Legislating Authority: Sin and Crime in the Ottoman Empire and Turkey (Middle East Studies: History, Politics & Law)

Legislation Authority addresses issues of law, state violence, and state authority within the Ottoman and Turkish context. Legislating Authority addresses issues of law, state violence, and state authority within the Ottoman and Turkish context. Rather than engaging in the usual scholarly debate surrounding Ottoman legal reform, contesting or supporting its "secular" or "modern" nature, the book instead examines the way in which criminality as a category was repeatedly redefined in the Ottoman Empire and Turkey between 1840 and 1940. By the turn of the twentieth century, the book argues, criminality had become a political rather than a moral category. The abstract concept most in need of legal protection had become not "the individual," "God," or even "society," but the "state." A corrupt bureaucratic functionary thus posed more of a threat to Ottoman and Turkish self definition than a murderer, an apostate, or a sexual deviant. Legislating Authority sees the culmination of this trend in the early Turkish Republican adoption of Mussolini's fascist code of criminal law, a key moment in the development of Turkey's intrusive state structure. It also, however, positions these trends and their culmination within a framework of international comparison. The Ottoman and Turkish experience, it demonstrates, was very much part of a larger global transformation, and legal reform in this part of the modern Middle East was nothing if not "normal." Cover Half Title Series Page Title Page Copyright Page Contents Acknowledgments Introduction Chapter One Historical Context Chapter Two Legal Context Chapter Three 1840 to 1850: Crime and the Bureaucracy Chapter Four 1851 to 1858: The Disappearance of the Victim Chapter Five 1859 to 1876: Crimes Against the State Chapter Six 1877 to 1908: The Role of Religion Chapter Seven 1909 to 1920: The Reinvention of "Evil"— Positivists and Totalitarians Chapter Eight 1920 and Beyond: Modern or Fascist? Chapter Nine Turkey Adopts a Fascist Law Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index

The aim of this book is to understand what Deleuze and Guattari mean by "art." Stephen Zepke argues that art, in their account, is an ontological term and an ontological practice that results in a new understanding of aesthetics. For Deleuze and Guattari understanding what art "is" means understanding how it works, what it does, how it "becomes," and finally, how it lives. This book illuminates these philosophers' discussion of ontology from the viewpoint of art-and vice versa-in a thorough questioning of aesthetic criteria as they are normally understood.

The artist-philosopher : Deleuze, Nietzsche, and the critical art of affirmation Spinoza, mystical atheism, and the art of beatitude We need new signs : towards a cinematic image of thought A freedom for the end of the world : painting and absolute deterritorialisation Songs of molecules : the chaosmosis of sensation The agitations of a convulsive life : painting as flesh Conclusion a break, a becoming, a belief. Repressing the body Interrogating philosophy : the bared breast incident The most forgotten alien land : the body in Adorno's essay on Kafka The transfigured body : feminist negative dialectics. Miller forms an intellectual and legal history of the late Ottoman Empire and Turkey, placed within a comparative framework of international trends. First Published in 2005. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company