L'Enfant sous terreur: L'ignorance de l'adulte et son prix (Psychanalyse) (French Edition)

Child abuse is beginning to be recognized as something more significant than an isolated family affair. The title of Alice Miller's book, first published in Germany in 1981, spells out the unspoken commandment that such abused children - indeed, all of us - have been obeying since early childhood. We have all been made to feel from our earliest days that we are to blame for anything shameful that happens to us, so that our awareness of these inflicted abuses dims. Alice Miller demonstrates that this centuries-old tradition also finds expression in Freud's notions of "the Oedipus complex" and "infantile sexuality" - his drive theory - which put the blame on the child. Freud maintained that his patients who claimed to have been sexually molested as children were only "fantasizing" as a defense against their own sexual desires for their innocent parents. This theory helped to conceal the fact that sexual abuse of children occurs frequently and results in later emotional disturbances in the victims of such abuse - because they are not allowed awareness of it. In fairy tales, works of literature, and dreams, Alice Miller maintains, the truth about childhood can emerge, precisely because it is not recognized as such. Detailed examples from Kafka, Flaubert, Beckett, and Virginia Woolf offer proof of her thesis and illustrate her understanding of human creativity. Etude psychanalytique de certains aspects de l'inconscient en comparaison avec les théories de Freud et de ses disciples. L'auteure tente d'expliquer comment certains commandements des parents ou des abus de leur part sont intériorisés dans l'inconscient individuel ou collectif des enfants, avec des effets sur l'évolution de leur psychologie. L'étude se fonde sur des cas rencontrés dans la pratique psychanalytique et sur des exemples empruntés à la littérature : Baudelaire, Flaubert et, plus longuement, l'univers de Kafka