[Lecture Notes in Computer Science] Logic and Argumentation Volume 12061 (Third International Conference, CLAR 2020, Hangzhou, China, April 6–9, 2020, Proceedings) ||

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Logic and Argumentation, CLAR 2020, held in Hangzhou, China, in April 2020. The 14 full and 7 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 31 submissions. The papers cover the focus of the CLAR series, including formal models of argumentation, logics for decision making and uncertainreasoning, formal models of evidence, con rmation, and justi cation, logics forgroup cognition and social network, reasoning about norms, formal representationsof natural language and legal texts, as well as applications of argumentationon climate engineering. -- Provided by publisher Preface Organization Contents Long Presentations Group Belief 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Group Belief in Different Logics 4 Axiomatization of KD45D 4.1 Pseudo Soundness and Completeness 4.2 Translating a Pseudo Model to a Model 4.3 Truth Preservation of the Translation 5 Discussion References Broadening Label-Based Argumentation Semantics with May-Must Scales 1 Introduction 1.1 Labelling-Approach with May-Must Scales 1.2 Motivation for May-Must scales 1.3 Related Work 1.4 Summary of Contribution and the Structure of the Paper 2 Technical Preliminaries 3 Label-Based Argumentation Semantics with May-Must Scales 3.1 Maximally Designating Labellings 4 Conclusion with Technical Comparisons References Semirings of Evidence 1 Introduction 1.1 Related Work 2 The Syntax of SE 3 The Semantics of SE 4 Realization 5 Applications References Logic Programming, Argumentation and Human Reasoning 1 Introduction 2 Formal Preliminaries 2.1 Abstract Argumentation 2.2 Logic Programming 2.3 Correspondence of Argumentation and Logic Programming 3 The Suppression Task 4 Translation, Correspondence and New LP Semantics 5 Discussion on Cognitive Plausibility of New Semantics 5.1 Differences Among the Semantics 5.2 Empirical Studies on Argumentation 6 Conclusion A Proof of Theorem 34 References Reasoning About Degrees of Confirmation 1 Introduction 2 Preliminaries 3 The Logic LPP2conf: Syntax and Semantics 3.1 Syntax 3.2 Semantics of LPP2conf 4 Axiomatization of LPP2conf 5 Completeness of Ax(LPP2conf) 5.1 Lindenbaum's Theorem 5.2 Canonical Model 6 Decidability 7 Conclusion References Ideal Related Algebras and Their Logics Extended Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Ideal Related Algebras and Their Logics 3 Unification and Admissible Rules in Logics of Ideal Related Algebras 4 Summary and Outlook References Computer-Supported Analysis of Arguments in Climate Engineering 1 Introduction 2 Framework 3 Case Study 3.1 Individual (Component) Arguments 3.2 Reconstructing the Argument Graph 4 Challenges and Prospects References A Logic of Knowledge and Belief Based on Abstract Arguments 1 Introduction 2 The Logic LKB 3 Axiomatization 4 Extending to Multiple Agents 5 Related Work 6 Conclusion References A Meta-level Annotation Language for Legal Texts 1 Introduction 2 The NAI Suite 2.1 The Underlining Logic 2.2 The Reasoning Module 2.3 The Annotation Editor 2.4 The Abstract Programming Interface (API) 3 A Meta-level Annotation Language 4 Example: Automated Reasoning over GDPR Article 13 4.1 Annotating Paragraph 1 4.2 Annotating Paragraph 3 4.3 Annotating Paragraph 4 4.4 Automated Reasoning over the GDPR 5 Conclusion and Future Work References Towards an Executable Methodology for the Formalization of Legal Texts 1 Introduction 2 Preliminaries 3 The NAI Suite 3.1 The Reasoning Module 3.2 The Annotation Editor 3.3 The Abstract Programming Interface (API) 4 A Methodology for the Creation of Correct Formalizations 4.1 Behaviour-Driven Development in Software Engineering 4.2 Towards Behaviour-Driven Development of Legal Formalization 4.3 Case Study: Scottish Smoking Regulation 5 Conclusion and Future Work References Goal-Driven Structured Argumentation for Patient Management in a Multimorbidity Setting 1 Introduction 2 Case Example 3 The ASPIC+G Argumentation System 3.1 Definition and Argument Construction 3.2 Attack, Defeat, and Goal Fulfilment 3.3 Goal Set Ordering 4 Modelling Multimorbidity with ASPIC+G 4.1 Formalization and Reasoning 4.2 Explanation of Results 5 Relation with Multiple Criteria Decision 6 Related Work 7 Conclusions and Future Work 8 Appendix References Intuitionistic-Bayesian Semantics of First-Order Logic for Generics 1 Motivation: Cohen's Theory and Its Eight Shortcomings 2 Bayesian Semantics, Ramsey Test, and Stalnaker Thesis 3 Bayesian Semantics and Triviality Result 4 Four Advantages of Intuitionistic-Bayesian Semantics 5 First-Order Logic for Generics (FLG) 5.1 Language of FLG 5.2 Intuitionistic-Bayesian Semantics of FLG 5.3 FLG-Logical Forms of Generics and Their Truth Conditions 6 Some Remarks on Overcoming of Shortcomings by Means of FLG 7 Concluding Remarks References Ambiguity Preference and Context Learning in Uncertain Signaling 1 Introduction 2 Signaling Game with Private Belief (SPB) 3 When Is Private Belief Learnable? 