, and fatal injuries: What skeletons reveal about life and death at Roman and Byzantine Hierapolis / Henrike Kiesewetter 18. Health and disease of infants and children in Byzantine Anatolia between AD 600 and 1350 / Michael Schultz and Tyede H. Schmidt-Schultz 19. Infant and child skeletons from the Lower City Church at Byzantine Amorium / F. Arzu Demirel 20. The wrestler from Ephesus: Osteobiography of a man from the Roman period based on his anthropological and palaeopathological record / Jan Nováček, Kristina Scheelen, and Michael Schultz "Life and Death in Asia Minor combines contributions in both archaeology and bioarchaeology in Asia Minor in the period ca. 200 BC-AD 1300 for the first time. The archaeology topics are wide-ranging including death and territory, death and landscape perception, death and urban transformations from pagan to Christian topography, changing tomb typologies, funerary costs, family organization, funerary rights, rituals and practices among pagans, Jews, and Christians, inhumation and Early Byzantine cremations and use and reuse of tombs. The bioarchaeology chapters use DNA, isotope and osteological analyses to discuss, both among children and adults, questions such as demography and death rates, pathology and nutrition, body actions, genetics, osteobiography, and mobility patterns and diet. The areas covered in Asia Minor include the sites of Hierapolis, Laodikeia, Aphrodisias, Tlos, Ephesos, Priene, Kyme, Pergamon, Amorion, Gordion, Boğazkale, and Arslantepe. The theoretical and methodological approaches used make it highly relevant for people working in other geographical areas and time periods. Many of the articles could be used as case studies in teaching at schools and universities. An important objective of the publication has been to see how the different types of results emerging from archaeological and natural science studies respectively could be integrated with each other and pose new questions on ancient societies, which were far more complex than historical and social studies of the past often manage to transmit"--Publisher description "Life and Death in Asia Minor combines contributions in both archaeology and bioarchaeology in Asia Minor in the period ca. 200 BC-AD 1300 for the first time. The archaeology topics are wide-ranging including death and territory, death and landscape perception, death and urban transformations from pagan to Christian topography, changing tomb typologies, funerary costs, family organization, funerary rights, rituals and practices among pagans, Jews, and Christians, inhumation and Early Byzantine cremations and use and reuse of tombs. The bioarchaeology chapters use DNA, isotope and osteological analyses to discuss, both among children and adults, questions such as demography and death rates, pathology and nutrition, body actions, genetics, osteobiography, and mobility patterns and diet. The areas covered in Asia Minor include the sites of Hierapolis, Laodikeia, Aphrodisias, Tlos, Ephesos, Priene, Kyme, Pergamon, Amorion, Gordion, Bogăzkale, and Arslantepe. The theoretical and methodological approaches used make it highly relevant for people working in other geographical areas and time periods. Many of the articles could be used as case studies in teaching at schools and universities. An important objective of the publication has been to see how the different types of results emerging from archaeological and natural science studies respectively could be integrated with each other and pose new questions on ancient societies, which were far more complex than historical and social studies of the past often manage to transmit"--Publisher description Life And Death In Asia Minor Combines Contributions In Both Archaeology And Bioarchaeology In Asia Minor In The Period Ca. 200 Bc-ad 1300 For The First Time. The Archaeology Topics Are Wide-ranging Including Death And Territory, Death And Landscape Perception, Death And Urban Transformations From Pagan To Christian Topography, Changing Tomb Typologies, Funerary Costs, Family Organization, Funerary Rights, Rituals And Practices Among Pagans, Jews, And Christians, Inhumation And Early Byzantine Cremations And Use And Reuse Of Tombs. The Bioarchaeology Chapters Use Dna, Isotope And Osteological Analyses To Discuss, Both Among Children And Adults, Questions Such As Demography And Death Rates, Pathology And Nutrition, Body Actions, Genetics, Osteobiography, And Mobility Patterns And Diet. The Areas Covered In Asia Minor Include The Sites Of Hierapolis, Laodikeia, Aphrodisias, Tlos, Ephesos, Priene, Kyme, Pergamon, Amorion, Gordion, Bogazkale, And Arslantepe. The Theoretical And Methodological Approaches Used Make It Highly Relevant For People Working In Other Geographical Areas And Time Periods. Many Of The Articles Could Be Used As Case Studies In Teaching At Schools And Universities. An Important Objective Of The Publication Has Been To See How The Different Types Of Results Emerging From Archaeological And Natural Science Studies Respectively Could Be Integrated With Each Other And Pose New Questions On Ancient Societies, Which Were Far More Complex Than Historical And Social Studies Of The Past Often Manage To Transmit--publisher Description. Twenty papers combining archaeology and bioarchaeology to give a sophisticated picture of life and death in Asia Minor from ca. 200 BC – to AD 1300.