4 Uncertain Signaling and Ambiguity Preference 5 Discussion and Conclusion References A Decidable Multi-agent Logic for Reasoning About Actions, Instruments, and Norms 1 Introduction 2 A Benchmark Example 3 Deontic Logic of Actions, Agency and Norms 4 Norms, Ability and Deliberation in LAN 4.1 Norms to Be 4.2 Norms to Do 4.3 Norms of Instrumentality 5 The Benchmark Example Revisited 6 Conclusion A Finite Model Property and Decidability References Short Presentations Preservation of Admissibility with Rationality and Feasibility Constraints 1 Introduction 2 Abstract Argumentation 2.1 Abstract Argumentation Framework 2.2 Abstract Argumentation Semantics and Propositional Logic 3 Preservation of the Dung's Admissibility 3.1 Extension Aggregation 3.2 Preservation of Dung's Admissibility 4 Preservation of Graded Admissibility 4.1 Graded Semantics 4.2 Preservation Result for Graded Admissibility 5 Preservation Results for Concrete Admissbility 5.1 Concrete Admissibility 5.2 Concrete Admissibility and Prime Implicates 5.3 A Model with Rationality and Feasibility Constraints 5.4 Preservation Results for Concrete Admissibility 6 Conclusion References Uncertainty in Argumentation Schemes: Negative Consequences and Basic Slippery Slope 1 Introduction 1.1 Argumentation Schemes and Critical Questions 1.2 The Basic Slippery Slope and the Negative Consequences Arguments 1.3 The Problem of Uncertainty and Why It Is Useful 1.4 Theoretical Limitations and the Problem of Non-uniformity 2 The Argumentation Scheme from Negative Consequences 2.1 Structure of the Argumentation Scheme from Negative Consequences 3 Encompassing the Uncertainty of the Argumentation Scheme from Negative Consequences 3.1 Modelling the Critical Questions of the Argumentation Scheme from Negative Consequences 4 The Basic Slippery Slope Argument 4.1 The Structure of Basic Slippery Slope Argument 5 Encompassing the Uncertainty of the Basic Slippery Slope Argument 5.1 The Problem of the Non-uniformity 5.2 Modelling the Critical Questions of the Basic Slippery Slope Argumentation Scheme 6 Conclusions References Reasoning as Speech Acts 1 Motivation 2 General Idea 3 The Logic for Persuation 4 Future Work References Dynamics of Fuzzy Argumentation Frameworks 1 Introduction 2 Motivation 3 Preliminaries 3.1 Fuzzy Set Theory 3.2 Gödel Fuzzy Argumentation Frameworks 4 Dynamics of Fuzzy Argumentation Frameworks 5 The Argumentation Semantics of Dynamic Fuzzy Argumentation Frameworks 5.1 The Directionality Principle in FAFs 5.2 The Basic Theory of the Division-Based Approach in FAF 5.3 Conditioned Fuzzy Argumentation Frameworks 5.4 The Division of Updated Fuzzy Argumentation Framework 5.5 Computing the Semantics of an Updated Argumentation Framework Based on the Division 5.6 The Conclusion About the Dynamics of FAF w.r.t. a Deletion of FAF 6 Conclusion References Probabilistic Three-Valued Argumentation Frameworks 1 Introduction 2 Definition of PFAFs 3 Revising the Probabilities 4 PFAF Semantics 4.1 Conflict-Free Semantics 4.2 Acceptability 4.3 Extension-Based Semantics 5 Related Works 6 Conclusion References Further Steps Towards a Logic of Polarization in Social Networks 1 Introduction 2 Preliminaries: Balance and PNL 2.1 Syntax and Semantics of PNL 2.2 The Balance Theorem: Polarized Networks 2.3 Weak Balance: More than Two Extremes 2.4 Axiomatization 3 Speaking of Balance 3.1 A Balance Axiom 3.2 Non-compactness 4 Collective Connectedness and Non-overlapping 4.1 Universal Modality 4.2 Nominals 4.3 Intersection 4.4 Difference 5 Measuring Polarization 5.1 Distance Properties 5.2 Counting Cycles 5.3 Line Index of Imbalance 5.4 Comparing Measures: How Far from Polarization? 6 Conclusions and Future Work References A Formalization of the Slippery Slope Argument 1 Introduction 2 Argumentation Theory for SSA 2.1 Basic Components of SSA 2.2 SSAT 2.3 Evaluation of SSA 3 A Case Analysis 3.1 The Gene Editing Baby Case: A Practical Application of SSA 3.2 Modeling of SSA 4 Discussion and Related Work 4.1 Discussion About the Weak Transposition 4.2 Discussion About Value Judgement 5 Summary References Author Index